Oracle Database Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and ...

456 Pages·2014·5.85 MB·English

by  Oracle Corporation

Oracle® Real Application Clusters
Administration and Deployment Guide
12c Release 1 (12.1)
E48838-10
January 2015
Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide, 12c Release 1 (12.1)
E48838-10
Copyright © 1999, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Richard Strohm
Contributing Author: Janet Stern
Contributors: Troy Anthony, Lance Ashdown, Ram Avudaiappan, Prasad Bagal, Mark Bauer, Anand
Beldalker, Eric Belden, Gajanan Bhat, David Brower, George Claborn, Maria Colgan, Carol Colrain, Jonathan
Creighton, Rajesh Dasari, Steve Fogel, Richard Frank, GP Prabhaker Gongloor, Wei Hu, Yong Hu,
Dominique Jeunot, Sameer Joshi, Raj K. Kammend, Sana Karam, Roland Knapp, Karen Li, Barb Lundhild,
Venkat Maddali, Bill Manry, John McHugh, Saar Maoz, Matthew Mckerley, Markus Michalewicz, Anil Nair,
Philip Newlan, Michael Nowak, Muthu Olagappan, Bharat Paliwal, Hanlin Qian, Mark Ramacher, Kevin
Reardon, Dipak Saggi, Daniel Semler, Ara Shakian, Cathy Shea, Khethavath P. Singh, Kesavan Srinivasan,
Leo Tominna, Peter Wahl, Tak Wang, Richard Wessman, Douglas Williams, Mike Zampiceni, Michael Zoll
This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on
use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your
license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license,
transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse
engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is
prohibited.
The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If
you find any errors, please report them to us in writing.
If this is software or related documentation that is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it
on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable:
U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated software,
any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, delivered to U.S. Government end users
are "commercial computer software" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and
agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and
adaptation of the programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on
the hardware, and/or documentation, shall be subject to license terms and license restrictions applicable to
the programs. No other rights are granted to the U.S. Government.
This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management
applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including
applications that may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software or hardware in dangerous
applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other
measures to ensure its safe use. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages
caused by use of this software or hardware in dangerous applications.
Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of
their respective owners.
Intel and Intel Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks
are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. AMD,
Opteron, the AMD logo, and the AMD Opteron logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced
Micro Devices. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
This software or hardware and documentation may provide access to or information about content,
products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and
expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services
unless otherwise set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. Oracle Corporation and its
affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due to your access to or use of
third-party content, products, or services, except as set forth in an applicable agreement between you and
Oracle.
Contents
Preface........................................................................................................................................................... xxxiii
Audience................................................................................................................................................. xxxiii
Documentation Accessibility............................................................................................................... xxxiii
Related Documents............................................................................................................................... xxxiv
Conventions........................................................................................................................................... xxxiv
Changes in This Release for Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration
and Deployment Guide....................................................................................................................... xxxvii
Changes in Oracle Real Application Clusters 12c Release 1 (12.1)................................................ xxxvii
1 Introduction to Oracle RAC
Overview of Oracle RAC........................................................................................................................ 1-1
Overview of Oracle Real Application Clusters One Node.............................................................. 1-3
Overview of Oracle Clusterware for Oracle RAC.............................................................................. 1-4
Overview of Oracle RAC Architecture and Processing.................................................................... 1-5
Understanding Cluster-Aware Storage Solutions......................................................................... 1-5
Oracle RAC and Network Connectivity......................................................................................... 1-6
Overview of Using Dynamic Database Services to Connect to Oracle Databases................... 1-6
Overview of Virtual IP Addresses................................................................................................... 1-7
Restricted Service Registration in Oracle RAC.............................................................................. 1-8
About Oracle RAC Software Components..................................................................................... 1-8
About Oracle RAC Background Processes..................................................................................... 1-9
Overview of Automatic Workload Management with Dynamic Database Services............... 1-10
Overview of Server Pools and Policy-Managed Databases.......................................................... 1-12
Introduction to Server Pools.......................................................................................................... 1-12
Examples of Using Server Pools............................................................................................ 1-13
Deploying Policy-Managed Databases........................................................................................ 1-16
Managing Policy-Managed Databases......................................................................................... 1-17
Policy-Based Cluster Management............................................................................................... 1-19
Overview of Installing Oracle RAC.................................................................................................. 1-19
