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On Farting: Language and Laughter in the Middle Ages (The New Middle Ages) PDF

262 Pages·2010·1.36 MB·English
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0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page i THE NEW MIDDLE AGES BONNIE WHEELER, Series Editor The New Middle Agesis a series dedicated to pluridisciplinary studies of medieval cultures, with particular emphasis on recuperating women’s history and on feminist and gender analyses. This peer-reviewed series includesboth scholarly monographs and essay collections. PUBLISHED BY PALGRAVE Women in the Medieval Islamic World:Power, Crossing the Bridge: Comparative Essays on Patronage, and Piety Medieval European and Heian Japanese edited by Gavin R. G. Hambly Women Writers edited by Barbara Stevenson and The Ethics of Nature in the Middle Ages: Cynthia Ho On Boccaccio’s Poetaphysics by Gregory B. Stone Engaging Words: The Culture of Reading in the Later Middle Ages Presence and Presentation: Women in by Laurel Amtower the Chinese Literati Tradition edited by Sherry J. Mou Robes and Honor: The Medieval World of Investiture The Lost Love Letters of Heloise and Abelard: edited by Stewart Gordon Perceptions of Dialogue in Twelfth-Century France by Constant J. Mews Representing Rape in Medieval and Early Modern Literature Understanding Scholastic Thought with edited by Elizabeth Robertson and Foucault Christine M. Rose by Philipp W. Rosemann Same Sex Love and Desire among Women in For Her Good Estate: The Life of the Middle Ages Elizabeth de Burgh edited by Francesca by Frances A. Underhill Canadé Sautman and Pamela Sheingorn Constructions of Widowhood and Virginity in the Middle Ages Sight and Embodiment in the Middle Ages: edited by Cindy L. Carlson and Ocular Desires Angela Jane Weisl by Suzannah Biernoff Motherhood and Mothering in Anglo-Saxon Listen, Daughter: The England Speculum Virginumand the by Mary Dockray-Miller Formation of Religious Women in the Middle Ages Listening to Heloise: The Voice of a edited by Constant J. Mews Twelfth-Century Woman Science, the Singular, and the Question of edited by Bonnie Wheeler Theology The Postcolonial Middle Ages by Richard A. Lee, Jr. edited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen Gender in Debate from the Early Middle Ages Chaucer’s Pardoner and Gender Theory: to the Renaissance Bodies of Discourse edited by Thelma S. Fenster and by Robert S. Sturges Clare A. Lees 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page ii Malory’s Morte D’Arthur: Remaking Joan of Arc and Spirituality Arthurian Tradition edited by Ann W. Astell and Bonnie by Catherine Batt Wheeler The Vernacular Spirit: Essays on Medieval The Texture of Society: Medieval Women in the Religious Literature Southern Low Countries edited by Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, edited by Ellen E. Kittell and Duncan Robertson, and Nancy Warren Mary A. Suydam Popular Piety and Art in the Late Charlemagne’s Mustache: And Other Middle Ages: Image Worship and Idolatry in Cultural Clusters of a Dark Age England 1350–1500 by Paul Edward Dutton by Kathleen Kamerick Troubled Vision: Gender, Sexuality, and Sight Absent Narratives, Manuscript Textuality, and in Medieval Text and Image Literary Structure in Late Medieval England edited by Emma Campbell and by Elizabeth Scala Robert Mills Creating Community with Food and Drink in Queering Medieval Genres Merovingian Gaul by Tison Pugh by Bonnie Effros Sacred Place in Early Medieval Neoplatonism Representations of Early Byzantine Empresses: by L. Michael Harrington Image and Empire by Anne McClanan The Middle Ages at Work edited by Kellie Robertson and Encountering Medieval Textiles and Dress: Michael Uebel Objects, Texts, Images edited by Désirée G. Koslin and Chaucer’s Jobs Janet Snyder by David R. Carlson Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady Medievalism and Orientalism: Three Essays on edited by Bonnie Wheeler and John Literature, Architecture and Cultural Identity Carmi Parsons by John M. Ganim Isabel La Católica, Queen of Castile: Critical Essays Queer Love in the Middle Ages edited by David A. Boruchoff by Anna Klosowska Homoeroticism and Chivalry: Discourses of Male Performing Women in the Middle Ages: Sex, Same-Sex Desire in the Fourteenth Century Gender, and the Medieval Iberian Lyric by Richard E. Zeikowitz by Denise K. Filios Portraits of Medieval Women: Family, Necessary Conjunctions: The Social Self in Marriage, and Politics in England 1225–1350 Medieval England by Linda E. Mitchell by David Gary Shaw Eloquent Virgins: From Thecla to Joan of Arc Visual Culture and the German Middle Ages by Maud Burnett McInerney edited by Kathryn Starkey and Horst Wenzel The Persistence of Medievalism: Narrative Adventures in Contemporary Culture Medieval Paradigms: Essays in Honor of Jeremy by Angela Jane Weisl duQuesnay Adams, Volumes 1 and 2 Capetian Women