PHP 6/MYSQL programming for the absolute beginner

513 Pages·2009·4.66 MB·English

by  Andrew B. (Andrew B. Harris) Harris

PHP 6/MySQL
®
Programming for the
Absolute Beginner
Andy Harris
Course Technology PTR
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Absolute Beginner: Andy Harris
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 11 10 09
To Heather, Elizabeth, Matthew, Jacob, and Benjamin, and to
all those who have called me Teacher.
A
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
F
irst, I thank my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
Heather, you always work harder on these books than I do. Thank you for
your love and your support. Thank you Elizabeth, Matthew, Jacob, and
Benjamin for understanding why Dad was typing all the time.
Thanks to the Open Source community for creating great free software like PHP
and MySQL.
Thank you, Stacy Hiquet, for your continued support and encouragement on this
and other projects. Thanks to Mitzi Koontz, for seeing this project through, and to
Jenny Davidson for your work as the project editor. Special thanks to Matt Telles
for the outstanding technical edit. You made the book far better than it would
have been before.
Thanks to all who worked on the previous two editions. Your hard work was the
foundation for something that might be even better.
Thank you to the many members of the Course Technology PTR team who worked
on this book.
A huge thanks goes to my students throughout the years and the many people
who sent in comments and advice from the first two editions. Thank you for being
patient with my manuscript, for helping me spot many errors, and for providing
invaluable advice. I learned as much from you as you did from me.
A A
BOUT THE UTHOR
A
ndy Harris began his teaching career as a high-school special education
teacher. During that time, he taught himself enough computing to do part-
time computer consulting and database work. He began teaching comput-
ing at the university level in the late 1980s as a part-time job. Since 1995 he
has been a full-time lecturer in the Computer Science Department of Indiana
University/Purdue University–Indianapolis, where he serves as a senior lecturer
and teaches classes in several programming languages. His primary interests are
web development, PHP, Java, game programming, virtual reality, portable devices,
and streaming media. He has written numerous books on these and other tech-
nology topics.
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Exploring the Environment..................................... 1
Programming on the Web Server...................................................................................... 3
Installing PHP and Apache......................................................................................... 4
Using an Existing Server.............................................................................................. 4
Installing Your Own Development Environment................................................. 5
Installing with XAMPP................................................................................................. 7
Starting Your Server..................................................................................................... 8
Checking Your Security Settings............................................................................... 9
Configuring Apache.................................................................................................... 10
Running Your Local Server................................................................................................ 11
Adding PHP to Your Pages......................................................................................... 11
Examining the Results............................................................................................... 12
Display Errors............................................................................................................... 16
Windows Extensions.................................................................................................. 17
Changes in PHP 6......................................................................................................... 19
Safe Mode....................................................................................................................... 19
Register Globals........................................................................................................... 19
Creating the Tip of the Day Program............................................................................. 19
Summary................................................................................................................................ 20
Chapter 2 Using Variables and Input...................................... 21
Introducing the Story Program........................................................................................ 21
Using Variables in Your Scripts........................................................................................ 23
Introducing the Hi Jacob Program......................................................................... 23
Creating a String Variable................................................................................................. 25
Naming Your Variables.............................................................................................. 25
Assigning a Value to a Variable............................................................................... 25
Printing a Variable’s Value....................................................................................... 26
Using Variables for More Complex Pages...................................................................... 28
Building the Row Your Boat Page........................................................................... 28
Creating Multi-Line Strings...................................................................................... 30
Working with Numeric Variables.................................................................................... 31
Making the ThreePlusFive Program....................................................................... 31
viii PHP 6/MySQL Programming for the Absolute Beginner
Assigning Numeric Values........................................................................................ 33
Using Mathematical Operators................................................................................ 33
Creating a Form to Ask a Question................................................................................. 34
Building an HTML Page with a Form..................................................................... 35
Setting the Action Attribute to a Script File........................................................ 36
Writing a Script to Retrieve the Data.................................................................... 37
Sending Data without a Form.......................................................................................... 39
Understanding the get Method............................................................................... 39
Using a URL to Embed Form Data........................................................................... 40
Working with Multiple Field Queries.................................................................... 42
Building a Pre-formatted Query.............................................................................. 42
Reading Input from Other Form Elements.......................................................... 43
Introducing the borderMaker Program......................................................................... 43
Building the borderMaker.html Page.................................................................... 44
Reading the Form Elements..................................................................................... 47