Understanding Compatibility in Oracle RAC Environments.................................................. 1-20
iii
Oracle RAC Database Management Styles and Database Installation.................................... 1-20
Oracle RAC Database Management Styles and Database Creation........................................ 1-21
Overview of Extending an Oracle RAC Cluster......................................................................... 1-22
Overview of Oracle Multitenant with Oracle RAC........................................................................ 1-23
Overview of In-Memory Column Store with Oracle RAC........................................................... 1-23
Overview of Managing Oracle RAC Environments....................................................................... 1-24
About Designing and Deploying Oracle RAC Environments.................................................. 1-24
About Administrative Tools for Oracle RAC Environments................................................... 1-25
About Monitoring Oracle RAC Environments........................................................................... 1-26
About Evaluating Performance in Oracle RAC Environments................................................ 1-27
2 Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
Overview of Storage Management for Oracle RAC.......................................................................... 2-2
Data File Access in Oracle RAC............................................................................................................ 2-2
Redo Log File Storage in Oracle RAC.................................................................................................. 2-3
Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC................................................................................... 2-4
Oracle Automatic Storage Management with Oracle RAC.............................................................. 2-4
Storage Management in Oracle RAC.............................................................................................. 2-5
Modifying Disk Group Configurations for Oracle ASM.............................................................. 2-5
Oracle ASM Disk Group Management........................................................................................... 2-6
Configuring Preferred Mirror Read Disks in Extended Distance Clusters............................... 2-6
Converting Nonclustered Oracle ASM to Clustered Oracle ASM.............................................. 2-6
Administering Oracle ASM Instances with SRVCTL in Oracle RAC......................................... 2-7
3 Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases
Overview of Oracle RAC Database Administration......................................................................... 3-1
Tools for Administering Oracle RAC.............................................................................................. 3-3
Administering Oracle RAC with SRVCTL.............................................................................. 3-3
Administering Oracle RAC with Oracle Enterprise Manager............................................. 3-4
Administering Oracle RAC with SQL*Plus............................................................................ 3-4
Starting and Stopping Instances and Oracle RAC Databases......................................................... 3-6
Starting One or More Instances and Oracle RAC Databases Using SRVCTL........................... 3-7
Stopping One or More Instances and Oracle RAC Databases Using SRVCTL......................... 3-8
Stopping All Databases and Instances Using CRSCTL................................................................ 3-9
Starting and Stopping Individual Instances Using SQL*Plus..................................................... 3-9
Starting and Stopping PDBs in Oracle RAC.................................................................................... 3-10
Verifying That Instances are Running.............................................................................................. 3-11
Using SRVCTL to Verify That Instances are Running............................................................... 3-12
Using SQL*Plus to Verify That Instances are Running............................................................. 3-12
Terminating Sessions On a Specific Cluster Instance.................................................................... 3-13
Overview of Initialization Parameter Files in Oracle RAC.......................................................... 3-15
Setting SPFILE Parameter Values for Oracle RAC..................................................................... 3-15
Parameter File Search Order in Oracle RAC............................................................................... 3-16
Backing Up the Server Parameter File......................................................................................... 3-17
Initialization Parameter Use in Oracle RAC.................................................................................... 3-17
Parameters That Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances............................................. 3-20
Parameters That Have Unique Settings on All Instances.......................................................... 3-20
iv
Parameters That Should Have Identical Settings on All Instances.......................................... 3-21
Converting an Administrator-Managed Database to a Policy-Managed Database................. 3-22
Managing Memory Pressure for Database Servers........................................................................ 3-24
Quiescing Oracle RAC Databases...................................................................................................... 3-24
Administering Multiple Cluster Interconnects on Linux and UNIX Platforms....................... 3-25
Use Cases for Setting the CLUSTER_INTERCONNECTS Parameter..................................... 3-26
Customizing How Oracle Clusterware Manages Oracle RAC Databases................................. 3-27
Advanced Oracle Enterprise Manager Administration................................................................. 3-28
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control to Discover Nodes and Instances........... 3-29
Other Oracle Enterprise Manager Capabilities........................................................................... 3-29
Administering Jobs and Alerts in Oracle RAC........................................................................... 3-30
Administering Jobs in Oracle RAC....................................................................................... 3-30
Administering Alerts in Oracle RAC with Oracle Enterprise Manager.......................... 3-30
Using Defined Blackouts in Oracle Enterprise Manager................................................... 3-31
4 Administering Oracle RAC One Node
Creating an Oracle RAC One Node Database.................................................................................... 4-1
Converting Databases.............................................................................................................................. 4-2
Converting a Database from Oracle RAC to Oracle RAC One Node......................................... 4-2
