Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials: Preparation, Properties, Applications PDF
Preview Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials: Preparation, Properties, Applications
Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials Susheel Kalia Krzysztof Pielichowski Editors Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials Preparation, Properties, Applications Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials Series editor Susheel Kalia, Army Cadet College Wing, Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, India More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/13173 Susheel Kalia Krzysztof Pielichowski (cid:129) Editors Polymer/POSS Nanocomposites and Hybrid Materials Preparation, Properties, Applications 123 Editors SusheelKalia Krzysztof Pielichowski ArmyCadet CollegeWing Department ofChemistry Indian Military Academy andTechnology of Polymers Dehradun, India CracowUniversity of Technology Kraków,Poland ISSN 2364-1878 ISSN 2364-1886 (electronic) SpringerSeries onPolymer andComposite Materials ISBN978-3-030-02326-3 ISBN978-3-030-02327-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02327-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018960349 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2018 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinor for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface This book provides an overview about polymer nanocomposites and hybrid materials with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). Among inorganic nanoparticles,functionalizedPOSSareuniquenanobuildingblocksthatcanbeused tocreateawidevarietyofhybridandcompositematerials,whereprecisecontrolof nanostructures and properties is required. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes have the general formula (RSiO1.5)n, where n is an integer and R can be a large numberofsubstituentsincludinghydrogen,alkyl,aryl,alkenyl,phenyl,halogenand siloxy groups. Incorporation of POSS moieties into (organic) polymer matrix influencesonthemechanical,thermalandflammabilitybehaviourofcompositesand hybridorganic–inorganic materialsinwhich thecomponents are intimately mixed, where at least one of the component domains has a dimension ranging from a few tenstoseveralnanometres,andtherearechemicalbonds(covalentoriono-covalent bonds) between the components. Importantly, POSS-containing materials can be biofunctionalized by linking, e.g., peptides and growth factors through appropriate surface modification in order to enhance the hemocompatibility of cardiovascular devices made of these materials. This reference work includes a description of synthesis routes of POSS and POSS-containing polymeric materials (e.g. based on polyolefins, epoxies, polyurethanes and polyamides), as well as presentation of POSS role as reinforcing agent and flame retardant. Finally, decomposition and ageing processes are outlined. Themainobjectiveofthisbookistoexplicatesomeimportantfeaturesofpolymer nanocomposites and hybrid materials with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. The first chapter of this book discusses main synthetic approaches used to prepare completely and partially condensed polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes such as sol–gel technique, microwave irradiation procedures. A brief description of the characterization techniques usedtoanalysethepropertiesofPOSSisalsoreported here.Chapter“DesignandSynthesisofHybridMaterialswithPOSS”aimstoprovide the essential aspects related to design and fabrication of organic–inorganic hybrid structure based on polymeric materials and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. Chapter “Self-assembly of POSS-Containing Materials” presents an overview of selectedcontributionstothefieldofPOSS-basednanohybridmaterials.Thischapter v vi Preface discussed 3D nanonetworks, templating with POSS, POSS-containing hybrid materials for optoelectronics, supramolecular bioactive POSS nanoassemblies and self-assemblyofPOSSattheinterface. Chapters“PolyolefinswithPOSS”to“DielectricPropertiesofEpoxy/POSSand PE/POSS Systems” include the polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyamides and epoxies-basednanocompositeswithpolyhedraloligomericsilsesquioxanes,respec- tively. Various mechanical, thermal, dielectric properties of POSS-containing polymer-based nanocomposites are also discussed in these chapters. Chapter “PorousHybridMaterialswithPOSS”highlightstheporoushybridmaterialsbased on polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. This chapter reviews the properties and importance of porosity of POSS and POSS hybrid materials. Chapter “Rubbers Reinforced by POSS” presents an extensive overview of rubbers reinforced with POSS.TheroleofPOSSsurfacefunctionalgroupsincontrollingthepropertiesofthe synthesized rubber composites is discussed in this chapter. Chapter “POSS as Fire Retardant” summarizes the latest development on the POSS-based fire-retardant polymercompositematerialsmainlyintermsoftheclassofpolymersincludingepoxy