Pipe Drafting and Design

478 Pages·2021·99.062 MB·English

by  Roy A. Parisher, Robert A. Rhea

PIPE DRAFTING
AND DESIGN
PIPE DRAFTING
AND DESIGN
FOURTH EDITION
R A. P R A. R
OY ARISHER AND OBERT HEA
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To Kathy
Iam mybeloved’s, andmy beloved ismine. Roy
Contents
Preface xi TheStub-in 28
Stub-inReinforcements 29
Acknowledgments xiii
Coupling 33
Reducers 34
Chapter 1. Overview of Pipe Drafting and DrawingSymbolsfortheConcentricandEccentric
Design 1 Reducer 38
DrawingtheReducers 38
ProjectTypes 1
WeldCap 38
WhoHiresPipeDraftersandDesigners? 1
UseofFittings 39
ArchitecturalFirms 1
ApplyingFittingMake-UpDimensions 40
ConstructionCompanies 2
ThreadedandSocket-WeldFittings 41
EngineeringCompanies 2
Fittings 43
FabricationCompanies 2
Unions 43
OperatingCompanies 2
Plug 44
PreparingtoBeaPipeDrafter 3
Coupling 44
PipeNipples 44
Chapter 2. Steel Pipe 5 Swage 46
FlangedFittings 48
HistoryofPipe 5
CastIronFittings 48
PipingMaterials 5
PlasticFittings 48
ManufacturingMethods 5
FittingExerciseInstructionsandInformation 48
SizingofPipe 6
Chapter3DrawingExercises 51
WallThickness 6
MethodsofJoiningPipe 7
Butt-WeldConnections 8
Chapter 4. Flange Basics 61
ThreadedConnections 9
Socket-WeldConnections 9 RatingFlanges 61
CastIronPipe 9 FlangeFacings 61
JoiningCastIronPipe 10 FlatFace 62
PlasticPipe 11 RaisedFace 62
JoiningPlasticPipe 11 Ring-TypeJoint 63
DrawingPipe 12 FlangeTypes 64
Chapter2ReviewQuiz 13 WeldNeckFlange 64
DrawingtheWeldNeckFlange 65
Slip-onFlange 66
Chapter 3. Pipe Fittings 15 Lap-jointFlange 66
90(cid:1) Elbows 16 ThreadedFlange 67
Socket-WeldFlange 67
Long-RadiusElbow 16
DrawingSymbolsforthe90(cid:1) Long-RadiusElbow 17 ReducingFlange 67
Drawingthe90(cid:1) Long-RadiusElbow 18 BlindFlange 69
OrificeFlange 70
Short-RadiusElbow 18
Bolts 71
DrawingSymbolsfortheShort-RadiusElbow 18
Gaskets 72
ReducingElbows 18
Chapter4ReviewQuiz 76
MiteredElbows 19
ExerciseInformation 78
DrawingSymbolsforMiteredElbows 20
45(cid:1) Elbows 20 Chapter4DrawingExercises 78
DrawingSymbolsforthe45(cid:1) Elbow 21 DrawingFlanges 78
Drawingthe45(cid:1) Elbow 21
90(cid:1) ElbowsRolledat45(cid:1) 21
Chapter 5. Valves 87
WeldTee 21
DrawingSymbolsfortheWeldTee 26 WhatisaValve? 87
DrawingtheWeldTee 27 CommonValveTypes 87
vii
viii CONTENTS
GateValves 87 GeneralPipingSpecifications 176
DrawingtheGateValve 90 SpecificationClasses 180
GlobeValves 90 Abbreviations 194
AngleValves 90 PipingAbbreviations 194
CheckValves 92 Chapter8ReviewQuiz 197
BallValve 94
PlugValve 94
ButterflyValve 94 Chapter 9. Equipment Layout 199
ReliefValves 95 PlantCoordinateSystem 199
ControlValve 96 PlantElevations 200
ValveOperators 97 SitePlans 202
Actuators 100 UnitPlotPlan 207
Chapter5ReviewQuiz 102 EquipmentLocationDrawing 207
ExerciseInformation 102 FoundationLocationDrawing 207
Chapter5DrawingExercises 105 PipingDrawingIndex 207
DrawingValves 105 Chapter9ReviewQuiz 212
Chapter9DrawingExercises 213
Chapter 6. Mechanical Equipment 119
Chapter 10. Piping Arrangement Drawings,
TypesofEquipment 119
Vessels 119 Sections, and Elevations 217
Ladders,Cages,andPlatforms 123
ArrangementDrawings 217
Pumps 123
ResponsibilitiesofthePipingDesigner 217
PumpDrivers 126
InformationSourcesforPipingArrangementDrawings 217
Compressors 127
LayoutProcedures 218
Exchangers 127
PipingArrangementDrawingLayout 218
CoolingTowers 133
Routing 245
Heaters/Boilers 135
Dimensioning 268
TypesofMechanicalEquipment 137
DimensioningGuidelines 268
EquipmentinUse 138
PipingSectionsandElevations:WhatareThey? 268
EquipmentTerminology 143
HeightReferences 269
VendorDataDrawings 148
WheretoBegin? 269
DrawingEquipment 148
NamedElevations 269
DrawingtheHorizontalVessel 153
DetailDrawings 274
Drawingthe2:1SemiellipticalHead 153
PipeLineList 276
Chapter6ReviewQuiz 153
