Political Cohesion in a Fragile Mosaic - The Yugoslav experience PDF
Preview Political Cohesion in a Fragile Mosaic - The Yugoslav experience
Political Cohesion in a Fragile Mosaic Westview Replica Editions The concept of Westview Replica Editions is a response to the continuing crisis in academic and informational publishing. Li brary budgets for books have been severely curtailed. Ever larger portions of general library budgets are being diverted from the purchase of books and used for data banks, computers, micromedia, and other methods of information retrieval. Interlibrary loan structures further reduce the edition sizes required to satisfy the needs of the scholarly community. Economic pressures on the university presses and the few private scholarly publishing companies have severely limited the capacity of the industry to properly serve the academic and research communities. As a result, many manuscripts dealing with important subjects, often repre senting the highest !eve! of scholarship, are no longer econom ically viable publishing projects--or, if accepted for publica tion, are typically subject to lead times ranging from one to three years. Westview Replica Editions are our practical solution to the problem. We accept a manuscript in camera-ready form, typed ac cording to our specifications, and move it immediately into the production process. As always, the selection criteria include the importance of the subject, the work's contribution to scholarship, and its insight, originality of thought, and excellence of ex position. The responsibility for editing and proofreading lies with the author or sponsoring institution. We prepare chapter headings and display pages, file for copyright, and obtain Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. A detailed manual contains simple instructions for preparing the final typescript, and our editorial staff is always available to answer questions. The end result is a book printed on acid-free paper and bound in sturdy library-quality soft covers. We manufacture these books ourselves using equipment that does not require a lengthy make ready process and that allows us to publish first editions of 300 to 600 copies and to reprint even smaller quantities as needed. Thus, we can produce Replica Editions quickly and can keep even very specialized books in print as long as there is a demand for them. About the Book and Authors Political Cohesion in a Fragile Mosaic: The Yugoslav Experience Lenard Cohen and Paul Warwick This book represents the first comprehensive empirical in vestigation of political cohesion in the multi-ethnic state of Yugoslavia, covering the entire period from the nation's inde pendence to the present. The authors base their analysis on an extensive body of aggregate voting- data from elections during both the preconununist and communist periods and on their own field research in Yugoslavia. Drs. Cohen and Warwick categorize the country's sixty-year course of political development into distinct periods to assess the influence of each regime's pol icies and strategies for managing cultural diversity. Using cen sus data on ethnic composition and on economic development, they demonstrate how cultural identity and modernization affect political behavior and incorporation. Beyond offering a general evaluation of Yugoslavia's past and present experience with po litical cohesion, the book's sophisticated methodological ap proach may prove useful for the study of other political systems. Dr. Cohen is co-editor of Communist Systems in Comparative Perspective and Dr. Warwick is the author of The French Popular Front: A Legislative Analysis. Both authors are associate professors of political science at Simon Fraser University, Bri tish Columbia - FOR OUR PARENTS FANNIE AND LOUIS COHEN JEAN AND SIDNEY WARWICK Political Cohesion in a Fragile Mosaic The Yugoslav Experience Lenard Cohen and Paul \Varwick Westview Press I Boulder, ColoraJo A West;vieLJ Reptica Edition All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Copyright © 1983 by Westview Press, Inc. Published in 1983 in the United States of America by Westview Press, Inc. 5500 Central Avenue Boulder, Colorado 80301 Frederick A. Praeger, President and Publisher Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Cohen, Lenard J . Political cohesion in a fragile mosaic. (A Westview replica edition) Bibliography: p. 1 . Elections--Yugoslavia--History. 2. Yugoslavia--Politics and government--1918-1945. 3. Yugoslavia--Politics and government-- 1945- 4. Minorities--Yugoslavia--Political activity-- History. 5. Political stability--Yugoslavia--History. I. Warwick, Paul. II. Title. JN9679 .A15C63 1983 320.9497 83-6585 ISBN 0-86531-967-7 Printed and bound in the United States of America 1098765432 Contents List of Tables viii list of Figures Preface xi THE STUDY OF POLITICAL COHESION: A NEGLECTED ISSUE TliE MANAGEMENT OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY: THEORY AND CASE STUDY DIVERSITY AND DIVERGENCE: YUGOSLAVIA IN THE INTERWAR YEARS 27 THE COMMUNISTS AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY 51 INCORPORATION UNDER COMMUNISM, 1950-1969 73 ONE PARTY, MANY CHOICES: PLURALIST SOCIALISM IN THE 1960s 103 CONSOLIDATION WITHOUT COHESION: POLITICAL STABILITY IN A FRAGILE MOSAIC 139 APPENDIXES A. The Ethnic Composition of Yugoslavia 163 B. Entropy Tests of Interwar Yugoslav Elections 167 C. Data Matching and the Definition of Standardized Regional Units 177 D. Ecological Fallacy Tests of Postwar Electoral and Census Data 181 REFERENCES 187 INDEX 195 vii Tables Table 2.1 The Yugoslav Population by Economic Sector 22 2.2 Per Capita National Income 23 3.1 Regression Test of the Entropy Hypothesis, 1920 to 1927 National Elections 36 3.2 Party-Choice Entropy by Republic, 1920 to 1927 Elections 38 3.3 Regression Test of the Entropy Hypothesis, 1935 Election 44 3.4 Party-Choice Entropy by Republic, 1935 Election 47 4.1 The Ethnic and Regional Composition of Partisan Veterans as of 31 December 1977 64 5.1 Analysis of Variance of Constituency Invalidation Levels by Republic, Federal Elections of I 950 to 1969 81 5.2 Analysis of Variance of Constituency Invalidation Levels by Region, Federal Elections of 1950 to I 969 84 5.3 Inter-Election Correlations Among Regional Invalidation Levels, Federal Elections of 1950 to 1969 85 5.4 Change in Ballot Invalidation by Year of 1965/67 Election 86 5.5 Analysis of Variance of Invalidation Levels by Region and Turnout Levels, Federal Elections of 1953 to 1969 88 5.6 Multiple Regression of Invalidation Levels per Region (1950-1969) on Demographic Variables 93 5.7 Relative Effects of Ethnic, Economic, and Political Factors on Regional Invalidation Levels, Elections of 1950 to 1969 95 5.8 Regression Analysis of Change in Regional Invalidation Levels, 1963 to 1965/67 and 1965/67 to 1969 97 5.9 Invalidation per Constituency by Region, Number of Candidates and Turnout, Federal EJections of 1953, 1958, 1965/67, and 1969 99 6.1 Candidate Choice for Popularly-Elected Legislative Chambers, by Level of Government and Stage of the Nomination Process, 1963 to 1969 105 6.2 Available Data by Constituency for Republican Elections of 1963, 1965/67, and 1969 107 6.3 Comparative Analysis of Federal and Republic-Level Invalidation Levels, 1969 Elections 109 6.4 The Occupational Composition of Candidates and Elected Deputies to the Republican Assemblies in I 969 111 viii
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