resins, polycarbonates, polyesters, polyolefins, polystyrene, polyurethanes, vinyl esters,acrylicsandcottonfabrics.InChapter“POSSHybridMaterialsforMedical Applications”, POSS hybrid materials for medical applications, including dental materials,drugdeliverysystems,tissueengineeringapplicationsandbioimaging,are described. Importantly, POSS structure and properties, especially its non-toxicity, make it possible to apply this kind of nanoparticles for suitable modification of materials for use in medicine and pharmacy. The role of organic–inorganic hybrid materials with POSS for coating applications has been described in Chapter “Organic–InorganicHybridMaterialswithPOSSforCoatings”.TheeffectofPOSS addition on themechanical, surface, flame retardant and corrosion resistance prop- ertiesisalsodiscussedinthischapter.Chapter“DecompositionandAgeingofHybrid MaterialswithPOSS”discussesthedecompositionandageingofPOSS-basedhybrid materials.ThermalbehaviourofmostcommonPOSS–polymercomposites,namely epoxies,polypropylene,polystyrene,polylactide,polyimidesandpolyurethane,has beenreportedinthischapter. All the 13 chapters in this book are contributed by renowned researchers from academiaandresearchlaboratoriesacrosstheworld.Itshouldbeausefulsourcefor scientists, academicians, research scholars, material engineers and industries. This bookwillbesupportiveforundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentsinInstitutesof Polymer Science & other Technical Institutes, and Technologists & Researchers from R&D laboratories working in this area. The editors would like to express their gratitude to all the chapter contributors, who have contributed to this interdisciplinary book. Both the editors would like to thank their research teams for helping them in the editorial work. Finally, we gratefully acknowledge permissions to reproduce copyright materials from a number of sources. Dehradun, India Susheel Kalia Kraków, Poland Krzysztof Pielichowski Contents Synthesis Routes of POSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Enrico Boccaleri and Fabio Carniato Design and Synthesis of Hybrid Materials with POSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Ayesha Kausar Self-assembly of POSS-Containing Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Anna Kowalewska Polyolefins with POSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 M. Pracella Polyurethane/POSS Hybrid Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Edyta Hebda and Krzysztof Pielichowski POSS-Containing Polyamide-Based Nanocomposites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Biswajit Sarkar Dielectric Properties of Epoxy/POSS and PE/POSS Systems . . . . . . . . . 233 Eric David and Thomas Andritsch Porous Hybrid Materials with POSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Sasikumar Ramachandran and Alagar Muthukaruppan Rubbers Reinforced by POSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Anna Kosmalska and Marian Zaborski POSS as Fire Retardant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 Ming Hui Chua, Hui Zhou and Jianwei Xu POSS Hybrid Materials for Medical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 Hossein Yahyaei, Mohsen Mohseni and H. Ghanbari vii viii Contents Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Materials with POSS for Coatings. . . . . . . . 395 Hossein Yahyaei and Mohsen Mohseni Decomposition and Ageing of Hybrid Materials with POSS. . . . . . . . . . 415 Ignazio Blanco About the Editors Dr. Susheel Kalia isanAssociateProfessorandHead intheDepartmentofChemistryatArmyCadetCollege WingofIndianMilitaryAcademy,Dehradun,India.He was a Visiting Researcher in the Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering at the University of Bologna, Italy, in 2013 and held a position as Assistant Professor in the Department of Chemistry at the Bahra University and Shoolini University,India,until2015.Hehasaround80research articlesininternationaljournalsalongwith11booksand 11chaptersinhisacademiccareer.Hisresearchinterests includepolymericcomposites,bio-andnanocomposites, conducting polymers, nanofibres, nanoparticles, hybrid materials and hydrogels. He is an experienced book editor, and he has edited a number of successful books (with Springer and Wiley), such as “Cellulose Fibers: Bio- and Nano-Polymer Composites”, “Polymers at CryogenicTemperatures”,“PolysaccharideBasedGraft Copolymers”, “Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanoma- terials”, “Polymeric Hydrogels as Smart Biomaterials”, “Biopolymers: Environmental and Biomedical Applications”, “Polymer Nanocomposites based on OrganicandInorganicNanomaterials”,“Biodegradable Green Composites”. He is the main editor of the “Springer Series on Polymer and Composite Materials”. In addition, he is a member of a number of professionalorganizations,includingtheAsianPolymer Association,IndianCryogenicsCouncil,theSocietyfor PolymerScience,IndianSocietyofAnalyticalScientists andtheInternationalAssociationofAdvancedMaterials. ix
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