Power Electronics and Motor Drive Systems

987 Pages·2016·54.01 MB·English

by  Stefanos Manias (Auth.)

Power Electronics and
Motor Drive Systems
Stefanos N. Manias
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
National Technical University of Athens
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About the Author
Dr.StefanosN.ManiasreceivedtheB.Eng.,M.Eng.,andPhDdegreesinelectrical
engineering from Concordia University, Montreal, Canada, in 1975, 1980, and 1984,
respectively.In1975,hejoinedtheCanadianBroadcastingCorporation(CBC)where
hewasresponsibleforthedesignofradioandtelevisionautomationsystems.In1980,
he joined Northern Telecom of Canada where he was responsible for the design of
power supplies, battery chargers and UPS for telecommunication applications, and
otherpowerelectronicsconversiontopologies.In1989,Dr.ManiasjoinedtheElectri-
calandComputerEngineeringDepartmentofNationalTechnicalUniversityofAthens
(NTUA), and today he is holding the position of a full professor and director of the
electrical machines and power electronics laboratory where he is teaching and
conducting research in the area of Power Electronics and Motor Drive Systems. He
is the author of more than 100 IEEE and IEE publications in Power Electronics and
MotorDriveSystems(atleast1500citationsand30USpatentreferences).Dr.Manias
is an IEEE Fellow and the Chapter Chairman of IEEE Greece section of the joint
societies IAS-PELS-IES. His research interests include power electronics conversion
topologies, battery energy storage systems, and motor drive systems. Dr. Manias is a
registeredprofessionalengineerinCanadaandEurope.
Preface
Stefanos N. Manias
This first edition of this textbook is designed specifically to facilitate teaching of the
subject of power electronics and to provide information to electrical engineers who
deal with different applications of power electronics. The book contains enough ma-
terial to cover two undergraduate courses in power electronics. Selected sections
from Chapters1e12covertopics for an introductory undergraduate course in power
electronics, and selected sections from Chapters 7e12 cover topics for an advanced
undergraduate oreven graduate course.
Todayelectricalengineeringstudentsandelectricalengineersingeneralarefacing
with some problems of understanding the subject of power electronics. The major
reasonisthatsomeofthecurrentlyavailabletextbooksarefocusedonthebasicknowl-
edgeortheso-calledearlygenerationofpowerelectronicstechnology,andsomeare
focused on the so-called modern power electronics technology ignoring the basic
knowledgeofhowtoanalyzepowerelectronicscircuits.Moreover,mostofthesetext-
booksdonotincludesome additional material, whichisneeded fortheanalysis, and
thereaderhastorefertoothertextbooks.Tobeabletounderstandindepththepower
electronicstechnology atextbook shouldprovidematerial thatcovers theanalysis of
powerelectronicscircuitsandatthesametimetobeinformedonthestate-of-the-artof
powerelectronicspowerconversiontechnology.Actually,thishasbeenthemotivation
forwritingthistextbook.Thistextbookinitiallypresentsallnecessarybasicmaterialto
beabletoanalyzepowerelectronicscircuitsindepth,i.e.,basicpowersemiconductor
devices and basic power converters. Next, the state-of-the-art power semiconductor
devices and the state-of-the-art power electronics converters are presented and
analyzed.
Thisbookisintendedtoaidelectricalengineeringstudentsinpowerelectronicsto
overcomedifferentdifficultiesbysupplyingdetailedillustrationsofthepresentedthe-
oryand106solvedproblems.Themainroleofthesolvedproblemsistoprovideways
ofthinkingaboutproblems,presentmethodsofanalysis,anddevelopstrategiestocrit-
icallyevaluatetheresults.Moreover,thetheoryisreinforcedbysimulationexamples
usingthewell-knownandwidelyavailablesoftwareprograms,namely,SPICE,PSIM,
and MATLAB/SIMULINK.
The contentsof this textbook are divided into the followingeight parts:
(cid:129) Part1,whichincludesChapter1,introducesthescopeandapplicationsofpowerelectronics
technology.
xviii Preface
(cid:129) Part2,whichincludesChapters2and3,discussesthebasicanalysisofpowercircuitsand
basicrectifiertopologiesthatemploydiodesandthyristors.
(cid:129) Part3,whichincludesChapters4and5,discussesdiodeandSCRrectifiertopologies.
(cid:129) Part4,whichincludesChapter6only,discussestwo-levelandmultilevelinvertertopologies
including different state-of-the-art modulation and output voltage and current control
techniques.
(cid:129) Part5,whichincludesChapter7only,discussesthestate-of-the-artdctodcpowerconver-
siontechniquesincludingresonantconverters.
(cid:129) Part6,whichincludesChapters8,9,and11,discussespassiveandactivefiltering.More-
over,includespulsewidthmodulationrectifiers.
(cid:129) Part 7, which includes Chapter 10 only, discusses the state-of-the-art of power semicon-
