Performance Tasks and Rubrics for Upper Elementary Mathematics Performance tasks are highly effective tools to assist you in implementing rigorous standards. But how do you create, evaluate, and use such tools? In this bestselling book, educational experts Charlotte Danielson and Joshua Dragoon explain how to construct and apply performance tasks to gauge students’ deeper understanding of mathematical concepts at the upper elementary level. You’ll learn how to: ◆◆ Evaluate the quality of performance tasks, whether you’ve written them yourself or found them online; ◆◆ Use performance tasks for instructional decision-making and to prepare students for summative assessments; ◆◆ Create your own performance tasks, or adapt pre-made tasks to best suit students’ needs; ◆◆ Design and use scoring rubrics to evaluate complex performance tasks; ◆◆ Use your students’ results to communicate more effectively with parents. This must-have second edition is fully aligned to the Common Core State Standards and assessments and includes a variety of new performance tasks and rubrics, along with samples of student work. Additionally, download- able student handout versions of all the performance tasks are available as free eResources from our website (www.routledge.com/9781138906969), so you can easily distribute them to your class. Charlotte Danielson is an educational consultant now based in San Francisco, California. She has taught at all levels from kindergarten through college, and has worked as an administrator, a curriculum director, and a staff developer. Joshua Dragoon began his career in education as an elementary school classroom teacher. In addition to teaching, Joshua has served as a school administrator and district instructional coach. Most recently, he has led large-scale mathematics professional development initiatives across New York City for teachers at all grade levels. Math Performance Tasks Performance Tasks and Rubrics for Early Elementary Mathematics: Meeting Rigorous Standards and Assessments Charlotte Danielson and Pia Hansen Performance Tasks and Rubrics for Upper Elementary Mathematics: Meeting Rigorous Standards and Assessments Charlotte Danielson and Joshua Dragoon Performance Tasks and Rubrics for Middle School Mathematics: Meeting Rigorous Standards and Assessments Charlotte Danielson and Elizabeth Marquez Performance Tasks and Rubrics for High School Mathematics: Meeting Rigorous Standards and Assessments Charlotte Danielson and Elizabeth Marquez Performance Tasks and Rubrics for Upper Elementary Mathematics Meeting Rigorous Standards and Assessments Second Edition Charlotte Danielson and Joshua Dragoon Second edition published 2016 by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 and by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2016 Taylor & Francis The right of Charlotte Danielson and Joshua Dragoon to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. First edition published by Routledge 1997 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Names: Danielson, Charlotte, author. | Dragoon, Joshua, author. Title: Performance tasks and rubrics for upper elementary mathematics: meeting rigorous standards and assessments/by Charlotte Danielson and Joshua Dragoon. Other titles: Collection of performance tasks and rubrics. Upper elementary school mathematics Description: Second edition. | New York: Routledge, 2016. | Revised edition of: A collection of performance tasks and rubrics. Upper elementary school mathematics. Identifiers: LCCN 2015038796 | ISBN 9781138906969 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781315695266 (e-book) Subjects: LCSH: Mathematics—Study and teaching (Elementary)—Evaluation. Classification: LCC QA135.5 .D245 2016 | DDC 372.7—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015038796 ISBN: 978-1-138-90696-9 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-69526-6 (ebk) Typeset in Palatino by Swales & Willis Ltd, Exeter, Devon, UK To Cindy and Ronnie This Page is Intentionally Left Blank Contents eResources ................................................... viii Meet the Authors ............................................... ix Foreword by Jay McTighe ......................................... x Preface ....................................................... xii Acknowledgments .............................................. xv 1 Introduction: What Is Performance Assessment? .................. 1 2 Why Use Performance Assessment? ............................. 10 3 Making an Evaluation Plan .................................... 19 4 Understanding Quality Performance Tasks ...................... 27 5 Creating and Adapting Performance Tasks ...................... 34 6 Using Rubrics to Evaluate Complex Performance ................ 42 7 Creating and Adapting Rubrics ................................ 56 8 Upper Elementary Mathematics Performance Tasks .............. 69 eResources The student handouts that accompany the tasks in this book are available on our website as free eResources, so you can download and print them for classroom use. You can access the eResources by visiting the book product page on our website: www.routledge.com/9781138906969. Click on the tab that says “eResources” and select the files. They will begin downloading to your computer. Meet the Authors Charlotte Danielson is an internationally recognized expert specializing recently in the area of teacher effectiveness, focusing on the design of teacher evaluation systems that both ensure teacher quality and promote profes- sional learning. Charlotte began her career as an economist but soon realized her passion for education. She became a teacher and later worked as a curriculum direc- tor, staff developer, and instructional coach, and then later as an advisor on educational policy. Her work in classroom-based assessment—in particular in the design and interpretation of performance tasks—served as a prototype for her later work in the analysis of teacher performance. After years in the classroom, Charlotte realized that clear standards of practice were essential to advancing the profession. She wrote the Framework for Teaching, initially published in 1996 and intended to define good practice, primarily to inform professional learning and only later used as a tool for teacher evaluation. As such, it has, in many places, trans- formed school culture. She then began advising school districts, states, and countries on how to incorporate principles of professional learning into their evaluation systems. Charlotte currently advises State Education Departments and National Ministries and Departments of Education, both in the United States and overseas. She is a sought-after keynote speaker at national and international conferences, and a policy consultant to legislative and administrative bodies. She continues to base her work on a profound awareness of the complexity of teaching, the nature of learning, and the need to work to advance the profes- sionalism of teaching. Joshua Dragoon’s work in education spans over 15 years, beginning as a fourth grade teacher in New York City. He has served as an elementary school classroom teacher, coached teachers in mathematics, and supported schools as they transitioned their curriculum and instruction to meet the demands of the Common Core State Standards in both mathematics and literacy. He has served as a school and district-level administrator, and is particularly proud of his work leading mathematics professional development initiatives across New York City, serving teachers in all grades, K-12. He holds a bach- elor’s degree from Vassar College, as well as masters’ degrees in elementary educatio n and educational leadership from Brooklyn College.