Table Of ContentOracle®SolarisAdministration:Oracle
SolarisZones,OracleSolaris10Zones,and
ResourceManagement
PartNo:821–1460–12
March2012
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Contents
Preface...................................................................................................................................................21
PartI OracleSolarisResourceManagement.............................................................................................27
1 IntroductiontoResourceManagement ..........................................................................................29
ResourceManagementOverview......................................................................................................29
ResourceClassifications..............................................................................................................30
ResourceManagementControlMechanisms ..........................................................................31
ResourceManagementConfiguration ......................................................................................32
InteractionWithNon-GlobalZones .........................................................................................32
WhentoUseResourceManagement................................................................................................32
ServerConsolidation...................................................................................................................33
SupportingaLargeorVariedUserPopulation........................................................................33
SettingUpResourceManagement(TaskMap)...............................................................................34
2 ProjectsandTasks(Overview)...........................................................................................................37
ProjectandTaskFacilities ..................................................................................................................37
ProjectIdentifiers ................................................................................................................................38
DeterminingaUser'sDefaultProject........................................................................................38
SettingUserAttributesWiththeuseraddandusermodCommands....................................39
projectDatabase ........................................................................................................................39
PAMSubsystem............................................................................................................................40
NamingServicesConfiguration.................................................................................................40
Local/etc/projectFileFormat ...............................................................................................40
ProjectConfigurationforNIS ....................................................................................................42
ProjectConfigurationforLDAP................................................................................................42
TaskIdentifiers ....................................................................................................................................43
3
Contents
CommandsUsedWithProjectsandTasks......................................................................................44
3 AdministeringProjectsandTasks.....................................................................................................47
AdministeringProjectsandTasks(TaskMap)................................................................................47
ExampleCommandsandCommandOptions ................................................................................48
CommandOptionsUsedWithProjectsandTasks.................................................................48
UsingcronandsuWithProjectsandTasks.............................................................................50
AdministeringProjects.......................................................................................................................50
▼HowtoDefineaProjectandViewtheCurrentProject...........................................................50
▼HowtoDeleteaProjectFromthe/etc/projectFile.............................................................53
HowtoValidatetheContentsofthe/etc/projectFile ........................................................54
HowtoObtainProjectMembershipInformation ...................................................................54
▼HowtoCreateaNewTask ..........................................................................................................54
▼HowtoMoveaRunningProcessIntoaNewTask ..................................................................55
EditingandValidatingProjectAttributes........................................................................................55
▼HowtoAddAttributesandAttributeValuestoProjects........................................................55
▼HowtoRemoveAttributeValuesFromProjects.....................................................................56
▼HowtoRemoveaResourceControlAttributeFromaProject ..............................................56
▼HowtoSubstituteAttributesandAttributeValuesforProjects ............................................57
▼HowtoRemovetheExistingValuesforaResourceControlAttribute.................................57
4 ExtendedAccounting(Overview).....................................................................................................59
IntroductiontoExtendedAccounting..............................................................................................59
HowExtendedAccountingWorks ...................................................................................................60
ExtensibleFormat ........................................................................................................................61
exacctRecordsandFormat .......................................................................................................61
UsingExtendedAccountingonanOracleSolarisSystemwithZonesInstalled..................62
ExtendedAccountingConfiguration................................................................................................62
StartingandPersistentlyEnablingExtendedAccounting..............................................................62
Records .................................................................................................................................................63
CommandsUsedWithExtendedAccounting ................................................................................63
PerlInterfacetolibexacct................................................................................................................63
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5 AdministeringExtendedAccounting(Tasks) .................................................................................67
AdministeringtheExtendedAccountingFacility(TaskMap)......................................................67
UsingExtendedAccountingFunctionality......................................................................................68
▼HowtoActivateExtendedAccountingforFlows,Processes,Tasks,andNetwork
Components .................................................................................................................................68
HowtoDisplayExtendedAccountingStatus...........................................................................69
HowtoViewAvailableAccountingResources ........................................................................69
