Observation of abiotic site properties: Results for

20 Pages·2008·2.91 MB·English

University of Hamburg SOUTH
Observation of abiotic site properties:
Results for biodiversity
and implications for monitoring
Petersen, Andreas (1)
Gröngröft, A. (1); Schmiedel U. (2), Jürgens, N. (2),
Eschenbach, A. (1); Miehlich, G. (1)
(1) Institute of Soil Science, University of Hamburg
(2) Biocentre Klein Flottbek, University of Hamburg
"Biodiversity of Africa - Observation and Sustainable Management for our Future!"
International Congress, 29 September – 3 October 2008, at Spier, RSA
University of Hamburg SOUTH
Outline
1. Soil as a part of ecosystem analyses and observation in BIOTA
2. Results of soil diversity in Biota South
3. Scales and future aspects of soil monitoring
"Biodiversity of Africa - Observation and Sustainable Management for our Future!"
International Congress, 29 September – 3 October 2008, at Spier, RSA
1. Soil as a central part for ecosystem analyses and observation
Role of soil in linkages in ecosystem components and services
soil diversity!
Source: Millenium ecosystem Assessment
2. Results of soil diversity
Methodology for soil diversity assessment
20 - 25 Soil profiles / obs.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 40 19 38 25 13 92 57 35 82 84
1 8 48 16 59 90 98 72 41 99 51
2 95 54 71 7 18 69 78 9 22 64
3 15 63 74 83 34 73 93 4 79 75
4 5 44 46 91 10 80 62 96 67 97
5 61 49 30 29 6 77 42 31 56 100
6 52 14 17 87 89 24 28 36 94 33
7 66 58 55 23 47 60 39 68 27 45
8 20 3 70 21 65 32 81 1 86 88
9 43 11 37 26 12 53 2 76 85 50
2. Results of soil diversity
S
u
m
m
Derived dataset in BIOTA South
e Namibia
r

r
a
i
n
f
a
l
l
22 observatories
Botswana
> 1000 soil profiles
> 4000 analysed samples
classification by
World Reference Base for Soil Resources
South
(FAO 1998, 2006)
W Africa
i
n
t
e
r

r
a
i
n
f
a
l
l
2. Results of soil diversity
Variability of soil parameters along the transect
Summer rainfall
Winter rainfall
600
600
500
440000
Mean annual precipitation (mm)
300
220000
100
0
0
Northern Namibia Namaqualand Cape
10
pH [CaCl ]
2
9
8 topsoil
profile
7
6
5
4
observatory
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 39 40 10 11 16 17 18 20 21 22 24 25 26 27 32 33
2. Results of soil diversity
Approaches to derive integrative pedodiversity indices
1. 2. 3.
Taxonomic Parametric Parametric
classification classification space
each with different settings
Number of Number of Size of
soil units WRB Soil eco-types ‘environmental envelope’
2. Results of soil diversity
parametric space
number of units number of SET
Pedodive1rs1it1y a2lon30g60 the1 1t1ra2 nsect 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 0 00 306 9 2 5 8 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
11 taxonomic 1 Parametric 1 Environmental S
u
22 classification 2 classification 2 envelope m
m
33 3 3 e
r

44 4 4 ar
i
n
55 5 5 f
a
l
l
66 6 6
393 3 3
9 9 9
404 4 4
0 0 0
s s s
tu1010 tu 10 m tu 10
d d e d
y 1111 y 11 an y 11
s s s
it1717 it 17 an it 17
e e u e
161 1 a 1
n 6 n 6 l n 6
u u r u
212 2 a 2
m 1 m 1 in m 1
b181 b 1 [m b 1
e 8 e 8 e 8
r r m r
202 2 2
0 0 ] 0
222 2 2
2 2 2
242 2 2
4 4 4
W
252 2 2
5 5 5 ni
262 2 2 et
6 6 6 r

272 2 2 ar
7 7 7
i
n
323 3 3 f
2 2 2 a
l
l
333 3 3
3 3 3
2. Results of soil diversity
Pedodiversity along the transect
Size and position of environmental envelopeper Observatory
Texture
11111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000.......................88888888888888888888888
00000000000000000000000.......................66666666666666666666666
00000000000000000000000.......................44444444444444444444444
00000000000000000000000.......................22222222222222222222222
00000000000000000000000
11111111111111111111111 11111111111111111111111
00000000000000000000000.......................88888888888888888888888 00000000000000000000000.......................88888888888888888888888
00000000000000000000000.......................66666666666666666666666 00000000000000000000000.......................66666666666666666666666
00000000000000000000000.......................44444444444444444444444 00000000000000000000000.......................44444444444444444444444
00000000000000000000000.......................22222222222222222222222 00000000000000000000000.......................22222222222222222222222 EC
pH-value
00000000000000000000000 00000000000000000000000
Petersen et al. (2008) Geoderma. in press
2. Results of soil diversity
Correlation of pedo- and phytodiversity
3D parametric space
0,404.55
27 22
24
R2 = 0.62
0,404.00
p < 0.001
26 20
0,303.55
)
%
( 0,303.00 25

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p
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l 0,202.55
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a 5
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n 0,101.00 6
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vn 0,000.55 4
E 21 2 3
40 33
17 1
0,0000
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
0 100 200 300 400
= Observatory
NumbeSrp ofe scpeiecises n/ oubsmerbvaetorry p(beesrt yoeabr)s.