Ornamental geophytes : from basic science to sustainable production

578 Pages·2013·78.241 MB·English

by  Rina Kamenetsky, H Okubo

Ornamental Geophytes
From Basic Science to Sustainable Production

Edited by
Rina Kamenetsky
Hiroshi Okubo
Ornamental Geophytes
From Basic Science to Sustainable Production
Boca Raton London New York
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Rina Kamenetsky dedicates this book to her father, Dr. Josef Malyar, who inspired
and encouraged her scientific career.
Hiroshi Okubo dedicates this book to his mentor, Dr. Shunpei Uemoto, who
stimulated and supported his scientific work.

Contents
Foreword............................................................................................................................................ix
August A. De Hertogh and Marcel Le Nard
Editors................................................................................................................................................xi
Acknowledgments...........................................................................................................................xiii
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................xv
Rina Kamenetsky and Hiroshi Okubo
Contributors.....................................................................................................................................xix
Chapter 1 Globalization.of.the.Flower.Bulb.Industry...................................................................1
August A. De Hertogh, Johan van Scheepen, Marcel Le Nard, Hiroshi Okubo,
and Rina Kamenetsky
Chapter 2 Taxonomy.and.Phylogeny...........................................................................................17
Alan W. Meerow
Chapter 3 Biodiversity.of.Geophytes:.Phytogeography,.Morphology,.and.Survival.Strategies.....57
Rina Kamenetsky
Chapter 4 Botanical.and.Horticultural.Aspects.of.Major.Ornamental.Geophytes.....................77
Hiroshi Okubo and Dariusz Sochacki
Chapter 5 Introduction.and.Development.of.New.Ornamental.Geophytes...............................123
Mark P. Bridgen
Chapter 6 Breeding.and.Genetics.of.Ornamental.Geophytes....................................................131
Jaap M. van Tuyl, Paul Arens, and Agnieszka Marasek-Ciołakowska
Chapter 7 Biotechnology.for.the.Modification.of.Horticultural.Traits.in.Geophytes...............159
Kathryn K. Kamo, Frans A. Krens, and Meira Ziv
Chapter 8 Florogenesis...............................................................................................................197
Rina Kamenetsky, Michele Zaccai, and Moshe A. Flaishman
Chapter 9 Dormancy..................................................................................................................233
Hiroshi Okubo
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viii Contents
Chapter 10 Propagation.of.Ornamental.Geophytes:.Physiology.and.Management.Systems......261
Anna Bach and Dariusz Sochacki
Chapter 11 Production.Chain,.Forcing.Physiology,.and.Flower.Production.Systems.................287
William B. Miller
Chapter 12 Postharvest:.Cut.Flowers.and.Potted.Plants..............................................................333
Michael S. Reid and Cai-Zhong Jiang
Chapter 13 Sustainable.Production.and.Integrated.Management:.Environmental.Issues...........363
Gary A. Chastagner, Gordon R. Hanks, Margery L. Daughtrey, Iris Yedidia,
Timothy W. Miller, and Hanu R. Pappu
Chapter 14 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.East.and.Southeast.Asia..............................421
Seiichi Fukai
Chapter 15 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.Brazil...........................................................435
Antonio F. C. Tombolato, Roberta P. Uzzo, Antonio H. Junqueira,
Márcia da S. Peetz, and Giulio C. Stancato
Chapter 16 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.Chile............................................................449
Eduardo A. Olate and Flavia Schiappacasse
Chapter 17 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.New.Zealand...............................................471
Keith A. Funnell, Ed R. Morgan, Glenn E. Clark, and Joo Bee Chuah
Chapter 18 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.South.Africa................................................485
Graham D. Duncan
Chapter 19 Geophyte.Research.and.Production.in.Turkey..........................................................505
Ibrahim Baktir
Chapter 20 Conclusions.and.Future.Research.............................................................................519
Rina Kamenetsky, Gary A. Chastagner, and Hiroshi Okubo
Appendix: Botanical Names Mentioned in This Book..............................................................525
Foreword
This.book.is.a.timely.and.welcome.publication.in.the.field.of.flower.bulb.production.and.research..
The.first.book.on.this.topic.was.published.in.1972.by.Alun.R..Rees.and.was.titled.The Growth of
Bulbs..It.was.followed.up.by.a.second.publication,.Ornamental Bulbs, Corms, and Tubers,.in.1992..
Subsequently,.our.book.The Physiology of Flower Bulbs.was.published.in.1993.and.the.literature.
search.for.it.concluded.in.1992..Since.then,.there.have.been.many.technological.advances.in.areas.
such.as.taxonomy,.plant.breeding,.biotechnology,.and.physiology..In.addition,.there.has.been.a.
worldwide.“Environmental.Awakening”.that.has.required.significant.changes.in.commercial.bulb.
and.flower.production.and.their.utilization..Concurrently,.there.has.been.an.increased.globalization.
of.flower.bulbs..In.addition,.it.is.well.known.that.research.is.essential.for.any.viable.industry.and.it.
must.be.continuous..Therefore,.researchers.and.the.leaders.of.the.flower.bulb.industry.must.address.
the.new.challenges.that.have.and.will.continue.to.develop..Strategic.and.long-term.planning.is.
essential.for.everyone..Very.importantly,.traditional.sources.of.research.and.educational.funds.are.
rapidly.declining,.not.only.in.The.Netherlands.but.also.worldwide..Researchers.will.have.to.be.cre-
ative.in.obtaining.and.maintaining.funds.(see.Chapter.1)..This.is.especially.true.for.long-term.pro-
grams.like.tulip.breeding.(see.Chapter.6),.which,.at.present,.takes.about.15–20.years.to.bring.a.new.
cultivar.into.mainstream.production.
Thus,.this.book,.which.highlights.the.recent.advances.in.this.scientific.field,.is.very.essential..It.
will.benefit.not.only.researchers.who.have.been.engaged.for.years.but.also.new.researchers.who.
must.meet.and.challenge.the.existing.dogmas..Last,.information.will.be.valuable.to.the.industry.to.
bring.the.value.of.flower.bulbs.to.the.worldwide.spectrum.of.consumers..In.the.end,.these.are.the.
most.important.and.last.link.in.the.chain.of.utilization.and.profitability.of.all.flower.bulb.products.
The.flower.bulb.industry.and.researchers.are.indebted.to.Dr..Rina.Kamenetsky.and.Dr..Hiroshi.
Okubo.for.encouraging.and.assembling.this.needed.book.on.ornamental.geophytes..It.will.be.
invaluable.in.meeting.the.challenges.for.the.twenty-first.century.and.beyond.
August A. De Hertogh
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
Marcel Le Nard
Institut National de la Recherche Agrononique, France
ix