▼HowtoDeactivateProcess,Task,Flow,andNetworkManagementAccounting ...............70
UsingthePerlInterfacetolibexacct ..............................................................................................71
HowtoRecursivelyPrinttheContentsofanexacctObject..................................................71
HowtoCreateaNewGroupRecordandWriteIttoaFile .....................................................72
HowtoPrinttheContentsofanexacctFile............................................................................73
ExampleOutputFromSun::Solaris::Exacct::Object->dump()....................................73
6 ResourceControls(Overview)...........................................................................................................75
ResourceControlsConcepts..............................................................................................................75
ResourceLimitsandResourceControls ...................................................................................76
InterprocessCommunicationandResourceControls ...........................................................76
ResourceControlConstraintMechanisms ..............................................................................76
ProjectAttributeMechanisms....................................................................................................77
ConfiguringResourceControlsandAttributes...............................................................................77
AvailableResourceControls.......................................................................................................78
Zone-WideResourceControls ..................................................................................................81
UnitsSupport ...............................................................................................................................83
ResourceControlValuesandPrivilegeLevels .........................................................................84
GlobalandLocalActionsonResourceControlValues ..........................................................84
ResourceControlFlagsandProperties.....................................................................................86
ResourceControlEnforcement .................................................................................................88
GlobalMonitoringofResourceControlEvents.......................................................................88
ApplyingResourceControls..............................................................................................................88
TemporarilyUpdatingResourceControlValuesonaRunningSystem......................................89
UpdatingLoggingStatus.............................................................................................................89
UpdatingResourceControls......................................................................................................89
CommandsUsedWithResourceControls......................................................................................90
5
Contents
7 AdministeringResourceControls(Tasks)........................................................................................91
AdministeringResourceControls(TaskMap) ...............................................................................91
SettingResourceControls..................................................................................................................92
▼HowtoSettheMaximumNumberofLWPsforEachTaskinaProject ...............................92
▼HowtoSetMultipleControlsonaProject ...............................................................................93
UsingtheprctlCommand ...............................................................................................................94
▼HowtoUsetheprctlCommandtoDisplayDefaultResourceControlValues .................94
▼HowtoUsetheprctlCommandtoDisplayInformationforaGivenResourceControl .97
▼HowtoUseprctltoTemporarilyChangeaValue.................................................................97
▼HowtoUseprctltoLoweraResourceControlValue ..........................................................97
▼HowtoUseprctltoDisplay,Replace,andVerifytheValueofaControlonaProject .....98
Usingrctladm .....................................................................................................................................98
HowtoUserctladm ....................................................................................................................98
Usingipcs............................................................................................................................................99
HowtoUseipcs ..........................................................................................................................99
CapacityWarnings............................................................................................................................100
▼HowtoDetermineWhetheraWebServerIsAllocatedEnoughCPUCapacity ...............100
8 FairShareScheduler(Overview).....................................................................................................101
IntroductiontotheScheduler..........................................................................................................101
CPUShareDefinition .......................................................................................................................102
CPUSharesandProcessState..........................................................................................................103
CPUShareVersusUtilization..........................................................................................................103
CPUShareExamples ........................................................................................................................103
Example1:TwoCPU-BoundProcessesinEachProject ......................................................104
Example2:NoCompetitionBetweenProjects ......................................................................104
Example3:OneProjectUnabletoRun...................................................................................105
FSSConfiguration .............................................................................................................................105
ProjectsandUsers......................................................................................................................105
CPUSharesConfiguration .......................................................................................................106
FSSandProcessorSets......................................................................................................................107
FSSandProcessorSetsExamples.............................................................................................107
CombiningFSSWithOtherSchedulingClasses...........................................................................109
SettingtheSchedulingClassfortheSystem...................................................................................109
SchedulingClassonaSystemwithZonesInstalled ......................................................................110
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CommandsUsedWithFSS..............................................................................................................110
9 AdministeringtheFairShareScheduler(Tasks) ..........................................................................111
AdministeringtheFairShareScheduler(TaskMap)....................................................................111
MonitoringtheFSS ...........................................................................................................................112