edited by Stephanie edited by Kathleen D. Nolan Hayes-Healy 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page iii False Fables and Exemplary Truth in Later Performing Piety: Musical Culture in Medieval Middle English Literature English Nunneries by Elizabeth Allen by Anne Bagnell Yardley Ecstatic Transformation: On the Uses of Alterity The Flight from Desire: Augustine and Ovid to in the Middle Ages Chaucer by Michael Uebel by Robert R. Edwards Sacred and Secular in Medieval and Early Mindful Spirit in Late Medieval Literature: Modern Cultures: New Essays Essays in Honor of Elizabeth D. Kirk edited by Lawrence Besserman edited by Bonnie Wheeler Tolkien’s Modern Middle Ages Medieval Fabrications: Dress, Textiles, edited by Jane Chance and Alfred Clothwork, and Other Cultural Imaginings K. Siewers edited by E. Jane Burns Representing Righteous Heathens in Late Was the Bayeux Tapestry Made in France?: Medieval England The Case for St. Florent of Saumur by Frank Grady by George Beech Byzantine Dress: Representations of Secular Women, Power, and Religious Patronage in the Dress in Eighth-to-Twelfth Century Painting Middle Ages by Jennifer L. Ball by Erin L. Jordan The Laborer’s Two Bodies: Labor and Hybridity, Identity, and Monstrosity, in the ‘Work’ of the Text in Medieval Britain, Medieval Britain: On Difficult Middles 1350–1500 by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen by Kellie Robertson Medieval Go-betweens and Chaucer’s Pandarus The Dogaressa of Venice, 1250–1500: Wife Choreographing Lust and Love and Icon by Gretchen Mieszkowski by Holly S. Hurlburt The Surgeon in Medieval English Literature Logic, Theology, and Poetry in Boethius, by Jeremy J. Citrome Abelard, and Alan of Lille: Words in the Temporal Circumstances: Form and History in Absence of Things the Canterbury Tales by Eileen C. Sweeney by Lee Patterson The Theology of Work: Peter Damian and the Erotic Discourse and Early English Religious Medieval Religious Renewal Movement Writing by Patricia Ranft by Lara Farina On the Purification of Women: Churching in Odd Bodies and Visible Ends in Medieval Northern France, 1100–1500 Literature by Paula M. Rieder by Sachi Shimomura Writers of the Reign of Henry II: Twelve Essays On Farting: Language and Laughter in the edited by Ruth Kennedy and Simon Middle Ages Meecham-Jones by Valerie Allen Lonesome Words: The Vocal Poetics of the Old Women and Medieval Epic: Gender, Genre, English Lament and the African-American Blues and the Limits of Epic Masculinity Song edited by Sara S. Poor and Jana K. by M.G. McGeachy Schulman 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page iv Race, Class, and Gender in “Medieval” Cinema Cultural Studies of the Modern Middle Ages edited by Lynn T. Ramey and Tison Pugh edited by Eileen A. Joy, Myra J. Seaman, Kimberly K. Bell, and Mary K. Ramsey Allegory and Sexual Ethics in the High Middle Ages Hildegard of Bingen’s Unknown Language: by Noah D. Guynn An Edition, Translation, and Discussion by Sarah L. Higley England and Iberia in the Middle Ages, 12th–15th Century: Cultural, Literary, and Medieval Romance and the Construction of Political Exchanges Heterosexuality edited by María Bullón-Fernández by Louise M. Sylvester The Medieval Chastity Belt: A Myth-Making Communal Discord, Child Abduction, and Process Rape in the Later Middle Ages by Albrecht Classen by Jeremy Goldberg Claustrophilia: The Erotics of Enclosure in Lydgate Matters: Poetry and Material Culture in Medieval Literature the Fifteenth Century by Cary Howie edited by Lisa H. Cooper and Andrea Denny-Brown Cannibalism in High Medieval English Literature by Heather Blurton Sexuality and Its Queer Discontents in Middle English Literature The Drama of Masculinity and Medieval by Tison Pugh English Guild Culture by Christina M. Fitzgerald Sex, Scandal, and Sermon in Fourteenth-Century Spain: Juan Ruiz’s Libro de Buen Amor Chaucer’s Visions of Manhood by Louise M. Haywood by Holly A. Crocker The Erotics of Consolation: Desire and Distance The Literary Subversions of Medieval Women in the Late Middle Ages by Jane Chance edited by Catherine E. Léglu and Manmade Marvels in Medieval Culture and Stephen J. Milner Literature Battlefronts Real and Imagined: War, Border, by Scott Lightsey and Identity in the Chinese Middle Period American Chaucers edited by Don J. Wyatt by Candace Barrington Wisdom and Her Lovers in Medieval and Early Representing Others in Medieval Iberian Modern Hispanic Literature Literature by Emily C. Francomano by Michelle M. Hamilton Power, Piety, and Patronage in Late Medieval Paradigms and Methods in Early Medieval Queenship: Maria de Luna Studies by Nuria Silleras-Fernandez edited by Celia Chazelle and Felice In the Light of Medieval Spain: Islam, the Lifshitz West, and the Relevance of the Past The King and the Whore: King Roderick and edited by Simon R. Doubleday and La Cava David Coleman, foreword by Giles by Elizabeth Drayson Tremlett