Pleasure and Change: The Aesthetics of Canon FRANK KERMODE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Pleasure and Change The Berkeley Tanner Lectures The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, which honour the American scholar, industrialist, and philanthropist Obert Clark Tanner, are pre- sented annually at each of nine universities in the United States and England. They were established at the University of California, Berkeley, beginning in the 2000/1 academic year. This volume is the second in a series of books based on the Berkeley Tanner Lectures. In this volume we include the lectures that Frank Kermode presented in November 2001, along with the responses of the three invited com- mentators on that occasion—Geoffrey Hartman, John Guillory, and CareyPerloff—andafinalrejoinderbyProfessorKermode.Thevolume is edited by Robert Alter, who also contributes an Introduction. We haveestablished theBerkeley TannerLecturesSeries inthebelief that thesedistinguishedlectures,togetherwiththelivelydebatesstimulated by their presentation in Berkeley, deserve to be made available to a wider audience. Additional volumes are now in preparation. Robert Post Samuel Scheffler SeriesEditors VolumesPublishedintheSeries JosephRaz,ThePracticeofValue EditedbyR.JayWallace WithChristineM.Korsgaard,RoberetPippin,andBernardWilliams Pleasure and Change The Aesthetics of Canon FRANK KERMODE With Commentaries by Geoffrey Hartman John Guillory Carey Perloff Edited and Introduced by Robert Alter 1 2004 1 Oxford NewYork Auckland Bangkok BuenosAires CapeTown Chennai DaresSalaam Delhi HongKong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Mumbai Nairobi Sa˜oPaulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Copyright#inthisvolumeTheRegentsoftheUniversityofCalifornia2004 ‘‘PleasureandChange:TheAestheticsofCanon’’byFrankKermodewasdeliveredasa TannerLectureonHumanValuesattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,2001. PrintedwithpermissionoftheTannerLecturesonHumanValues,acorporation, UniversityofUtah,SaltLakeCity,Utah,USA. PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc. 198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016 www.oup.com OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise, withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Kermode,Frank,1919– Pleasureandchange:theaestheticsofcanon/FrankKermode withcommentariesbyGeoffreyHartman,JohnGuillory, CareyPerloff;editedandintroducedbyRobertAlter. p.cm.—(TheBerkeleyTannerlectures) Includesindex. ISBN0-19-517137-3 1.Canon(Literature)2.Literature—Psychologicalaspects. I.Alter,Robert.II.Title.III.Series. PN81.K4252004 809—dc22 2003060974 WallaceStevensreprintedfromTheCollectedPoemsofWallaceStevens byWallaceStevens,copyright1954byWallaceStevensandrenewed1982 byHollyStevens.UsedbypermissionofAlfredA.Knopf, adivisionofRandomHouse,Inc. 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica onacid-freepaper Contents List of Contributors vii Introduction 3 Robert Alter PLEASURE AND CHANGE Frank Kermode Pleasure 15 Change 32 COMMENTS The Passing of the Canon 53 Geoffrey Hartman It Must Be Abstract 65 John Guillory The Artist and the Canon 76 Carey Perloff vi (cid:1) Contents REPLY TO COMMENTATORS Frank Kermode On the Comments of the Discussants 85 Index 93 List of Contributors Sir Frank Kermode is Professor Emeritus of English at the University of Cambridge. One of the preeminent critics in the English-speakingworld,hehas written on abroad range oftopics fromthe New TestamenttoShakespeare,theRomantics,Wallace Stevens, and literary theory. Among his many books, three that are especially relevant to the issue of canon formation are The Classic, Forms of Attention, and History and Value. Robert Alter isProfessorofHebrewandComparativeLiterature attheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.Hisworkhasbeencon- cernedwiththeEuropeanandAmericannovel,withliteraryaspects of the Hebrew Bible, and with literary history and theory. Two of his bookspertinent tothe subject of this volume areThe Pleasures ofReadinginanIdeologicalAgeandCanonandCreativity. John Guillory is Professor of English and Chair of the Department of English at New York University. He is the author of three volumes of criticism, What’s Left of Theory?, Poetic Authority, and Cultural Capital: The Problem of Literary Canon Formation.Thelastofthesehasexertedconsiderableinfluenceon current discussions of the canon. Geoffrey Hartman, Professor Emeritus of English and Com- parative Literature at Yale University, is the author of some two dozen books and has been one of the leading interpreters of English Romantic poetry. His early study of Wordsworth, Hopkins, Rilke, and Vale´ry, The Unmediated Vision, is a seminal work, and he has devoted a series of important volumes to the stateofliterarycriticism,Frenchpoststructuralistthought,remem- bering the Holocaust, and related topics. viii (cid:1) List of Contributors Carey Perloff is Artistic Director of the American Conser- vatory Theater in San Francisco, one of the country’s leading repertory companies. Under her directorship A.C.T. has mounted a wide variety of critically acclaimed productions, from the Greek tragedians to Shakespeare to Tom Stoppard and younger con- temporaries. Pleasure and Change
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