Polymeric Separation Media

277 Pages·1982·7.974 MB·English

by  I. J. Brass, P. Meares (auth.), Anthony R. Cooper Ph.D., FRSC (eds.)

POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 16
POLYMERie
SEPARATION
MEDIA
POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Editorial Board:
William J. Bailey. University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
J. P. Berry. Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain,
Shawbury, Shrewsbury, England
A. T. DiBenedetto. The University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
C. A. J. Hoeve. Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
Yöichi Ishida, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
Frank E. Karasz. University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
Osias Solomon. Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Recent volumes in the series:
Volume 8 POLYMERS IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
Edited by Richard L. Kronenthai, Zale Oser. and E. Martin
Volume 9 ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Parts A and B)
Edited by Lieng-Huang Lee
Volume 1 0 POLYMER ALLOYS: Blends. Blocks. Grafts, and Interpenetrating Networks
Edited by Daniel Klempner and Kurt C. Frisch
Volume 11 POLYMER ALLOYS 11: Blends, Blocks, Grafts, and Interpenetrating Networks
Edited by Daniel Klempner and Kurt C. Frisch
Volume 12 ADHESION AND ADSORPTION OF POLYMERS (Parts A and B)
Edited by Lieng-Huang Lee
Volume 13 ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES AND APPLICATIONS
Edited by Anthony R. Cooper
Volume 14 BIOMEDICAL AND DENTAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS
Edited by Charles G. Gebelein and Frank F. Koblitz
Volume 1 5 CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
Edited by Raymond B. Seymour
Volume 16 POL YMERIC SEPARATION MEDIA
Edited by Anthony R. Cooper
A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring
delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon
Betual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher.
POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 16
POLYMERie
SEPARATION
MEDIA
Edited by
Anthony R. Cooper
Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc.
Palo Alto Research Laboratory
Palo Alto, California
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publieation Data
Main entry under title:
Polymerie separation media.
(Polymer seienee and teehnology; v. 16)
"Colleetion of manuseripts based on presentations at a symposium ... organized
for the seeond Chemieal Congress of the North Ameriean Continent held in Las
Vegas, August 24-29, 1980."
Ineludes bibliographieal referenees and index.
1. Membranes ~Teehnology)-Congresses. 2. Polymers and polymerization
Congresses. I. Cooper, Anthony R. 11. Chemieal Congress of the N.orth Ameriean
Continent (2nd: 1980: Las Vegas, Nev.) 111. Series.
TP159.M4P64 660.2'8423 82-3668
ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-3373-9 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-3371-5
001: 10.1007/978-1-4613-3371-5
AACR2
Based on the proeeedings of a symposium on Polymerie Separation Media,
organized for the Seeond Chemieal Congress of the North Ameriean Continent,
and held August 24 - 29, 1980, in Las Vegas, Nevada
© 1982 Plenum Press, New York
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1982
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reprodueed, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, eleetronie, meehanieal, photoeopying, mierofilming,
reeording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
This volume is a eoLleetion of manuseripts based on presenta
tions at a symposium "Polymerie Separation Media" organized for
the Seeond Chemieal Congress of the North Ameriean Continent held
in Las Vegas, August 24-29, 1980.
The symposium was organized to bring together researehers in
the expanding field of separations based on polymerie media. A
diverse eross-seetion of re.seareh areas were presented, whieh were
linked by the aetive separation agent being a polymerie material.
I would like to thank the authors for their endeavours and
the audienee for their partieipation, espeeially in light of the
late change of venue for this meeting. Finally I am indebted to
the Division of Polymer Chemistry Ine. of the Ameriean Chemieal
Soeiety for their sponsorship.
Anthony R. Cooper, Ph.D., FRSC
Palo Alto, California
July 1981