Langland’s Early Modern Identities Chaucerian Aesthetics by Sarah A. Kelen by Peggy A. Knapp 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page v Memory, Images, and the English Corpus Constructing Chaucer: Author and Autofiction Christi Drama in the Critical Tradition by Theodore K. Lerud by Geoffrey W. Gust Cultural Diversity in the British Middle Ages: Queens in Stone and Silver: The Creation of a Archipelago, Island, England Visual Imagery of Queenship in Capetian edited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen France by Kathleen Nolan Excrement in the Late Middle Ages: Sacred Filth and Chaucer’s Fecopoetics Finding Saint Francis in Literature and Art by Susan Signe Morrison edited by Cynthia Ho, Beth A. Mulvaney, and John K. Downey Authority and Subjugation in Writing of Medieval Wales Strange Beauty: Ecocritical Approaches to Early edited by Ruth Kennedy and Simon Medieval Landscape Meecham-Jones by Alfred K. Siewers The Medieval Poetics of the Reliquary: Berenguela of Castile (1180–1246) and Enshrinement, Inscription, Performance Political Women in the High Middle Ages by Seeta Chaganti by Miriam Shadis The Legend of Charlemagne in the Middle Julian of Norwich’s Legacy: Medieval Mysticism Ages: Power, Faith, and Crusade and Post-Medieval Reception edited by Matthew Gabriele and Jace edited by Sarah Salih and Denise N. Stuckey Baker The Poems of Oswald von Wolkenstein: An Medievalism, Multilingualism, and Chaucer English Translation of the Complete Works by Mary Catherine Davidson (1376/77–1445) The Letters of Heloise and Abelard: A by Albrecht Classen Translation of Their Complete Correspondence The Poems of Oswald von Wolkenstein: An and Related Writings English Translation of the Complete Works translated and edited by (1376/77–1445) Mary Martin McLaughlin with by Albrecht Classen Bonnie Wheeler Women and Experience in Later Medieval Women and Wealth in Late Medieval Europe Writing: Reading the Book of Life edited by Theresa Earenfight edited by Anneke B. Mulder-Bakker and Visual Power and Fame in René d’Anjou, Liz Herbert McAvoy Geoffrey Chaucer, and the Black Prince Ethics and Eventfulness in Middle English by SunHee Kim Gertz Literature: Singular Fortunes Geoffrey Chaucer Hath a Blog: Medieval by J. Allan Mitchell Studies and New Media Maintenance, Meed, and Marriage in Medieval by Brantley L. Bryant English Literature Margaret Paston’s Piety by Kathleen E. Kennedy by Joel T. Rosenthal The Post-Historical Middle Ages Heloise and the Paraclete: A Twelfth-Century edited by Elizabeth Scala and Sylvia Quest (forthcoming) Federico by Mary Martin McLaughlin This page intentionally left blank 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page vii ON FARTING LANGUAGE AND LAUGHTER IN THE MIDDLE AGES Valerie Allen 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page viii ONFARTING Copyright © Valerie Allen, 2007 All rights reserved. First published in hardcover in 2007 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States – a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–0–230–10039–8 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Allen, Valerie On farting : language and laughter in the Middle Ages / Valerie Allen. p. cm. —(The new Middle Ages) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–312–23493–7 (alk. paper) 1. Flatulence—Social aspects. 2. Flatulence—History. 3. Flatulence in literature. I. Title. II. Series: New Middle Ages (Palgrave (Firm)) GT2840.A45 2007 306.4—dc22 2006046360 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First PALGRAVE MACMILLAN paperback edition: May 2010 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. 0312234937ts01.qxd 30/03/2010 06:34 PM Page ix CONTENTS List of Plates and Figure xi Acknowledgments xiii List of Abbreviations xv Introduction: The Midden Age 1 THE BEGINNING 9 Old Farts 9 For the Edification of Copious Shitters and Costive Maidens Whose Hours at Siege Should Be Profitably Employed 15 “Sometimes I Sits and Thinks, Sometimes I Just Sits” 20 Hard Lessons 22 Logic 101 25 The Music AlbumMusical Bum 27 Butts and Instruments: Nature versus Art 30 The Musical Universe 33 Canticus Canticorum [Song of Songs] 35 Broken Air 38 The Nose Knows 42 I / Thou 45 One Flesh 53 Pneuma 62 A Short Excursus on Wind 66 Till Death Us Do Part 68 Inspiration 76 Stuck in the Lavatory 80 “There was an old lady who swallowed a fly...” 87 Farting at the Devil 90 Filthy Lucre 94 Shitting Ducats 97 Duck-Rabbit, Face-Bottom 106

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This book presents waste as an aesthetic category that introduces an arsy-versy world where detritus is precious. This aesthetic is applied in the second part to etymology, poking through the "paternal dungheaps" of words, and tracing their origins not to Eden but to Babel, puns, and word play. Fina
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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.