Converting a Database from Oracle RAC One Node to Oracle RAC......................................... 4-3
Online Database Relocation................................................................................................................... 4-4
5 Workload Management with Dynamic Database Services
Using Oracle Services.............................................................................................................................. 5-1
Service Deployment Options................................................................................................................. 5-2
Service Usage in an Oracle RAC Database..................................................................................... 5-2
Oracle Clusterware Resources for a Service........................................................................... 5-2
Database Resource Manager Consumer Group Mappings for Services............................. 5-2
Performance Monitoring by Service with AWR..................................................................... 5-2
Parallel Operations and Services.............................................................................................. 5-2
Oracle Streams and Oracle RAC............................................................................................... 5-3
Service Characteristics....................................................................................................................... 5-3
Service Name............................................................................................................................... 5-4
Service Edition............................................................................................................................. 5-4
Service Management Policy...................................................................................................... 5-4
Database Role for a Service....................................................................................................... 5-4
Instance Preference..................................................................................................................... 5-5
Server Pool Assignment............................................................................................................. 5-5
Load Balancing Advisory Goal for Run-time Connection Load Balancing....................... 5-6
Connection Load Balancing Goal............................................................................................. 5-6
Distributed Transaction Processing......................................................................................... 5-6
Default Service Connections............................................................................................................. 5-7
Restricted Service Registration......................................................................................................... 5-7
Connection Load Balancing................................................................................................................... 5-7
Server-Side Load Balancing.............................................................................................................. 5-8
Generic Database Clients.................................................................................................................. 5-8
v
Client-Side Connection Configuration for Older Clients............................................................. 5-9
JDBC-Thin Clients....................................................................................................................... 5-9
OCI Clients................................................................................................................................... 5-9
Client-Side Load Balancing............................................................................................................ 5-10
Fast Application Notification.............................................................................................................. 5-10
Application High Availability with Services and FAN............................................................. 5-11
Overview of Fast Application Notification................................................................................. 5-11
Managing Unplanned Outages..................................................................................................... 5-13
Managing Planned Outages.......................................................................................................... 5-13
Fast Application Notification High Availability Events........................................................... 5-14
Subscription to High Availability Events.................................................................................... 5-17
Using Fast Application Notification Callouts............................................................................. 5-17
Transaction Guard for Improving Client Failover.......................................................................... 5-18
Overview of Transaction Guard................................................................................................... 5-18
Transaction Guard Configuration Checklist............................................................................... 5-18
Configuring Services for Transaction Guard.............................................................................. 5-19
Application Continuity: Automated Replay for Masking Outages............................................ 5-20
Configuration Checklist for Application Continuity on Oracle RAC..................................... 5-21
Administering Mutable Values.............................................................................................. 5-22
Disabling Replay...................................................................................................................... 5-23
How Application Continuity Works for Applications.............................................................. 5-24
Failing Over OCI Clients with TAF.............................................................................................. 5-25
Load Balancing Advisory..................................................................................................................... 5-25
Overview of the Load Balancing Advisory................................................................................. 5-26
Configuring Your Environment to Use the Load Balancing Advisory................................... 5-26
Load Balancing Advisory FAN Events ....................................................................................... 5-27
Monitoring Load Balancing Advisory FAN Events................................................................... 5-27
Enabling Clients for Oracle RAC....................................................................................................... 5-28
Overview of Oracle Integrated Clients and FAN....................................................................... 5-28
Enabling JDBC-Thin Clients for Fast Connection Failover....................................................... 5-29
Oracle Notification Service for JDBC-Thin Clients............................................................. 5-30
