Patterns Plus: A Short Prose Reader with Argumentation PDF
Preview Patterns Plus: A Short Prose Reader with Argumentation
PATTERNS PLUS A Short Prose Reader with Argumentation PATTERNS PLUS A Short Prose Reader with Argumentation Third Edition Mary Lou Conlin Cuyahoga Community College Houghton Mifflin Company Boston Dallas Geneva, Illinois Palo Alto Princeton, New Jersey Contents Preface 1 The Basics of Paragraphs and Essays 2 Narration 11 Paragraphs Geography Elizabeth Bishop 17 The writer remembers grade-school geography lessons and her efforts to apply them to the real geography around her. Grandma's Last Day Ivan Doig 19 Grandma left life as she lived it:-friendly, involved, and The Discovery of Coca-Cola E. /. Kahn, Jr. 21 A chance discovery turns a new patent medicine into America's favorite soft drink. Through the Ice Deborah 24 Acknowledgments for reprinted materials begin on page 423. The writer recounts her observations and sensations from Cover art and photograph: Maria McCormick-Snyder, 1990. a childhood fall through the ice. Freedom Iu-choi Chan (Student) 26 A young Chinese man tells of his desperate but unsucces- Copyright © 1990 by Houghton Mifflin Company. AH rights reserved. ful attempt to achieve freedom and seek a better life. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, Essays electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system without the prior written permission of the copyright owner Learning to Write Russell Baker 28 unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. With the exception A renowned essayist remembers his first, bold answer to of non-profit transcription in Braille, Houghton Mifflin is not authorized to grant per- what would become his calling. mission for further uses of copyrighted selections reprinted in this text without the per- mission of their owners. Permission must be obtained from the individual copyright A Very Basic Decision Mary Mebane 32 owners as identified herein. Address requests for permission to make copies of Hough- At an all-black college in the 1950s, a young woman ton Mifflin material to College Permissions, Houghton Miffiin Company, One Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02108. struggles to overcome a surprising form of prejudice. Printed in the U.S.A. The Jeaning of America—and the World Carin C. Quinn 36 The world's favorite pants, after an amazing rise to s Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 89-80930 have come to symbolize the American way of life. ISBN: 0-395-51691-9 Healthy Bodies, Healthy Minds? Paul Theroux 40 BCDEFGHIJ-B-96543210 A world traveler meets a member of a younger generation S self-centered and opinionated troubles him. A Brother's Murder Brent Staples 47 The Monster Deems Taylor 87 A journalist covers a grim beat—the young, angry, poor, This man was probably as wicked as any man can be, and violent dwellers of the inner city—and does so from but he was redeemed by one gift. insider's sense of frustration. Rock of Ages Joan Didion 93 The Deli Carmen Machin (Student) 51 A visit to the legendary prison at Alcatraz several years A woman writes of her firsthand experiences—both after it was closed, leaves this essayist with a curiously expected and unexpected—of running a small food store peaceful feeling. in a big-city neighborhood. This Man Has Expired Robert Johnson 97 Although witnessing a death is a disturbing and often experience, the author allows the reader to observe the 3 Description 55 last moments of a convicted criminal's life. Paragraphs Winter Donald Hall 101 Hall describes the wonders—some terrible, some A Baseball Annie Dillard tranquil—of winter. A baseball is more than an object; it's part of the sensation Limbo Rhonda S. Lucas (Student) 104 and excitement of the game. Seeing familiar objects in a new setting after her parents' The Stinging Cell John Hersey 64 divorce teaches this young woman a lesson about life. Hersey describes an amazingly intricate and minute The Coffee Plantation Isak Dinesen Examples 107 As Dinesen describes the work of growing coffee; she Paragraphs makes us feel her love and pride in it. The Pencil Rack John Ciardi 111 The Subway Station Gilbert Highet A writer itemizes everything he finds in the catch-all The author finds humanity's underside as fascinating pencil rack on his desk. and vital as its more attractive surface. The Shoe as a Strategic Weapon Alison Lurk 113 The Sperm Whale Barry Holstun Lopez 71 The shoe