ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE

114 Pages·2015·1.11 MB·English

ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE
COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCES (CoCIS), MAKERERE
UNIVERSITY, KAMPALA - UGANDA

By
Ronah Tugume Arinanye
MAY15/EMBA/0527U

A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT IN
PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF AN EXECUTIVE
MASTER‘S DEGREE IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (HUMAN RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OPTION) OF UGANDA TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY

SEPTEMBER 2015
DECLARATION

I, RONAH TUGUME ARINANYE, do declare that the work herein is presented in its original
form and has not been presented to any other university or institution for any academic award
whatsoever.

Sign………………

Date……………..

ii
APPROVAL

This is to certify that this work has been done under my supervision and submitted for
examination with my approval.

Signature …………………………………….
Professor Benon C. Basheka (PhD, FCIPS)

Date: ……………………………
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to acknowledge all those persons who in one way or the other assisted me to complete
this study. The list is too long to allow individual acknowledgement. My special appreciation
goes to my supervisor, Professor Benon Basheka for his personal commitment and effort to
speedily read and comment on my drafts, plus all my other lecturers on Executive Masters in
Business Administration (Human Resource Management & Development).
My gratitude is also extended to all my colleagues in office at UTAMU, for their professional
advice and support. Special thanks are extended to my course-mates with whom I undertook this
course, for their support, encouragement and academic ideas. Their input during our interactions,
discussions and friendship contributed greatly to the completion of this piece of work.
However, nothing substantial could have been achieved without the understanding and
encouragement of my entire family and friends. I wish to thank my children- David Junior,
Victoria & Elijah – together with my husband, David, who had to withstand my late-comings
and not giving them enough time while I was undertaking this research. I cannot forget my
precious mother, Mrs. Grace Tugume, who made me feel so special and drove me into continued
search for excellence.
Above all, I give Honour and Glory back to God the Almighty who gave me the wisdom and
strength to carry out all the required tasks of the study.
MAY GOD BLESS YOU ALL