Configuring FCF for JDBC/OCI and JDBC-Thin Driver Clients...................................... 5-30
Enabling JDBC Clients for Run-time Connection Load Balancing.......................................... 5-31
Configuring JDBC-Thin Clients for Application Continuity for Java..................................... 5-32
Configuring JDBC-Thin Clients for Transaction Guard............................................................ 5-33
Enabling OCI Clients for Fast Connection Failover................................................................... 5-33
Enabling OCI Clients for Run-time Connection Load Balancing............................................ 5-34
Configuring OCI Clients to use Transaction Guard.................................................................. 5-35
Enabling ODP.NET Clients to Receive FAN High Availability Events.................................. 5-35
Enabling ODP.NET Clients to Receive FAN Load Balancing Advisory Events.................... 5-36
Configuring ODP.NET Clients to use Transaction Guard........................................................ 5-36
Distributed Transaction Processing in Oracle RAC....................................................................... 5-37
Overview of XA Transactions and DTP Services....................................................................... 5-37
Benefits of DTP Services and XA Affinity for XA Transactions............................................... 5-38
Using DTP Services with Oracle RAC......................................................................................... 5-39
Configuring DTP Services.............................................................................................................. 5-39
Relocating DTP Services in Administrator-Managed Databases............................................. 5-39
vi
Automatic Workload Repository........................................................................................................ 5-40
Measuring Performance by Service Using the Automatic Workload Repository.................... 5-41
Automatic Workload Repository Service Thresholds and Alerts................................................ 5-42
Example of Services and Thresholds Alerts ............................................................................... 5-42
Enable Service, Module, and Action Monitoring....................................................................... 5-43
Administering Services........................................................................................................................ 5-44
Overview of Service Administration............................................................................................ 5-44
Administering Services with Oracle Enterprise Manager........................................................ 5-46
Administering Services with SRVCTL......................................................................................... 5-47
Creating Services with SRVCTL............................................................................................ 5-47
Creating Services for Application Continuity and Transaction Guard........................... 5-47
Starting and Stopping Services with SRVCTL..................................................................... 5-49
Enabling and Disabling Services with SRVCTL.................................................................. 5-49
Relocating Services with SRVCTL......................................................................................... 5-49
Obtaining the Status of Services with SRVCTL................................................................... 5-50
Obtaining the Configuration of Services with SRVCTL..................................................... 5-50
Global Services...................................................................................................................................... 5-51
Connecting to a Service: An Example................................................................................................ 5-51
6 Configuring Recovery Manager and Archiving
Overview of Configuring RMAN for Oracle RAC............................................................................ 6-1
Archiving Mode in Oracle RAC............................................................................................................ 6-1
Configuring the RMAN Snapshot Control File Location................................................................ 6-2
Configuring RMAN to Automatically Backup the Control File and SPFILE.............................. 6-2
Crosschecking on Multiple Oracle RAC Nodes................................................................................. 6-3
Configuring Channels for RMAN in Oracle RAC............................................................................. 6-3
Configuring Channels to Use Automatic Load Balancing........................................................... 6-4
Configuring Channels to Use a Specific Node............................................................................... 6-4
Managing Archived Redo Logs Using RMAN in Oracle RAC....................................................... 6-4
Archived Redo Log File Conventions in Oracle RAC....................................................................... 6-4
RMAN Archiving Configuration Scenarios........................................................................................ 6-5
Oracle Automatic Storage Management and Cluster File System Archiving Scheme............ 6-5
Advantages of the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme.................................................. 6-6
Initialization Parameter Settings for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme............. 6-6
Location of Archived Logs for the Cluster File System Archiving Scheme....................... 6-7
Noncluster File System Local Archiving Scheme.......................................................................... 6-7
Considerations for Using Noncluster File System Local Archiving.................................... 6-7
Initialization Parameter Settings for Noncluster File System Local Archiving................. 6-7
Location of Archived Logs for Noncluster File System Local Archiving........................... 6-8
File System Configuration for Noncluster File System Local Archiving............................ 6-8
Monitoring the Archiver Processes....................................................................................................... 6-9
7 Managing Backup and Recovery
RMAN Backup Scenario for Noncluster File System Backups....................................................... 7-1
RMAN Restore Scenarios for Oracle RAC.......................................................................................... 7-1
Restoring Backups from a Cluster File System.............................................................................. 7-2
vii
Restoring Backups from a Noncluster File System....................................................................... 7-2
Using RMAN or Oracle Enterprise Manager to Restore the Server Parameter File (SPFILE) 7-3
Instance Recovery in Oracle RAC......................................................................................................... 7-3