▼HowtoMonitorSystemCPUUsagebyProjects ...................................................................112
▼HowtoMonitorCPUUsagebyProjectsinProcessorSets...................................................113
ConfiguringtheFSS ..........................................................................................................................113
ListingtheSchedulerClassesontheSystem...........................................................................113
▼HowtoMakeFSStheDefaultSchedulerClass.......................................................................113
▼HowtoManuallyMoveProcessesFromtheTSClassIntotheFSSClass ...........................114
▼HowtoManuallyMoveProcessesFromAllUserClassesIntotheFSSClass ....................114
▼HowtoManuallyMoveaProject'sProcessesIntotheFSSClass .........................................115
HowtoTuneSchedulerParameters ........................................................................................115
10 PhysicalMemoryControlUsingtheResourceCappingDaemon(Overview)..........................117
IntroductiontotheResourceCappingDaemon ...........................................................................117
HowResourceCappingWorks .......................................................................................................118
AttributetoLimitPhysicalMemoryUsageforProjects...............................................................118
rcapdConfiguration .........................................................................................................................119
UsingtheResourceCappingDaemononaSystemWithZonesInstalled .........................119
MemoryCapEnforcementThreshold ....................................................................................120
DeterminingCapValues...........................................................................................................120
rcapdOperationIntervals ........................................................................................................122
MonitoringResourceUtilizationWithrcapstat.........................................................................123
CommandsUsedWithrcapd..........................................................................................................124
11 AdministeringtheResourceCappingDaemon(Tasks) ..............................................................125
SettingtheResidentSetSizeCap.....................................................................................................125
▼HowtoAddanrcap.max-rssAttributeforaProject...........................................................125
▼HowtoUsetheprojmodCommandtoAddanrcap.max-rssAttributeforaProject .....126
ConfiguringandUsingtheResourceCappingDaemon(TaskMap).........................................126
AdministeringtheResourceCappingDaemonWithrcapadm ...................................................127
▼HowtoSettheMemoryCapEnforcementThreshold ..........................................................127
7
Contents
▼HowtoSetOperationIntervals................................................................................................127
▼HowtoEnableResourceCapping ...........................................................................................128
▼HowtoDisableResourceCapping ..........................................................................................128
▼HowtoSpecifyaTemporaryResourceCapforaZone.........................................................129
ProducingReportsWithrcapstat.................................................................................................129
ReportingCapandProjectInformation .................................................................................129
MonitoringtheRSSofaProject ...............................................................................................130
DeterminingtheWorkingSetSizeofaProject......................................................................131
ReportingMemoryUtilizationandtheMemoryCapEnforcementThreshold ................132
12 ResourcePools(Overview)...............................................................................................................133
IntroductiontoResourcePools .......................................................................................................134
IntroductiontoDynamicResourcePools ......................................................................................135
AboutEnablingandDisablingResourcePoolsandDynamicResourcePools..........................135
ResourcePoolsUsedinZones .........................................................................................................135
WhentoUsePools ............................................................................................................................136
ResourcePoolsFramework..............................................................................................................137
/etc/pooladm.confContents .................................................................................................138
PoolsProperties..........................................................................................................................138
ImplementingPoolsonaSystem.....................................................................................................139
project.poolAttribute ...................................................................................................................139
SPARC:DynamicReconfigurationOperationsandResourcePools..........................................139
CreatingPoolsConfigurations ........................................................................................................140
DirectlyManipulatingtheDynamicConfiguration .....................................................................141
pooldOverview .................................................................................................................................141
ManagingDynamicResourcePools ...............................................................................................141
ConfigurationConstraintsandObjectives ....................................................................................142
ConfigurationConstraints........................................................................................................142
ConfigurationObjectives..........................................................................................................143
pooldProperties.........................................................................................................................145
pooldFunctionalityThatCanBeConfigured ...............................................................................146
pooldMonitoringInterval........................................................................................................146
pooldLoggingInformation......................................................................................................147
LoggingLocation .......................................................................................................................149
LogManagementWithlogadm................................................................................................149
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HowDynamicResourceAllocationWorks ...................................................................................149
AboutAvailableResources........................................................................................................149
DeterminingAvailableResources............................................................................................149
