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OPTIMISATION METHODS MEET THE SMART GRID. NEW METHODS FOR SOLVING LOCATION AND ALLOCATION PROBLEMS UNDER THE SMART GRID PARADIGM Ferran Torrent-Fontbona Dipòsit legal: Gi. 1369-2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/xx http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.ca Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència Creative Commons Reconeixement- NoComercial-CompartirIgual Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial- CompartirIgual This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike licence PhD Thesis Optimisation methods meet the smart grid New methods for solving location and allocation problems under the smart grid paradigm Ferran Torrent Fontbona 2015 PhD Thesis Optimisation methods meet the smart grid New methods for solving location and allocation problems under the smart grid paradigm. Ferran Torrent Fontbona 2015 Doctoral Programme in Technology Supervised by: Dr. Beatriz López WorksubmittedtotheUniversityofGironainpartialfulfilmentofthe requirementsforthedegreeofDoctorofPhilosophy Dr. BeatrizLópezfromUniversitatdeGirona. DECLARE That the work entitled Optimisation methods meet the smart grid. New methods for solving location and allocation problems under the smart grid paradigm presented by Ferran Torrent FontbonatoobtainthedegreeinDoctorofPhilosophyhasbeendevelopedunderoursupervi- sionandcomplieswiththerequirementsneededtoobtaintheInternationalMention. Therefore,inordertocertifytheaforesaidstatement,wesignthisdocument. Girona,April2015. i ii Agraïments Aquesta tesi és el resum de la feina feta durant els últims 3 anys, que a més, m’ha servit per conèixerunmagníficgrupdepersonesdelPIV,iespecialmentdelgrupeXiT,quem’hanajudat aassolirlafitaquerepresentaaquestatesi. M’agradaria esmentar especialment la Bea que m’ha guiat al llarg d’aquests anys. A més vull agraïr-l’hi el seu esforç i temps dedicat a resoldre dubtes que tenia i a llegir-se i millorar aquestatesiialtresdocumentsescritsques’hanfetallargd’aquests3anys. A més de la Bea, vull donar les gràcies a l’Albert i en Pablo pels seu suport, consells i la bona acollida que em van fer primer a l’AMAAS2011, i després a la Pizzeria amb la resta de companys que hi havia quan vaig arribar com en Xavi, l’Óscar i en Youssef. Tampoc em vull oblidardelscompanysques’hananatincorporantalllargd’aquestsanysalgrupcomenQuim, enRobert,enLlorenç,laNatàliailaIoanaipelsbonsmomentscompartits. Totsvosaltresheu fetdelaPizzeriaunllocperfecteperduratermeaquestatesi. Tampoc m’agradaria acabar sense agraïr a l’Esther i als meus pares els seus consells que m’hanajudatarribarfinsaquí. Finally I would like to thank Jeremy and all the members of the ISN group of Imperial Collegefortheirwelcomeandhelpingmetospendagreat,butalsofruitful,timeinLondon. Gràciesatots!! ThisresearchprojecthasbeenpartiallyfundedthroughBR-UdGScholarshipoftheUniver- sity of Girona granted to Ferran Torrent-Fontbona. Work developed with the support of the research group SITES awarded with distinction by the Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR 2014- 2016),theresearchgroupeXiT(ControlEngineeringandIntelligentSystems)oftheIIiA(Insti- tuteofInformaticsandApplications),theDepartmentofElectricalandElectronicEngineering and Automation ofthe University of Girona, the MESC project (Ref. DPI2013-47450-C2-1-R) andthei-WMSproject(DPI2011-24929)bothfundedbytheSpanishMINECO. iii iv Publications ThepublicationsderivedfromthisPhDthesisarethefollowing: Journals • FerranTorrent-FontbonaandBeatrizLópez. Energy-awaremulti-modeprojectschedul- ingundertimedependentelectricitycostsandusercompromisedconsumption. Submit- tedtoJournalofSchedulingon14thJanuary2015. ISSN:1094-6136. Springer. • Ferran Torrent-Fontbona and Beatriz López. Power re-allocation for reducing con- tracted electric power costs. Energy and Buildings. Vol. 89, pp. 112-122. February 2015. DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.12.030. ISSN: 0378-7788. Elsevier. Impact Factor 2013: 2.465(Q1). • Ferran Torrent-Fontbona and Beatriz López. Decision support for grid-connected re- newableenergyresourcesplanning. SubmittedtoEnergyon26thNovember2014. ISSN: 0360-5442. Elsevier. • FerranTorrent-Fontbona,BeatrizLópez,DídacBusquetsandJeremyPitt. Self-organising energydemandallocationthroughcanonsofdistributivejusticeinavirtualpowerplant. ElectricPowerSystemsResearchon30March2015. ISSN:0378-7796. Elsevier. • Ferran Torrent-Fontbona, Víctor Muñoz and Beatriz López. Solving large immobile location-allocation by affinity propagation and simulated annealing. Application to se- lect which sporting event to watch. Expert Systems with Applications Vol. 40(11), pp. 4593-4599. September2013. DOI:10.1016/j.eswa.2013.01.065. ISSN:0167-9236. El- sevier. ImpactFactor: 1.965(Q1). v

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6.3 Mean elapsed time by B&B algorithm presented in Chapter 3 to solve e- Linear programming is used to solve optimisation problems which process, non-integer solutions to linear programming relaxations serve as generalised to apply more attributes according to the ethos suggested by
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