Single Node Failure in Oracle RAC................................................................................................. 7-3
Multiple-Node Failures in Oracle RAC.......................................................................................... 7-3
Using RMAN to Create Backups in Oracle RAC........................................................................... 7-4
Channel Connections to Cluster Instances with RMAN....................................................... 7-4
Node Affinity Awareness of Fast Connections ............................................................................ 7-5
Deleting Archived Redo Logs after a Successful Backup............................................................. 7-5
Autolocation for Backup and Restore Commands........................................................................ 7-5
Media Recovery in Oracle RAC............................................................................................................. 7-6
Parallel Recovery in Oracle RAC.......................................................................................................... 7-6
Parallel Recovery with RMAN......................................................................................................... 7-6
Disabling Parallel Recovery.............................................................................................................. 7-6
Disabling Instance and Crash Recovery Parallelism............................................................. 7-7
Disabling Media Recovery Parallelism.................................................................................... 7-7
Using a Fast Recovery Area in Oracle RAC........................................................................................ 7-7
8 Cloning Oracle RAC to Nodes in a New Cluster
Introduction to Cloning Oracle RAC................................................................................................... 8-1
Preparing to Clone Oracle RAC............................................................................................................. 8-2
Deploying Oracle RAC Clone to Nodes in a Cluster........................................................................ 8-3
Locating and Viewing Log Files Generated During Cloning.......................................................... 8-7
9 Using Cloning to Extend Oracle RAC to Nodes in the Same Cluster
About Adding Nodes Using Cloning in Oracle RAC Environments............................................ 9-1
Cloning Local Oracle Homes on Linux and UNIX Systems............................................................ 9-1
Cloning Shared Oracle Homes on Linux and UNIX Systems......................................................... 9-2
Cloning Oracle Homes on Windows Systems.................................................................................... 9-3
10 Adding and Deleting Oracle RAC from Nodes on Linux and UNIX Systems
Adding Oracle RAC to Nodes with Oracle Clusterware Installed.............................................. 10-1
Adding Policy-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes.......................... 10-3
Adding Administrator-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes........... 10-3
Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes............ 10-4
Deleting Oracle RAC from a Cluster Node...................................................................................... 10-5
Deleting Instances from Oracle RAC Databases........................................................................ 10-5
Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes................................. 10-6
Removing Oracle RAC................................................................................................................... 10-7
Deleting Nodes from the Cluster.................................................................................................. 10-8
11 Adding and Deleting Oracle RAC from Nodes on Windows Systems
Adding Oracle RAC to Nodes with Oracle Clusterware Installed.............................................. 11-2
Adding Administrator-Managed Oracle RAC Database Instances to Target Nodes........... 11-3
Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Add Database Instances to Target Nodes............ 11-4
Deleting Oracle RAC from a Cluster Node...................................................................................... 11-5
viii
Deleting Instances from Oracle RAC Databases........................................................................ 11-5
Using DBCA in Interactive Mode to Delete Instances from Nodes................................. 11-6
Removing Oracle RAC................................................................................................................... 11-7
Deleting Nodes from the Cluster.................................................................................................. 11-8
12 Design and Deployment Techniques
Deploying Oracle RAC for High Availability................................................................................. 12-1
About Designing a High Availability System............................................................................. 12-1
Best Practices for Deploying Oracle RAC in a High Availability Environment.................... 12-2
Consolidating Multiple Applications in a Database or Multiple Databases in a Cluster..... 12-4
Managing Capacity During Consolidation.......................................................................... 12-4
Managing the Global Cache Service Processes During Consolidation............................ 12-4
Using a Database Cloud for Consolidation.......................................................................... 12-4
Scalability of Oracle RAC............................................................................................................... 12-5
General Design Considerations for Oracle RAC............................................................................ 12-6
General Database Deployment Topics for Oracle RAC................................................................ 12-6
Tablespace Use in Oracle RAC...................................................................................................... 12-7
Object Creation and Performance in Oracle RAC ..................................................................... 12-7
Node Addition and Deletion and the SYSAUX Tablespace in Oracle RAC........................... 12-7
Distributed Transactions and Oracle RAC.................................................................................. 12-7
Deploying OLTP Applications in Oracle RAC........................................................................... 12-8
Flexible Implementation with Cache Fusion.............................................................................. 12-8
Deploying Data Warehouse Applications with Oracle RAC.................................................... 12-8
Speed-Up for Data Warehouse Applications on Oracle RAC........................................... 12-8
Parallel Execution in Data Warehouse Systems and Oracle RAC.................................... 12-9
Data Security Considerations in Oracle RAC............................................................................. 12-9