Chapter10ReviewQuiz 279
Chapter6DrawingExercises 153
Chapter10DrawingExercises 279
Exercises:DrawingEquipment 153
Exercises:Plans,Elevations,andSections 279
Chapter 7. Flow Diagrams and Chapter 11. Standard Piping Details 281
Instrumentation 155
PipeRackSpacing 281
UsesofFlowDiagrams 155 DrawingPipeintheRack 281
TypeofFlowDiagrams 155 PipeFlexibility 281
ProcessFlowDiagram 155 PlanningforHeatExpansion 283
MechanicalFlowDiagram 156 PipeAnchors 285
TheUtilityFlowDiagram 156 PipeInsulationShoes 285
FlowDiagramInstruments 156 PipeGuides 287
InstrumentTypes 159 PipeSupports 287
FlowDiagramSymbols 159 FieldSupports 288
FlowPlanArrangement 160 DummySupports 289
Chapter7ReviewQuiz 167 HangerRods 289
ExerciseInformation 167 SpringHangers 289
Exercises1,2,and3 167 Pick-upPipeSupports 289
Chapter7DrawingExercises 169 Chapter11ReviewQuiz 300
Chapter 8. Codes and Specifications 175 Chapter 12. Piping Systems 301
Codes 175 PlantUtilities 301
Specifications 176 WaterSystems 301
CONTENTS ix
SteamandCondensate 301 Chapter 14. 3D Piping Models and
FuelOilandFuelGas 302
As-Built Drawings 351
FlareSystems 302
AirSystems 302 Advantagesof3DModeling 351
ControlValveManifolds 302 CheckingforInterferences 351
UtilityStations 305 GeneratingDrawingsAutomaticallyFromaModel 355
MeterRuns 306 GeneratingIsometricDrawingsAutomatically 356
SewerandUndergroundPipingSystems 308 Computer-AidedEngineeringofModels 356
SewerSystems 309 As-BuiltDrawingsforFieldVerificationandRevision 356
UndergroundPipingSystems 309 3DLaserScanning 362
Chapter12ReviewQuiz 310
Chapter12Exercise 310
Chapter 15. Project Coordination and
Exercises:MeterRunCalculations 310
Development 363
ProcessandInstrumentDiagrams(P&ID) 364
Chapter 13. Piping Isometrics 313 PipingArrangementDrawingsWithElevations 367
FoundationandEquipmentLocationDrawings 374
WhatisanIsometric? 313
MechanicalEquipment:VendorDrawings 380
IsometricOrientation 316
MechanicalEquipment:Footings,Foundations,and
DrawingPipingIsometrics 317
Pedestals 400
IsometricDimensions,Notes,andCallouts 320
MainPipeRackandMiscellaneousPipeSupports:Plans,
IsometricDimensions 320
Elevations,andDetails 412
IsometricNotesandCallouts 320
ElectricalDrawings:LightingandPowerSupplyandGrounding
IsometricOffsets 320
Plan 417
DimensioningOffsets 322
3DModelViews:Units01,02,03,and04 425
MultiangleOffsets 323
RollingOffsets 325
Appendix 429
DimensioningRollingOffsets 326
PipeStressAnalysis 329 Glossary 469
Chapter13ReviewQuiz 330 Index 477
Chapter13DrawingExercises 331
Preface
This book provides students with the essential skills therefore, to master the concepts in a given chapter
and knowledge they need to prepare a variety of pip- before proceeding to the next. Each chapter concludes
ing drawings, solve basic design calculations, and with exercises and questions designed to help the stu-
develop 3D models. Its step-by-step approach presents dent review and apply the concepts presented in the
the fundamental information an entry-level student chapter. The civil, structural, mechanical, electrical and
needs to begin a successful career in the pipe drafting piping drawings provided in Chapter 10, Piping
discipline. Chapter 1, Overview of Pipe Drafting and Arrangement Drawings, Sections, and Elevations, and
Design, is an overview of the many employment Chapter 15, Project Coordination and Development,
opportunities in drafting and design that await those are provided to help the student understand the inter-
who master the skills presented throughout the book’s action and required collaboration of all disciplines and
remaining chapters. Each chapter builds on the con- theircontribution tothesuccessfuldesign,construction
cepts presented in the preceding one. It is necessary and operationof any petro-industrialfacility.