is a weapon in the battle of the sexes, says, Utilizing numbers as well as words, the author describes Lurie; her argument is startling but thought-provoking. an awesome creature. Halloween Party Lillian Ross 115 The Carnival Edward Hoagland 73 Ross provides a tongue-in-cheek shopping list for her Hoagland describes the dizzy world of such carnival son's Halloween party. rides as the Octopus, the Round-up, and the Scrambler A Cowboy's Courage Gretel Erlich 117 Tumalo from The New Yorker 75 Erlich shows that a cowboy's courage and grit take some Tumalo is a town you might say was nondescript, unless unexpected forms. you looked closely. Essays Peace and Quiet Nancy Pritts Merrill (Student) 77 Wrappings Andy Rooney 119 A young mother finds that the peace and quiet she thought she wanted so much does not live up to her expectations We put layer upon layer of coverings on things to protect them, then we add more coverings to protect the protec- Essays tion, until everything is obscured in wrappings. Dawn Watch }ohn Ciardi 79 Down with the Forests Charles Kuralt 122 A poet describes the beauty of morning's first hours when Some of the products we all use freely are contributing the garden glows, and the wild things are not yet driven to the destruction of the forests we claim to love. away by the noises of the day. August Andrei Codrescu 124 I Love Washington David McCullough 84 Codrescu shows that August is a month when people The writer describes Washington in intimate detail and, are delirious and sluggish, desperate, and complacent all in the process, tells us something about himself. at once. Back to the Dump Russell Baker 126 Three Disciplines for Children John Holt 175 Baker regrets the necessity of having to constantly Holt presents an organizational scheme for the iearning relearn one's beliefs. experiences of childhood. Television and Work Peggy Charren and Martin Sandier 130 Why Do People Own Handguns? Pete Shields 179 Television projects a vision of people at work that is false, The author—whose son was murdered with a handgun— but a vision that watchers believe. takes a reasonable look at what he believes to be The Family/Career Priority Problem Ellen Goodman 133 unreasonable behavior. Is it possible to combine a successful career with a happy family life? My Mother Never Worked Bonnie Smith-Yackel 137 6 Comparison and Contrast 187 A daughter details the boundless energy of her mother— Paragraphs a Depression-era farmer and mother of eight—who, ac- cording to society at large, "never worked." Children of Two Nations Brenda David 194 "never worked." A young woman who has taught both Italian and American children compares their attitudes and abilities. 5 Classification and Division 143 Two Views of Time Robert Grudin 196 Grudin offers two intriguing perspectives on our percep- Paragraphs tion of time. The Three New Yorks E. B. White 149 The Natural Superiority of Women Ashley Montagu 198 This writer counts three ways of using America's largest Montagu argues the case that men may make better city—to live, to work, and to dream. sprinters, but women are the marathoners in life. Silence Beryl Markham 151 Civilization and Education James Baldwin 200 An adventurer, aviator, and chronicler of her own life Most of our actions and feelings can be classified as private writes about the nuances of silence that she's known. or public, part of the family or part of the state. The American Language Robert Hendrickson 153 Essays How much of "American English" is pure Anglo-Saxon English, and why? Two Towns in Delaware Charles Kuralt 202 This noted reporter explores how two completely different No More Bad Bugs Colin McEnroe 155 towns developed from similar beginnings. McEnroe spoofs the complex classification of "bad bugs." Nursing Practices—England and America Mary Madden 204 Essays A nurse who has worked in hospitals in both England and The Plot Against People Russell Baker 157 America discusses the pros and cons of the nursing profes- There are three different kinds of inanimate objects, but sion in both countries. they all have one goal—to frustrate the people who want The Difference Between a Brain and a Computer Isaac Asimov 208 to use them. The difference is getting smaller. Be prepared for some Friends, Good Friends—and Such Good Friends Judith Viorst 160 surprises, says this well-known science writer. From early childhood on, we divide real friends from Computers Lewis Thomas 211 school friends