Physical Science Under Microgravity: Experiments on Board the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

395 Pages·2019·19.81 MB·English

by  Wenrui Hu, Qi Kang

Research for Development
Wenrui Hu · Qi Kang Editors
Physical Science
Under Microgravity:
Experiments on Board
the SJ-10 Recoverable
Satellite
Research for Development
Series Editors
Emilio Bartezzaghi, Milan, Italy
Giampio Bracchi, Milan, Italy
Adalberto Del Bo, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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(EPFL), Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
Enrico Zio,Politecnico diMilano, Milan, Italy;EcoleCentraleParis,Paris,France
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Wenrui Hu Qi Kang
(cid:129)
Editors
Physical Science Under
Microgravity: Experiments
on Board the SJ-10
Recoverable Satellite
123
Editors
Wenrui Hu QiKang
ChineseAcademy of Sciences ChineseAcademy of Sciences
Beijing,China Beijing,China
ISSN 2198-7300 ISSN 2198-7319 (electronic)
Research for Development
ISBN978-981-13-1339-4 ISBN978-981-13-1340-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1340-0
The two books Physical Science Under Microgravity: Experiments on Board the SJ-10 Recoverable
SatelliteandLifeScienceinSpace:ExperimentsonBoardtheSJ-10RecoverableSatelliteareorganized
undertheguidanceoftheChiefScientistofSJ-10satellitemission,Prof.WenruiHu.
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Preface
The SJ-10 recoverable microgravity experimental satellite, the 24th recoverable
satellite of China, was successfully launched on April 6, 2016, completely for the
experiments of microgravity physics and space biology. The recoverable capsule
waslandedsafelyonthegroundafter12daysofthelaunchandtheexperimentsof
cool combustion and fluid physics onboard the un-recoverable capsule continued
for another week afterward. Scientific purpose of the SJ-10 mission is to promote
scientific research in the space microgravity environment by operating the satellite
at lower earth orbit. There are totally 28 space experiments, including 18 experi-
ments in the field of microgravity physics (microgravity fluid physics 6, micro-
gravitycombustion4,andspacematerialsscience8)and10experimentsinthefield
of space biology (radiation biology 3, gravitational biology 3, and space biotech-
nology4).TheSJ-10missionwasarrangedasoneofthefourscientificsatellitesby
the space science program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the “12th
Five-Year-Plan” period (2010–2015).
Microgravity experiments for a long period, which could be performed only in
the space infrastructures such as space station, space shuttle, and satellite, are
essential for the development of microgravity science and space life science. The
recoverable satellite is a useful and efficient tool for space experiments in the
microgravityenvironment,andsuchkindofsatelliteshavebeenlaunchedfirstlyfor
remotesensingobservationfor many years, andthen for microgravity experiments
since thelate 1980sinChina. Many space experiments have beenalso arrangedin
China Manned Space Engineering Program consisting of the spaceships Shenzhou
mission since the late 1990s, the space laboratory mission at the present time, and
then the space station mission in the near future.
ChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)organizedanexpertgroupforthe
microgravity research in the early twenty-first century, and seven panels were
established under the expert group: microgravity fluid physics, microgravity com-
bustion, space material sciences, space fundamental physics, radiation biology,
gravitational biology, and space biotechnology. The program of SJ-8 recoverable
satellite launched on September 9, 2006, was arranged jointly by CNSA and
Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the recoverable capsule was used for the
v
vi Preface
breedingexperimentsasthemainmission,andtheun-recoverablecapsulewasused
for the microgravity research (the results of microgravity research of SJ-8 satellite
werepublishedinaspecialissueofMicrogravityScienceAndTechnology,vol.20,
number 2, August 2008). The program of a microgravity satellite was originally
organized by CNSA in the middle of 2000s. Ten experiments of microgravity
scienceand10experimentsofspacelifesciencewereselectedfrommorethan200
applications in late 2004 and early 2005. The mission proposals of space experi-
ments (including two cooperation experiments in collaboration with the French
Space Agency and one with European Space Agency) were reviewed in October
2005.TheengineeringproposalofsatelliteplatformwasreviewedinMay2006by
CNSA. Then, the demonstration working group on “recoverable satellite of sci-
entificexperimentsforspaceenvironmentutilization”wasformallyorganized,and
the mission was determined as SJ-10. Unfortunately, the demonstrative phase was
stopped after one year due to the reform of CNSA and restarted when the gov-
ernment of China determined to move the national management of scientific
satellite from CNSA to CAS in 2011. The restarted demonstration phase was
completed at the end of 2012, and the engineering phase of program SJ-10 started
sincethebeginningof2013.Accordingtotheschedule,thesatelliteswerepurposed
to be launched at the end of 2015, but it was delayed for 4 months.
A grant for research on the space experiments of SJ-10 missions was found
jointlybyNationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina(NSFC),theCASin2017.
This grant supports the analysis of the space experiments, which the results are
summarized mainly in the present two books: Physical Science Under