Transparent Data Encryption and Keystores....................................................................... 12-9
Windows Firewall Considerations...................................................................................... 12-10
13 Monitoring Performance
Overview of Monitoring and Tuning Oracle RAC Databases...................................................... 13-1
Monitoring Oracle RAC and Oracle Clusterware...................................................................... 13-2
The Cluster Database Home Page......................................................................................... 13-2
The Interconnects Page........................................................................................................... 13-3
The Cluster Database Performance Page.............................................................................. 13-3
Tuning Oracle RAC Databases...................................................................................................... 13-4
Verifying the Interconnect Settings for Oracle RAC...................................................................... 13-4
Influencing Interconnect Processing................................................................................................. 13-5
Performance Views in Oracle RAC.................................................................................................... 13-6
Creating Oracle RAC Data Dictionary Views with CATCLUST.SQL......................................... 13-6
Oracle RAC Performance Statistics................................................................................................... 13-6
Automatic Workload Repository in Oracle RAC Environments................................................. 13-6
Active Session History Reports for Oracle RAC............................................................................. 13-7
Overview of ASH Reports for Oracle RAC................................................................................. 13-7
ASH Report for Oracle RAC: Top Cluster Events...................................................................... 13-8
ASH Report for Oracle RAC: Top Remote Instance................................................................... 13-8
ix
Monitoring Oracle RAC Statistics and Wait Events....................................................................... 13-8
Oracle RAC Statistics and Events in AWR and Statspack Reports.......................................... 13-8
Oracle RAC Wait Events................................................................................................................ 13-9
Monitoring Performance by Analyzing GCS and GES Statistics............................................. 13-9
Analyzing the Effect of Cache Fusion in Oracle RAC........................................................ 13-9
Analyzing Performance Using GCS and GES Statistics................................................... 13-10
Analyzing Cache Fusion Transfer Impact Using GCS Statistics............................................ 13-10
Analyzing Response Times Based on Wait Events.................................................................. 13-11
Block-Related Wait Events.................................................................................................... 13-11
Message-Related Wait Events.............................................................................................. 13-12
Contention-Related Wait Events......................................................................................... 13-12
Load-Related Wait Events.................................................................................................... 13-13
14 Converting Single-Instance Oracle Databases to Oracle RAC and Oracle
RAC One Node
Administrative Issues for Converting Databases to Oracle RAC................................................ 14-1
Converting to Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node Using DBCA....................................... 14-2
Converting Oracle Database Installations to Oracle RAC Using DBCA................................ 14-2
Use DBCA to Create an Image of the Single-Instance Database....................................... 14-3
Complete the Oracle Clusterware Installation.................................................................... 14-3
Validate the Cluster................................................................................................................. 14-3
Copy the Preconfigured Database Image............................................................................. 14-3
Install Oracle Database 12c Software with Oracle RAC..................................................... 14-4
Converting Single Instance on a Cluster to Oracle RAC One Node Using DBCA................ 14-4
Converting Single Instance on a Cluster to Oracle RAC Using DBCA................................... 14-4
Single-Instance Database on a Cluster Running from an Oracle RAC-Enabled Home 14-5
Single-Instance Database on a Cluster Running from an Oracle RAC-Disabled Home 14-7
Preparing to Convert with rconfig and Oracle Enterprise Manager........................................... 14-8
Prerequisites for Converting to Oracle RAC Databases............................................................ 14-8
Configuration Changes During Oracle RAC Conversion Using rconfig................................ 14-8
Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using rconfig or Oracle Enterprise Manager........... 14-9
Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using Oracle Enterprise Manager............................ 14-10
Converting Databases to Oracle RAC Using rconfig................................................................... 14-11
Example of rconfig XML Input Files for ConvertToRAC............................................................ 14-12
Postconversion Steps.......................................................................................................................... 14-14
A Server Control Utility Reference
SRVCTL Usage Information................................................................................................................. A-1
Specifying Command Parameters as Keywords Instead of Single Letters.................................. A-2
Specifying an Input File for SRVCTL Command Parameters.................................................... A-3
Character Set and Case Sensitivity of SRVCTL Object Values...................................................... A-3
Summary of Tasks for Which SRVCTL Is Used................................................................................ A-4
Using SRVCTL Help............................................................................................................................... A-6
SRVCTL Privileges and Security.......................................................................................................... A-7
Additional SRVCTL Topics................................................................................................................... A-7
Deprecated SRVCTL Subprograms or Commands........................................................................... A-8
Single Character Parameters for all SRVCTL Commands.......................................................... A-8
x