and best friends from just friends. Viorst now Thomas assures us that computers won't supersede human offers us a few more varieties in which to classify friendship. beings, provided we don't abandon our humanness. Fatigue Jane Brody 166 Through the One-Way Mirror Margaret Atwood 215 Fatigue may be a symptom of medical problems, but more A Canadian writer compares Canadian-American relations often it is a symptom of the way we live. to a rather warped mirror reflection. The Womanly Art of Beast Feeding Alice Kahn 170 Women and Men Scott Russell Sanders 219 Kahn provides today's "beast"-feeding mothers (and Sanders remembers the roles of men and women as he saw fathers) with a new kind of nutritional system: the them during his youth, and he compares this perception to seven basic junk food groups. the dialogue he hears between men and women today. Mistaken Ideas About College Kimberly Ordway (Student) 222 Why Eat Junk Food? Judith Wurtman 272 It is said you expect the worst and you will be surprised. Junk food tastes good—but Wurtman believes there's more This student certainly expected the worst, and she was to its appeal. astonished. Scourge of the Budworm Tracy Kidder 274 The budworm epidemic has severe economic and environ- 7 Process 225 mental consequences. Bonding at Birth Douglas A. Bernstein et al. 276 Paragraphs Hospital procedures after a birth have a profound impact Insert Flap "A" and Throw Away S. /. Perelman on the development of the bond between mother and infant. Perelman recounts his desperate attempts to complete a On Being Unemployed Nelliejean Smith (Student) 278 harrowing process: the assembly of a Jiffy-Cloz closet. A young woman tells from bitter experience what it means Mastering Scrabble Barry Chamish 231 to lose a job. No one is a natural scrabble master; it takes training and memorization to create the crucial word connections. Essays The Right Way to Eat an Ice-Cream Cone L. Rust Hills 233 It Took This Night to Make Us Know Bob Greene 280 Hills has obviously studied the problem for years, and After hearing about a brutal attack on young athletes at now he offers the definitive method. the 1972 summer Olympics, a Jewish journalist thinks hard about who he is and where he comes from. The Cook Barbara Lewis (Student) The Whoomper Factor Nathan Cobb 283 This student describes her complicated and hectic two-hour job. What happens to people when a big blizzard closes down Essays their entire city? Think Thin and Get Thin Junius Adams 237 My First Lesson in How to Live as a Negro Richard Wright 286 The author thinks that seven steps can help you lose Wright recalls his first experience of racial cruelty, and the weight and keep it off. bitterness of its acceptance. g Alone in Restaurants Bruce Jay Friedman 242 : The Bounty of the Sea Jacques Cousteau 289 The author of The Lonely Guy's Guide to Life explains how Cousteau describes the terrible effects the death of the oceans to pull off the seemingly impossible—and do it with style. would have on the earth—a process that has already begun. Obtaining Power Michael Korda 248 The Thirsty Animal Brian Manning 292 Here are five not-so-simple steps to getting what you A recovering alcoholic remembers his plunge into alcohol in your work and in your life. abuse and describes the scars and symptoms that will How to Put Off Doing a Job Andy Rooney 252 never go away. The 60 Minutes humorist provides some guidelines for The Arctic Forest Barry Holstun Lopez 296 goofing off. Lopez finds some of the intricate connections of nature in Portraits of a Cop N. R. Kleinfield 255 the lives of arctic trees. Kleinfield observes a remarkable artist at work. Pithing a Frog Irene Szurley (Student) 259 9 Definition 299 A student gives a new look to a process many students take for granted. The author is angry, and she wants to make Paragraphs us angry too. The Ultimate Kitchen Gadget Robert Capon 304 There is one gadget that has not yet been advertised on 8 Cause and Effect 263 television. "I Love You" Robert C. Solomon 306 Paragraphs Solomon reminds us that those "three little words" can A Momentous Arrest Martin Luther King, Jr. 270 have an extraordinary range of meanings. The author, a great civil rights leader, remembers the A Cake of Corpses Scott Russell Sanders 308 courageous act of a tired woman who had had enough. How is limestone like a layer cake of corpses? Grandparents Nancy Pritts Merrill (Student) 310 Merrill believes we take grandparents