Microgravity: Experiments on Board the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite edited by
Profs. Wenrui Hu and Qi Kang, and Life Science in Space: Experiments on Board
theSJ-10RecoverableSatelliteeditedbyProfs.E.K.DuanandM.Long.Thefirst
book contains the results offluid physics, combustion, and materials science, and
the second book consists of the radiation biology, gravitational biology, and bio-
logical technology and biological facility studies.
I am grateful to the authors of these books for their respective contributions, to
thebookeditorsandmissionorganizersfortheiroutstandingwork,andDr.JianLi
andJuneTangofSpringerandY.F.NiuofSciencePressofBeijingfortheirkind
assistanceinpublishingthebooks.ManythanksareduetotheChineseAcademyof
Sciences,NationalSpace Center ofCAS,and NationalNature Science Foundation
of China for their great support.
Beijing, China Wenrui Hu
Chief Scientist of SJ-10 Mission
Contents
Introduction to Physical Sciences Experiments Completed
in SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Wenrui Hu and Qi Kang
System Design and Flight Results of China SJ-10 Recoverable
Microgravity Experimental Satellite. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Huiguang Zhao, Jiawen Qiu and Ying Wang
Granular Clustering Studied in Microgravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Meiying Hou, Wenguang Wang and Qian Jiang
Thermal Dynamics of Growing Bubble and Heat Transfer
in Microgravity Pool Boiling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Wangfang Du, Jianfu Zhao, Huixiong Li, Yonghai Zhang, Jinjia Wei
and Kai Li
Study on Thermocapillary Convection in an Annular Liquid Pool . . . . 101
Li Duan, Qi Kang, Di Wu, Li Zhang, Di Zhang, Huan Jiang, Chu Zhang,
Yongli Yin and Wenrui Hu
Droplet Manipulation and Colloidal Particle Self-assembling
in Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Yuren Wang, Ding Lan and Weibin Li
Influence of Gravity on Inorganic Liquid Crystal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
ZengziWang,YunChen,DejunSun,ShenghuaXu,ZhiweiSun,DingLan
and Yuren Wang
SCCO: Thermodiffusion for the Oil and Gas Industry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Guillaume Galliero, Henri Bataller, Jean-Patrick Bazile, Joseph Diaz,
Fabrizio Croccolo, Hai Hoang, Romain Vermorel, Pierre-Arnaud Artola,
Bernard Rousseau, Velisa Vesovic, M. Mounir Bou-Ali, José M. Ortiz de
Zárate, Shenghua Xu, Ke Zhang, François Montel, Antonio Verga
and Olivier Minster
vii
viii Contents
Ignition and Combustion Characteristics of Overloaded
Wire Insulations Under Weakly Buoyancy or Microgravity
Environments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Wenjun Kong, Kai Wang, Wei Xia and Shao Xue
FlameSpreadinLow-SpeedForcedFlows:Ground-andSpace-Based
Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Shuangfeng Wang and Feng Zhu
Experimental Study on Coal Combustion at Microgravity. . . . . . . . . . . 263
Hai Zhang, Bing Liu, Yang Zhang, Qing Liu, Cheng Zuo, Jialun Chen,
Yu Qiao and Minghou Xu
Material Processing Facilities in Space. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Xiuhong Pan, Fei Ai and Yan Liu
Melt Growth of Semiconductor Crystals Under Microgravity . . . . . . . . 327
Zhigang Yin, Xingwang Zhang, Wei Wang, Xiaoya Li and Jianding Yu
Wetting Behavior and Interfacial Characteristics of High
Temperature Melts Under Microgravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Zhangfu Yuan, Xiangtao Yu, Rongyue Wang, Bingsheng Xu
and Likun Zang
Introduction to Physical Sciences
Experiments Completed in SJ-10
Recoverable Satellite
WenruiHuandQiKang
Abstract SJ-10satelliteistherecoverablescientificexperimentsatellitespecialfor
thespaceexperimentsofmicrogravityphysicsscienceandspacelifescience.This
missionwasofficiallystartedonDecember31,2012,andthesatellitewaslaunched
OnApril6th2016.ThischapterintroducedinbrieflytheSJ-10mission,theprogress
ofSJ-10engineeringandtheprojectsconstitutionofphysicalsciencesexperiments
onboardSJ-10satellite.
· · ·
Keywords SJ-10mission Spaceexperiment Microgravityphysicalsciences
· ·
Microgravityfluidphysics Microgravitycombustionsciences Spacematerial
sciences
1 IntroductiontoSJ-10Mission
“Shi-Jian Ten” satellite (SJ-10) is the second mission of the Strategic Priority Research
Program(First-Stage)onSpaceScience,theChineseAcademyofSciences(CAS).Thefirst
missionisDarkMatterParticleExplorer(DAMPE,alsoknownas“Wukong”,Launchdate:
December18,2015);thethirdmissionisQuantumExperimentsatSpaceScale(QUESS,
alsoknownas“Mozi”,Launchdate:August16,2016);andtheLastmissionisHardX-ray
ModulationTelescope(HXMT,alsoknownas“Insight”,Launchdate:June15,2017).
On April 6th 2016, at 01:38:04, Long March 2D rocket was launched at Jiuquan
SatelliteLaunchCenter(seeFig.1).559slater,SJ-10recoverablescientificexper-
imentsatellitewassuccessfullysentintothenear-circularorbitattheheightabout
250km.Thisisthe24thsuccessfullaunchofChina’srecoverablesatellite.Inthepast,
B
W.R.Hu·Q.Kang( )
KeyLaboratoryofMicrogravity(NationalMicrogravityLaboratory),
InstituteofMechanics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,No.15BeisihuanxiRoad,
HaidianDistrict,Beijing100190,China
e-mail:[email protected]
SchoolofEngineeringScience,UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,
No.19(A)YuquanRoad,ShijingshanDistrict,Beijing100049,China
©SciencePressandSpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2019 1
W.R.HuandQ.Kang(eds.),PhysicalScienceUnderMicrogravity:Experiments
onBoardtheSJ-10RecoverableSatellite,ResearchforDevelopment,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1340-0_1