iv
DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to God the Almighty and to my children – David Ntambi Ssesanga, Victoria
Faith Nassozi and Elijah Davis Kakembo, and my lovely husband, David Kakembo.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................................... ii
APPROVAL .................................................................................................................................................. iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..........................................................................................................................iv
DEDICATION ................................................................................................................................................. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..............................................................................................................................vi
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .............................................................................................................. x
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................................................xi
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................................. xii
CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Background to the study ................................................................................................................... 2
1.2.1 Historical background ............................................................................................................... 2
1.2.2 Theoretical Background ............................................................................................................ 6
1.2.3 Conceptual Background ............................................................................................................ 8
1.2.4 Contextual background ........................................................................................................... 10
1.3 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................................ 12
1.4 Purpose of the study ........................................................................................................................ 13
1.5 Specific objectives .......................................................................................................................... 13
1.6 Research questions .......................................................................................................................... 14
1.7 Hypotheses of the study .................................................................................................................. 14
1.8 Conceptual framework .................................................................................................................... 14
1.9 Significance of the study...................................................................................................................... 16
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1.10 Justification of the study ................................................................................................................. 16
1.11 Scope of the study ........................................................................................................................... 17
1.11.1 Content scope .......................................................................................................................... 17
1.11.2 Time scope .............................................................................................................................. 17
1.11.3 Geographical scope ................................................................................................................. 17
1.12 Operational definitions of key terms and concepts ......................................................................... 17
CHAPTER TWO .......................................................................................................................................... 19
LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 19
2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 19
2.2 Theoretical review .......................................................................................................................... 19
2.3 Effect of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance ......................................................... 21
2.4 The effect of Organizational Communication on Employee Performance ..................................... 26
2.5 The effect of Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance ........................................ 31
2.6 Summary of the Literature review .................................................................................................. 35
CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................................... 37
METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 37
3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 37
3.2 Research design .............................................................................................................................. 37
3.3 Study population ............................................................................................................................. 38
3.4 Determination of sample size and selection .................................................................................... 38
3.5 Sampling Techniques and Procedure .............................................................................................. 39
3.6 Data Collection methods and instruments ...................................................................................... 39
3.7 Data Collection instruments ............................................................................................................ 40
3.7.1 Questionnaire Method ............................................................................................................. 40
3.7.2 Interview Method .................................................................................................................... 40
3.7.3 Focus Group Discussions ........................................................................................................ 41
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3.8 Validity and Reliability ................................................................................................................... 41
3.8.1 Validity of instruments ........................................................................................................... 41
3.8.2 Reliability of instruments ........................................................................................................ 42
3.9 Procedures of data collection .......................................................................................................... 43
3.10 Data Analysis .................................................................................................................................. 44
3.10.1 Quantitative data analysis ...................................................................................................... 44
3.10.2 Qualitative data analysis ........................................................................................................ 44
3.11 Measurement of variables ............................................................................................................... 45
3.12 Ethical Considerations .................................................................................................................... 45
CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................................................ 46
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF FINDINGS ......................................... 46
4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 46
4.2 Response Rates of respondents ............................................................................................................. 46
4.3 Background Information of the Respondents ....................................................................................... 47
4.4 Organizational factors affecting employee performance at CoCIS. ................................................. 48
4.4.1 The Influence of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance at CoCIS ............................ 48
4.4.2 The Influence of Organizational Communication on Employee Performance at CoCIS .............. 55
4.4.3 The Influence of Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance at CoCIS ................... 60
4.4.4 Employee Performance .................................................................................................................. 64
CHAPTER FIVE .......................................................................................................................................... 66
SUMMARY, DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................... 66
5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 66
5.2 Summary of Findings...................................................................................................................... 66
5.2.1 Organizational Culture and Employee Performance at CoCIS ...................................................... 66
5.2.2 Organizational Communication and Employee Performance at CoCIS ........................................ 67
5.2.3 Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance at CoCIS ............................................. 68
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5.3 Discussion of Findings.................................................................................................................... 69
5.3.1 Organizational Culture and Employee Performance at CoCIS ...................................................... 69
5.3.2 Organizational Communication and Employee Performance at CoCIS ........................................ 70
5.3.3 Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance at CoCIS ............................................ 72
5.4 Conclusions ..................................................................................................................................... 73
5.4.1 Organizational Culture and Employee Performance at CoCIS ...................................................... 73
5.4.2 Organizational Communication and Employee Performance at CoCIS ........................................ 73
5.4.3 Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance at CoCIS ............................................. 74
5.5 Recommendations ........................................................................................................................... 74
5.5.1 Organizational Culture and Employee Performance at CoCIS ...................................................... 74
5.5.2 Organizational Communication and Employee Performance at CoCIS ........................................ 75
5.5.3 Organizational Commitment and Employee Performance at CoCIS ............................................. 76
5.6 Limitations of the study .................................................................................................................. 76
5.7 Contributions of the study..................................................................................................................... 77
5.8 Recommendations for Further Research ............................................................................................... 77
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................. 78
APPENDIX I: CERTIFICATE OF PROOF THAT DISSERTATION HAS BEEN EDITED ............. 91
APPENDIX II: QUESTIONNAIRE .......................................................................................................... 92
APPENDIX III: INTERVIEW GUIDE ...................................................................................................... 97
APPENDIX IV: FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSION GUIDE ....................................................................... 98
APPENDIX V: KREJCIE & MORGAN TABLE FOR DETERMINING SAMPLE SIZE .................. 99
APPENDIX VI: SUMMARY ITEM STATISTICS FOR THE RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT .... 100

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LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES
Figure 1: Conceptual framework ...................................................................................................... 15
Table 1: Research respondents by category and sample .................................................................. 38
Table 2: Presents the response rates to the study............................................................................. 46
Table 3: Showing the background information of the respondents .................................................. 47
Table 4: Showing the results of how Organizational Culture influence Employee Performance .... 49
Table 5: Relationship between Organizational Culture and Employee performance ...................... 53
Table 6: Regression Analysis showing the influence of organizational culture on employee
performance ...................................................................................................................................... 54
Table 7: Shows results of how Organizational Communication influences employee Performance55
Table 8: Relationship between Organizational Communication and Employee performance ......... 58
Table 9: Regression Analysis showing the influence of organizational communication on employee
performance ...................................................................................................................................... 59
Table 10: Shows results how Organizational Commitment influences Employee Performance ..... 60
Table 11: Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Employee performance ........... 63
Table 12: Regression Analysis showing the influence of organizational commitment on employee
performance ...................................................................................................................................... 63
Table 13: Results showing the respondents‘ opinion on employee performance ............................ 64
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