too much for granted, Essays and she tells us just how much these important people Excuses, Excuses Helen C. Vo-Dinh 354 enrich our Something is missing from American schoolrooms— the students. Essays 312 So That Nobody Has to Go to School if They Don't Want To Baseball's Hot Dogs Jim Kaplan Roger Sipher 358 What is "hot-dogging" in sports? Is it bravado or flair, Is compulsory schooling a right or an injustice? Sipher or is it just a publicity stunt? thinks we're misusing society's resources, responsibilities, Defining Success Michael Korda 315 and goals. The author of Power! and Success! promotes a controversial Climbing at Its Best Galen Rowell 362 view of what it means to make it in today's world. Climbing with ultimate concentration and exertion creates It's Failure, Not Success Ellen Goodman 318 an exceptional state of mind for the climber. A newspaper columnist strongly disagreed with Korda's The Spreading Use of Steroids Jane Brody 365 definition of success. From her own and others' research, Brody concludes that 322 What Is Intelligence, Anyway? Isaac Asimov steroids are widely used and exceedingly harmful to the user. Perhaps intelligence should be defined by the practical ;/ Death to the Killers Mike Royko 369 ability to make things work and think things out, not by Royko considers the death penalty justified and suggests the scores on a standardized test. those opposed to it discuss their feelings with the families 325 Migraines Joan Didion of murder victims. Migraines are misunderstood, maligned, and misjudged by -The Death Penalty Is a Step Back Coretta Scott King 373 many peopie—especially by those who have never had them. King argues for abolishing the death penalty, claiming Didion provides insight into this excruciating affliction. that when society kills its own people, it is ineffective, What Is a Drug? Andrew Weil and Winifred Rosen 33C immoral;, and unjust. The authors contend that a drug is determined to be good I Have a Dream Martin Luther King, Jr. 376 or bad by a society's culture, not by the drug's effect on An inspiring voice calls on America to make the rights it the body. guarantees on paper a reality for all of its citizens. 10 Argumentation and Persuasion 335 11 Extra Readings 383 Paragraphs The Inflammable River Vine Deloria, Jr. 344 Blue and Brew Philip Kopper 384 In giving his favorite recipe for cooking crabs, the writer This river is a symbol for Deloria of the disastrous narrates, compares, classifies, and sounds as though he's disregard non-Indians have had for the land that they having a good time. "improved." 346 Ode to My Father Tess Gallagher 387 Beer Can John Updike Gallagher recalls her childhood and a later relationship Updike bemoans the passing of the traditional beer can that develops with her father. Gallagher is allowing us to and rejects its replacement. see the link between her childhood and the inspiration for 348 her poetry. The Vandal and the Sportsman Joseph Wood Krutch According to Krutch, hunting is vandalism under another How It Feels to Be Colored Me Zora Neale Hurston 391 name. Hurston implies that to be black is to be chalienged. Like 350 Richard Wright, Hurston sees a turning point in her life Eliminate Cars from the National Parks Edwar-d Abbey when she became conscious of being black; she develops Abbey makes a strong case for expanding the space in a self awareness of herself that allows her to feel a part of our national parks. humanity rather than apart from it. 352 Why National Literacy Is Important E. D. Hirsch Lenses Annie Dillard 395 Hirsch believes literacy is more than reading and writing— The author guides us through a child's impression of the it's communicating well world of microscopic animals. TRematlcTaHe The Momist Manifesto Alice Kahn 398 Parenting creates a completely new set of concerns and of Contents unites parents around those concerns. The Dare Roger Hoffmann 402 The writer remembers that when hee was young and confused about his identity a dare turned into a rite of Your Space Shell? Julius Fast 405 We all try to keep our distance—whatever "our distance" 1 Life in America may be. This writer tells us how and why. The First Appendectomy William A. Nolen, M.D. 408 The Discovery of Coca-Cola E. /, Kahn, Jr. 21 A surgeon tells the story of the first operation he ever The Jeaning of America—and the World Carin C. Quinn performed and of the disaster it nearly became. 36 Healthy Bodies, Healthy Minds? Paul Theroux 40 A Brother's Murder Brent Staples Glossary 415 47 A Baseball Annie Dillard 62 The Carnival Edward Hoagland 423 73 Tumalo from The New Yorker 75 I Love Washington David McCullough Index 429 84 Rock of Ages Joan Didion 93 This Man Has Expired Robert Johnson 97 Winter Donald Hal! 101 Halloween Party Lillian Ross 115 A Cowboy's Courage Crete! Erlich 117 August Andrei Codrescu 124 Television and Work Peggy Charren and Martin Sandier 130 The Family/Career Priority Problem Ellen Goodman 133 My Mother Never Worked Bonnie Smith-Yackel 137 The Three New Yorks E. B. White 149 The American Language Robert Hendrickson 153 The Womanly Art of Beast Feeding Alice Kahn 170 Children of Two Nations Brenda David 194 Civilization and Education James Baldwin 200 Two Towns in Delaware Charles Kuralt 202 Through the One-Way Mirror Margaret Atwood 215 Women and Men Scott Russell Sanders 219 Portraits of a Cop JV. R. Kleinfield 255 A Momentous Arrest Martin Luther King, Jr. 270 Bonding at Birth Bernstein et al. 276 The Thirsty Animal Brian Manning 292 Baseball's Hot Dogs Jim Kaplan 312 The Inflammable River Vine Deloria, Jr. 344 Beer Can John Updike 346 350 Eliminate Cars from the National Parks Edward Abbey 352 Why National Literacy is Important E. D. Hirsch The Spreading Use of Steroids Jane E. Brody 365 Wrappings Andy Rooney 119 I Have a Dream Martin Luther King, Jr. 376 The American Language Robert Hendrickson 153 Blue and Brew Philip Kopper 384 The Womanly Art of Beast Feeding Alice Kahn 170 Ode to My Father Tess Gallagher 387 The Difference Between a Brain and a Computer Isaac Asimov 208 The Dare Roger Hoffmann 398 Computers Lewis Thomas 211 The Momist Manifesto Alice Kahn 402 Insert Flap "A" and Throw Away S. J. Perelman 229 Mastering Scrabble Barry Chamish 231 Personal Encounters The Right Way to Eat an Ice-Cream Cone L. Rust Hills 233 How to Put Off Doing a Job Andy Rooney 252 Grandma's Last Day Ivan Doig 19 Portraits of a Cop N. R. Kleinfield 255 Learning to Write Russell Baker 28 Beer Can John Updike 346 A Very Basic Decision Mary Mebanc 32 The Dare Roger Hoffmann 398 Healthy Bodies, Healthy Minds? Paul Theroux 40 A Brother's Murder Brent Staples 47 The Deli Carmen Machin (Student) 51 Racial and Ethnic Issues and Discrimination This Man Has Expired Robert Johnson 97 Halloween Party Lillian Ross 115 A Very Basic Decision Mary Mebane 32 August Andrei Codrescu 124 Healthy Bodies, Healthy Minds? Paul Theroux 40 A Brother's Murder Brent Staples 47 My Mother Never Worked Bonnie Smith-Yackel 137 The Deli Carmen Machin (Student) 51 Silence Beryl Markham 151 The Shoe as a Strategic Weapon Alison Lurie 113 The Womanly Art of Beast Feeding Alice Kahn 170 My Mother Never Worked Bonnie Smith-Yackel 137 Three Disciplines for Children John Holt 175 Through the One-Way Mirror Margaret Atwood 215 Three Disciplines for Children John Holt 175 215 and Men Scott Russell Sanders 219 Through the One-Way Mirror Margaret Atwood 219 of a Cop N. R. Kleinjield 255 Women and Men Scott Russell Sanders 270 A Momentous Arrest Martin Luther King, Jr. 270 A Momentous Arrest Martin Luther King, Jr. 280 Bonding at Birth Bernstein et al. 276 It Took This Night to Make Us Know Bob Greene 286 The Thirsty Animal Brian Manning 292 My First Lesson in How to Live as a Negro Richard Wright 376 "I Love You" Robert C. Soloman 306 I Have a Dream Martin Luther King, Jr. 391 Baseball's Hot Dogs \im Kaplan 312 How It Feels to Be Colored Me Zora Neale Hurston What Is Intelligence, Anyway? Isaac Asimov 322 Death to the Killers Mike Royko 369 Ode to My Father Tess Gallagher 387 5 The Individual and Society Lenses Annie Dillard 395 Freedom Iu-choi Chan (Student) 26 The Dare Roger Hoffmann 398 The Momist Manifesto Alice Kahn 402 Learning to Write Russell Baker 28 A Very Basic Decision Mary Mebane 32 A Brother's Murder Brent Staples 47 3 Human Ingenuity I Love Washington David McCullough 84 The Monster Deems Taylor 87 The Discovery of Coca-Cola E. /. Kahn, Jr. 21 This Man Has Expired Robert Johnson 97 Learning to Write Russell Baker 28 A Cowboy's Courage Gretel Erlkh 117 The Jeaning of America—and the World Carin C. Quinn 36 Down with the Forests Charles Kuralt 122 The Carnival Edward Hoagland 73 Television and Work Peggy Charren and Martin Sandier 130 The Pencil Rack John Ciardi 111 The Family/Career Priority Problem Ellen Goodman 133 Halloween Party Lillian Ross 115 My Mother Never Worked Bonnie Smith-Yackel 137
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