xi
Acknowledgments
MichaelF. Fox: Fox Logical Learning
R.B. Herrscher: NissekiChemical Texas,Inc.
Alan Human: Flexitallic, Inc.
Kenneth Kluge: PDMS 3D model
xiii
C H A P T E R
1
Overview of Pipe Drafting and Design
Projectmanagers,engineers,senior-leveldesigners,and (cid:129) high-rise residential and office buildings,
client representatives provide input into the operational (cid:129) hospitals,
design of all industrial and commercial facilities. Their (cid:129) offshore drilling platforms,
combined input creates the framework from which 3D (cid:129) petro-chemical and refining facilities,
designmodels,constructiondrawings,andprojectspecifi- (cid:129) pharmaceuticalplants,
cations are developed. Using knowledge and experience (cid:129) pipelineinstallations,
unique to their specific trade discipline, drafters and (cid:129) pulp and paper mills,
designersboundbytheframeworkgiventhem,poolinfor- (cid:129) power generation plants (fossil and solar fueled),
mationfromvarioussourcestodesignafacilitythatmeets (cid:129) shipsandbarges,
the client’s needs. In addition to client requirements, draf- (cid:129) synthetic fuel plants, and
ters and designers must work within the constraints of (cid:129) water treatment facilities.
governmental codes and regulations, established safe con-
Such a wide variety of applications require skills and
struction practices, budget limitations, and completion
knowledgeuniquetothatparticularspecialty.Becauseof
deadlines to generate the 3D models and their associated
the uniqueness of each project type and the geographic
drawings used by construction and fabrication personnel
location of the construction site, drafters and designers
to build any petro-industrial facility and have it success-
mayfindexcitingtravelopportunitiesawaitingthem.
fullycommissionedforserviceonschedule.
It is generally accepted that the responsibility for the
efficient design of a petro-industrial facility falls upon the
WHO HIRES PIPE DRAFTERS AND
pipe design group. Input from other design groups such
DESIGNERS?
as civil, structural, instrumentation, and electrical is incor-
porated throughout the design process. Project coordina-
Avarietyofcompanieshirepipedraftersanddesigners.
tion is essential from all design groups and disciplines.
Althoughtheirtradehasaskillsetwithcommoncharacter-
Sharingdetailedinformationinatimelymannerisimper-
istics, drafters and designers must have project-specific
ativeifprojectcompletiongoalsaretobemet.Asaproject
knowledge. Therefore companies who hire pipe drafters
progresses through various phases of the design process,
and designers may require specific skills unique to their
job-site visits by members of the pipe design group will
project type. Companies that employ pipe drafters and
become necessary. Site visits may be necessary to field-
designersinclude
verifypositions,sizes,andlocationsofcompletedorexist-
ing underground obstructions, structural supports, and (cid:129) architectural firms,
mechanicalequipmentbeforeanypiperoutingcanbegin. (cid:129) construction companies,
(cid:129) engineering companies,
(cid:129) fabrication shops,and
PROJECT TYPES
(cid:129) plant operators/owners.
As a pipe drafter or designer, one can expect to work
onavarietyofdifferentprojects.Theymayinclude
ARCHITECTURAL FIRMS
(cid:129) environmentally safe waste disposalsites,
(cid:129) fertilizerplants, Companiesthatdesigncommercial,multistoryresiden-
(cid:129) food and beverage processing facilities, tial/office buildings employ pipe drafters and designers.
PipeDraftingandDesign.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822047-4.00015-7 1 ©2022ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved.