Perspectives on Formulaic Language: Acquisition and Communication This page intentionally left blank Perspectives on Formulaic Language Acquisition and Communication Edited by David Wood Continuum International Publishing Group The Tower Building 80 Maiden Lane 11 York Road Suite 704 London SE1 7NX New York, NY 10038 www.continuumbooks.com © David Wood and contributors 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-1-4411-5047-9 (Hardback) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Typeset by Newgen Imaging Systems Pvt Ltd, Chennai, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by the MPG Books Group Contents Notes on Contributors vii Acknowledgements xi 1. F ormulaicity and Usage-based Language: Linguistic, Psycholinguistic and Acquisitional Manifestations 1 Regina Weinert Part 1: Formulaic Language in Acquisition and Pedagogy 2. T he Development of Collocation Use in Academic Texts by Advanced L2 Learners: A Multiple Case Study Approach 23 Jie Li and Norbert Schmitt 3. I diomatically Speaking: Effects of Task Variation on Formulaic Language in Highly Profi cient Users of L2 French and Spanish 47 Fanny Forsberg and Lars Fant 4. E ffectiveness of Text Memorization in EFL Learning of Chinese Students 71 Zhenqiong Dai and Yanren Ding 5. L exical Clusters in an EAP Textbook Corpus 88 David Wood 6. A n Investigation of Lexical Bundles in ESP Textbooks and Electrical Engineering Introductory Textbooks 107 Lin Chen Part 2 : Identifi cation and Psycholinguistic Processing of Formulaic Language 7. F ormulaicity in Code-switching: Criteria for Identifying Formulaic Sequences 129 Kazuhiko Namba 8. H olistic Processing of Regular Four-word Sequences: A Behavioural and ERP Study of the Effects of Structure, Frequency, and Probability on Immediate Free Recall 151 Antoine Tremblay and Harald Baayen vi Contents 9. The Phonology of Formulaic Sequences: A Review 174 Phoebe Ming Sum Lin 10. Processing MWUs: Are MWU Subtypes Psycholinguistically Real? 194 Georgie Columbus Part 3: Communicative Functions of Formulaic Language 11. A Text in Speech’s Clothing: Discovering Specifi c Functions of Formulaic Expressions in Beowulf and Blogs 213 Matt Garley, Benjamin Slade, and Marina Terkourafi 12. The Semantic Structure of Arabic Idioms 234 Ashraf Abdou 13. F ormulaicity and Translation: A Cross-corpora Analysis of English Formulaic Binomials and Their Italian Translations 257 Salvatore Giammarresi Index 275 Notes on Contributors Ashraf Abdou has obtained degrees in Arabic language and Islamic studies and in Linguistics from Cairo University. He also has an MA in Teaching Arabic as a Foreign Language from The American University in Cairo, and a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Manchester, where his disserta- tion was a corpus-based study of Arabic idioms. His teaching experience includes Arabic linguistics and Arabic as a foreign language at these three universities. Harald Baayen is a Professor at the Department of Linguistics at the Univer- sity of Alberta. His research interests include quantitative linguistics, lexical statistics, exploratory data analysis, stylometry, mixed-effects modeling, morphology and morphological processing. Lin Chen worked as an electrical engineer for eight years in China before beginning her graduate studies in applied linguistics at Carleton University, where she is now a lecturer in English for Academic Purposes. Her research interests include formulaic language, corpus linguistics, and discourse analysis. Georgie Columbus is a phraseologist working in corpus linguistics and psycholinguistics. Her secondary interests lie in the variation in discourse markers between English varieties. Georgie is currently researching at the University of Alberta, Canada, on the processing of multiword units in native and non-native speakers. Yanren Ding is Professor of English, School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University. His research interests include second language acquisition, discourse analysis and language teaching methodology. Lars Fant is a Professor in the department of Spanish and Portuguese at Stockholm University. He has taught Romance languages in a wide variety of contexts, and has researched and published on many aspects of second viii Notes on Contributors language use including cross-cultural communication, discourse analysis and pragmatics, and formulaic language. Zhenqiong Dai is an English instructor, School of Foreign Studies, Nanjing University. Her research and teaching interests centre around formulaic language and the role of memorization