ductorswitchesprovidingalsosomeinformationofSiCsemiconductordevices.Thecharac-
teristics andthe gating circuits of different power semiconductor switches suchas bipolar
junctiontransistors,insulatedgatebipolartransistors,metaloxidesemiconductorfieldeffect
transistors,integratedgate-commutatedthyristor,MOS-controlledthyristors,andgateturn-
offthyristorsarepresentedandanalyzed.Moreover,theanalysisofswitchingpowerlossesis
presentedtogetherwiththeselectionofaheatsink.
(cid:129) Part8,whichincludesChapter12only,discussesthecontrolofdcandacmotors.Theac
motor control techniques include V/f constant control, direct torque control, and field ori-
entedcontrol.
Finally,Tables1and2presentthesuggestedtopicsandthenumberof3-hlectures
neededfor an introductoryand an advanced power electronics course,respectively.
Table1 Suggested Topics for an Introductory Course in Power
Electronics
Chapter Topics Sections Lectures
Chapter1 Introduction 1.0e4.0 1
Chapter2 Circuitswithswitchesanddiodes 2.1e2.11 1
Chapter3 Thyristorandsingle-phasehalf-waverectifiers 3.1e3.6 1
Chapter4 Dioderectifiers 4.1e4.7 2
Chapter5 Thyristorrectifiers 5.1e5.4 2
Chapter6 Inverters 6.1e6.5 2
Chapter7 dcedcconverters 7.1e7.4 1
Chapter8 acvoltagecontrollers 8.1e8.3 1
Chapter10 Powerswitchingdevices 10.1e10.3 2
Preface xix
Table2 Suggested Topics for an Advanced Course in Power
Electronics
Chapter Topics Sections Lectures
Chapter6 Multilevelinverters,STATCOM,andPQ 6.5,6.8.6,and 3
control 6.9
Chapter7 Resonantconverters 7.5e7.11 2
Chapter8 StaticVARcompensators 8.4 2
8.4.1e8.4.2
Chapter9 PWMrectifiersandmultilevelrectifiers 9.1e9.4 2
Chapter10 Powerswitchingdevices 10.4e10.6 2
10.8e10.9.4
Chapter11 Passiveandactivefiltering 11.1e11.4 2
11.5.1e11.5.5
Chapter12 Introductiontomotordrivesystems 12.1e12.3 3
12.4.1e12.4.9
12.5.1e12.5.2
Acknowledgments
I would like to acknowledge the European 7th Framework Research Program
“Anti-SiC09-SYN-32-1181SYNERGASIA-2009GSRT”forsupportingmetowrite
the section on theSilicon Carbide semiconductor devices of Chapter 10.
Also,IwouldliketothankthePhDStudentsE.Gati,G.Kampitsis,S.Mpatzelis,
and Dr D.Tsangaris for proofreading some of thetextbookmaterial.
List of Abbreviations
AAC Alternate arm converter
AC Alternating current
AF Active filter
AMCIC Asymmetrical multilevel cascaded inverter configuration
APOD Alternative phase opposition disposition
ARCP Auxiliaryresonant commutated pole
ASD Adjustable speed drive
BJT Bipolarjunctiontransistor
CHBMI Cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter
CMV Common-modevoltage
CONV-NPC-4L Conventional neutralpoint clamped-4 level
CPWM Continuouspulse width modulation
CSI Current source inverter
DC Direct current
DFOC Direct fieldorientedcontrol
DPWMMAX Discontinuous pulse width modulation maximum
DPWMMIN Discontinuous pulse width modulation minimum
EMI Electromagnetic interference
ETO Emitter turn-off thyristor
FACTs FlexibleAC transmission systems
FCMI Flyingcapacitors multilevel inverter
FOC Field-oriented control
FSOA Forwardbias safe operatingarea
GMIT Generalized multilevel inverter topology
GTO Gate turn-off thyristor
HBCCPWM Hysteresisband currentcontrolpulse width modulation
HF High frequency
IFCO Indirect fieldeorientedcontrol
HV High voltage
HVDC High voltage directcurrent
IGBT Insulated gate bipolartransistor
IGCT Integrated gate commutated thyristor
LV Low voltage
M2C Modularmultilevel converter
MCIC Multilevel cascaded inverter configuration
xxiv ListofAbbreviations
MCT MOS-controlledthyristor
MINV Multilevel inverter
MMC Modularmultilevel converter
MOSFET Metaloxide semiconductor fieldeffect transistor
MRCPWM Minimum ripple current pulse widthmodulation
MTO MOS-turn off thyristor
MV Middlevoltage
NPC or NPCI Neutral point clamped inverter
NPDCMI Neutral point diode-clamped multilevel inverter
PCCMVSI Predictive currentcontrolfor multilevel voltagesource inverters
PFC Power factor correction
PD Phase disposition
POD Phase opposition disposition
PSCPWM Phase-shifted carrierpulse widthmodulation
PSIM Power simulation
PWM Pulse width modulation
RCCC Ramp-comparison currentcontrol
RDCL ResonantDC link
RMS Rootmean square
RBSOA Reverse bias safe operatingarea
SCR Silicon-control rectifier
SEPIC Single-ended primary-inductance converter
SHEPWM Selected harmonic elimination PWM
SPWM Sinusoidal pulse widthmodulation
SPICE Simulation program with integratedcircuit emphasis
SRM Switched reluctance motor
SSSC Static synchronous series compensator
STATCOM Static compensator
SVC,SVG Static Var compensator/generator
SVPWM Space vector pulse width modulation
SWM Square-wave mode
THD Total harmonic distortion
TLI Three level inverter
THIPWM Third-harmonic injection pulse width modulation
UPFC Unifiedpower flow controller
UPS Uninterruptible power supplies
VC Voltage compensator
VSI Voltage source inverter
ZCS Zero currentswitching
ZVS Zero voltageswitching