IdentifyingaResourceShortage...............................................................................................150
DeterminingResourceUtilization...........................................................................................151
IdentifyingControlViolations.................................................................................................151
DeterminingAppropriateRemedialAction...........................................................................151
UsingpoolstattoMonitorthePoolsFacilityandResourceUtilization...................................152
poolstatOutput .......................................................................................................................152
TuningpoolstatOperationIntervals ....................................................................................153
CommandsUsedWiththeResourcePoolsFacility......................................................................153
13 CreatingandAdministeringResourcePools(Tasks)...................................................................155
AdministeringResourcePools(TaskMap) ...................................................................................155
EnablingandDisablingthePoolsFacility ......................................................................................157
▼HowtoEnabletheResourcePoolsServiceUsingsvcadm.....................................................157
▼HowtoDisabletheResourcePoolsServiceUsingsvcadm....................................................157
▼HowtoEnabletheDynamicResourcePoolsServiceUsingsvcadm....................................157
▼HowtoDisabletheDynamicResourcePoolsServiceUsingsvcadm...................................160
▼HowtoEnableResourcePoolsUsingpooladm ......................................................................160
▼HowtoDisableResourcePoolsUsingpooladm .....................................................................160
ConfiguringPools..............................................................................................................................160
▼HowtoCreateaStaticConfiguration......................................................................................160
▼HowtoModifyaConfiguration...............................................................................................162
▼HowtoAssociateaPoolWithaSchedulingClass .................................................................164
▼HowtoSetConfigurationConstraints....................................................................................166
▼HowtoDefineConfigurationObjectives................................................................................166
▼HowtoSetthepooldLoggingLevel ........................................................................................168
▼HowtoUseCommandFilesWithpoolcfg ...........................................................................168
TransferringResources.....................................................................................................................169
▼HowtoMoveCPUsBetweenProcessorSets..........................................................................169
ActivatingandRemovingPoolConfigurations.............................................................................170
▼HowtoActivateaPoolsConfiguration...................................................................................170
▼HowtoValidateaConfigurationBeforeCommittingtheConfiguration..........................170
▼HowtoRemoveaPoolsConfiguration ...................................................................................170
9
Contents
SettingPoolAttributesandBindingtoaPool................................................................................171
▼HowtoBindProcessestoaPool...............................................................................................171
▼HowtoBindTasksorProjectstoaPool..................................................................................172
▼HowtoSettheproject.poolAttributeforaProject............................................................172
▼HowtoUseprojectAttributestoBindaProcesstoaDifferentPool.................................172
UsingpoolstattoReportStatisticsforPool-RelatedResources................................................173
DisplayingDefaultpoolstatOutput......................................................................................173
ProducingMultipleReportsatSpecificIntervals...................................................................173
ReportingResourceSetStatistics .............................................................................................173
14 ResourceManagementConfigurationExample..........................................................................175
ConfigurationtoBeConsolidated ..................................................................................................175
ConsolidationConfiguration ..........................................................................................................176
CreatingtheConfiguration..............................................................................................................176
ViewingtheConfiguration...............................................................................................................177
PartII OracleSolarisZones..........................................................................................................................183
15 IntroductiontoOracleSolarisZones .............................................................................................185
ZonesOverview.................................................................................................................................186
AboutOracleSolarisZonesinThisRelease ...................................................................................187
Read-OnlysolarisNon-GlobalZones .........................................................................................189
AboutConvertingipkgZonestosolarisZones .........................................................................189
AboutBrandedZones .......................................................................................................................189
ProcessesRunninginaBrandedZone ....................................................................................190
Non-GlobalZonesAvailableinThisRelease..........................................................................191
WhentoUseZones ...........................................................................................................................191
HowZonesWork ..............................................................................................................................193
SummaryofZonesbyFunction ...............................................................................................194
HowNon-GlobalZonesAreAdministered............................................................................195
HowNon-GlobalZonesAreCreated ......................................................................................195
Non-GlobalZoneStateModel..................................................................................................196
Non-GlobalZoneCharacteristics............................................................................................198
UsingResourceManagementFeaturesWithNon-GlobalZones........................................199
10 OracleSolarisAdministration:OracleSolarisZones,OracleSolaris10Zones,andResourceManagement •
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Description:Mar 12, 2012 Solaris Zones, Oracle Solaris 10 Zones, and . Interaction With Non-Global
Zones . Resource Control Values and Privilege Levels .