Reading Select Elements........................................................................................... 48
Reading Radio Groups................................................................................................ 49
Returning to the Story Program...................................................................................... 50
Designing the Story.................................................................................................... 50
Building the HTML Page............................................................................................ 52
Building the Story....................................................................................................... 54
Summary................................................................................................................................ 56
Chapter 3 Controlling Your Code with Conditions and
Functions.................................................................. 57
Examining the Petals around the Rose Game.............................................................. 57
Creating a Random Number............................................................................................. 58
Viewing the Roll Em Program.................................................................................. 58
Printing a Corresponding Image............................................................................. 60
Using the if Statement to Control Program Flow....................................................... 61
Introducing the Ace Program.................................................................................. 61
Creating a Condition.................................................................................................. 63
Exploring Comparison Operators........................................................................... 64
Creating an if Statement........................................................................................... 65
Working with Negative Results....................................................................................... 66
Demonstrating the Ace or Not Program........................................................................ 66
Using the else Clause.................................................................................................. 68
Working with Multiple Values......................................................................................... 69
Writing the Binary Dice Program........................................................................... 69
Using Multiple else if Clauses.................................................................................. 71
Using the switch Structure to Simplify Programming.............................................. 72
Building the Switch Dice Program......................................................................... 73
Using the switch Structure....................................................................................... 74
Contents ix
Combining a Form and Its Results.................................................................................. 75
Responding to Checkboxes................................................................................................ 78
Using Functions to Encapsulate Parts of the Program.............................................. 81
Examining the This Old Man Program.................................................................. 82
Creating New Functions............................................................................................ 84
Using Parameters and Function Values......................................................................... 84
Examining the Param.php Program...................................................................... 85
Looking at Encapsulation in the Main Code Body............................................. 87
Returning a Value: The chorus() Function............................................................ 88
Accepting a Parameter in the verse() Function................................................... 89
Managing Variable Scope................................................................................................... 90
Looking at the Scope Demo...................................................................................... 91
Returning to the Petals Game.......................................................................................... 93
Starting HTML.............................................................................................................. 94
Main Body Code........................................................................................................... 94
The printGreeting() Function................................................................................... 95
The printDice() Function........................................................................................... 96
The showDie() Function............................................................................................. 97
The calcNumPetals() Function................................................................................. 97
The printForm() Function.......................................................................................... 98
The Ending HTML Code............................................................................................. 99
Summary................................................................................................................................ 99
Chapter 4 Loops and Arrays................................................... 101
Introducing the Poker Dice Program........................................................................... 102
Counting with the for Loop............................................................................................ 103
Initializing a Sentry Variable................................................................................. 104
Setting a Condition to Finish the Loop............................................................... 105
Changing the Sentry Variable................................................................................ 105
Building the Loop...................................................................................................... 106
Modifying the for Loop............................................................................................ 106
Using a while Loop............................................................................................................ 110
Repeating Code with a while Loop....................................................................... 110
Recognizing Endless Loops..................................................................................... 111
Building a Well-Behaved Loop............................................................................... 113
Working with Basic Arrays.............................................................................................. 114
Generating a Basic Array......................................................................................... 116
Using a Loop to Examine an Array’s Contents.................................................. 117
Using the array() Construct to Preload an Array............................................... 117
Detecting the Size of an Array............................................................................... 118
Improving This Old Man with Arrays and Loops...................................................... 118
Building the place Array.......................................................................................... 120
Writing Out the Lyrics............................................................................................. 121