in language acquisition. Her article in this volume, co-authored with Yanren Ding, is based on her graduate work. Fanny Forsberg is a researcher and lecturer in French at Stockholm University’s department of French, Italian and Classical Languages. She has researched and published extensively on formulaic language and high-level profi ciency in second language use. Matt Garley is a PhD candidate in Linguistics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he serves as editor of Studies in the Linguistic Sciences. His research interests include sociolinguistics, language contact, the language of hip-hop, and computer-mediated communication. He is currently planning a dissertation project on linguistic borrowings and the construction of identity in the German hip-hop fan community. Salvatore Giammarresi holds a PhD in Synchronic and Diachronic Linguistics from the University of Palermo, Italy. He is the site creator and moderator of the Formulaic Language Research Network (www.efl arn.ning. com). His academic interests include formulaicity, translation technology, translation theory and localization. He is a lecturer at the University of Palermo, Italy, teaching localization, computer assisted translation tools and global marketing. Professionally Salvatore is currently serving as the Vice President of Products at a web-based company in San Francisco. Jie Li is a PhD student at the University of Nottingham. Her academic inter- ests include vocabulary learning and teaching, formulaic language, corpus linguistics, and foreign/second language acquisition. Her thesis focuses on second language (L2) learner acquisition and use of formulaic language in academic writing. She has recently published an article on Chinese advanced L2 learner’s acquisition process of lexical phrases in the Journal of Second Language Writing. Phoebe Ming Sun Lin is a researcher at the School of English Studies of the University of Nottingham, UK. At the time of writing, she is completing Notes on Contributors ix a large study which provides a comprehensive description of the prosody of formulaic sequences. Her recent publications explore formulaic language from the perspectives of phonology, corpus linguistics and second language teaching and learning. Her wider research interests include formulaic language, intonation, corpus linguistics and spoken English. Kazuhiko Namba is Associate Professor of Applied Linguistics at Kyoto Sangyo University. His main research interest is the role of formulaic lan- guage in bilingual children’s language acquisition and the structural aspects of code-switching. He acquired his PhD and MA at Cardiff University. He taught English in Japanese secondary schools for over 20 years and is raising his two children as English-Japanese bilinguals. Norbert Schmitt is Professor of Applied Linguistics at the University of Nottingham. He is interested in all aspects of second language vocabulary, including vocabulary acquisition, formulaic language, vocabulary testing, the relationship between reading and listening and vocabulary learning, and implicit and explicit vocabulary knowledge. He has most recently com- pleted a vocabulary research manual, to be published by Palgrave Press. Benjamin Slade is a PhD student at the University of Illinois, currently pre- paring a dissertation on the history of Sinhala interrogative constructions under the direction of Hans Henrich Hock. His earlier work was on the development of do-support in English and the evolution of Indo-Aryan compound verbs. Forthcoming work includes a study of dragon-slaying for- mulae in early Indo-European, to appear in Historische Sprachforschung. Antoine Tremblay obtained his BA in Hispanic Studies and MA in Spanish Morphology from Laval University, Quebec, Canada, and his PhD in Psy- cholinguistics from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. He is currently a postdoctoral fellow at Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, in the Department of Neuroscience. His research focuses on the processing of compositional multi-word sequences in the auditory and visual modalities using behavioral and brain imaging methods. Marina Terkourafi is Assistant Professor in Linguistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She has research interests in post-Gricean prag- matics, theories of (im)politeness, language contact and change, language and ideology, and construction grammar(s). Her work in these areas has appeared in journals such as Cognition & Emotion, Diachronica, Journal of
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