v
CONTENTS
DEDICATION TO BAREND H. J. HOFSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
PART I
TRANSPORT IN POLYMERIC MEDIA
Some Condiserations Regarding the
Hyperfi1teration of Organic Liquids. 7
I. J. Bass and P. Meares
Measurement of Transport Interaction
in Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
K. S. Spiegier, T. S. Brun and A. Berg
Free Vo1ume Estimates in Crysta11ine
and Fi11ed Polymers . . .. .............. 21
H. L. Frisch and A. I. Kreituss
Diffusion Coefficients of Po1ystyrenes
in Porous Gels From Mass Transfer
Dispersion in Gel Permeation
Chromatography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
J. V. Dawkins and G. Yeadon
Mechanism of Gas Perrneation Through
Porous Polymerie Membrane ..•....•• 35
K. Kamide, S. Manabe, T. Nohmi, H. Makino,
H. Narita and T. Kawai
Composite Ho1low Fiber Membranes for
Gas Separation: The Resistance
Model Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . . . 75
J. M. S. Henis and M. K. Tripodi
vii
viii
CONTENTS
PART I!
FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERS AS SEPARATION MEDIA
Purification of Enzymes by Affinity Chromatography . 79
S. Katoh, M. Shiozawa and E. Sada
Hydrophobie and Other Non-Ionic Parameters in Protein
Separation and Adsorptive Immobi1ization by
Substituted Agaroses . . • • • • • • • • 87
B. H. J. Hofstee
Use of Synthetic Chemica1 Ligands for Affinity Chromatography
of Proteins . • . •• .•.• • • • • • • • • . 93
S. P. Fu1ton and E. R. Car1son
Separation of Amines and Acids by Sterica~ly Hindered
Polymers . • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • 111
Y. Okamoto, M. Khojasteh and C. J. Hou
Polymerie Separation Media. New Functiona1ized Polymers
for the Se1ective Removal of Haptens from Comp1ex
Organic Mixtures • . • • . . ••• 117
J. M. J. Frechet and C. Benezra
Comparative Performance of Microparticu1ate Packings for
Aqueous Steric Exc1usion Chromatography . . • • • • 123
T. V. Alfredson, C. T. Wehr and L. Ta11man
PART II!
POLYMERIC MEMBRANES AS SEPARATION MEDIA
Eff1uent Free E1ectro1ytic Regeneration of Ion Exchange
Resins •. •••• • . . • • • • • .•••••• 145
H. Strathmann and K. Kock
An Ultrafiltration Device for Free/Bound Drug Analysis • • • • 159
C. W. Desau1niers, S. Sternberg, C. E. Pippenger
and C. M. Garlock
Microporous Membranes and Crossf1ow Filtration of
Macromo1ecu1es and Partic1es • • • • .• • ••••• 173
P. D. Lind1ey, W. P. 01son and M. R. Faith
Purification of Polymerie Dyes by Ultrafiltration 191
A. R. Cooper, D. P. Matzinger and R. G. Booth
CONTENTS ix
Physico-Chemical Characterization of Enzyme -
Loaded Cellulose Acetate Membranes • • • . • . • . . • • 203
W. Pusch and S. Kato
PART IV
NOVEL POLYMERIC SEPARATION MEDIA: STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
Novel Water Treatment Processes Which Involve Polymers • . . • 211
B. A. Bolto
Synthesis and Thermal Regeneration of Polymerie
Crown Ethers • • • • .• ...•..•......• 227
A. Warshawsky .and N. Kahana
Ion-Selective Polymerie-Membrane Electrodes with
Immobilized Ion-Exchange Sites • • . . ..•.•. • 233
G. C. Corfield, L. Ebdon and A. T. Ellis
Characterization of Polyacrylamide Gels by Dynamic Light
Scattering Under the Microscope . • . . . . . . . . 247
N. Weiss
Thermal Crosslinking of a Chemically-Modified Ionomer . .• 257
M. J. Covitch, S. R. Lowry, C. L. Gray and B. Blackford
Characterization of Ionically Crosslinked Polyacrylic
Acid Membranes • • . . • • . . . . • . • . • . • . • . • 269
A. C. Habert, N. Jarvis, C. M. Burns and
R. Y. M. Huang
List of Contributors . • • • • • . • • . . . • . . • . • • • . 271
Index . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . • . • • • . . . . . . 275
DEDICATION
B.R.J. Rofstee (B.S., Doctorandus, Ph.D., all from the
University of Groningen, The Netherlands) was Chief of the Division
of Biochemistry, Palo Alto Medical Research Foundation. During
his 30 year tenure at the Foundation, Barend acquired an inter
national reputation for fundamental studies on esterases. Re is
best known for the "Rofstee plot" of second-order reactions and
for the invention and development of hydrophobie chromatography
of macromolecules.
Bärend was preparing a manuscript for this symposium at the
time of his death. In view of his contributions to modern science
and his earned reputation as agentieman of quality, we dedicate
this volume to his memory.
Barend H.J. Hofstee 1912 - 1980