Nursing research : generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice PDF
Preview Nursing research : generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice
LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page i Aptara Quick Guide to an Evidence Hierarchy of Designs for Cause-Probing Questions Level I a. Systematic review of RCTs b. Systematic review of nonrandomized trials Level II a. Single RCT b. Single nonrandomized trial Level III Systematic review of correlational/observational studies Level IV Single correlational/observational study Level V Systematic review of descriptive/qualitative/physiologic studies Level VI Single descriptive/qualitative/physiologic study Level VII Opinions of authorities, expert committees LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page ii Aptara LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page iii Aptara NURSING RESEARCH: GENERATING AND ASSESSING EVIDENCE FOR NURSING PRACTICE Ninth Edition Denise F. Polit, PhD, FAAN President Humanalysis, Inc. Saratoga Springs, New York, and Professor Griffith University School of Nursing Gold Coast, Australia (www.denisepolit.com) Cheryl Tatano Beck, DNSc, CNM, FAAN Distinguished Professor School of Nursing University of Connecticut Storrs, Connecticut LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page iv Aptara Acquisitions Editor: Hilarie Surrena Product Manager: Mary Kinsella Editorial Assistant: Amanda Jordan Design Coordinator: Joan Wendt Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc. Ninth edition Copyright © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 2008, 2004, 1999 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 1995, 1991, 1987, 1983, 1978 by J. B. Lippincott Company. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at 530 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, via email at [email protected], or via our website at lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Polit, Denise F., author. Nursing research : generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice / Denise F. Polit, PhD, FAAN, President, Humanalysis, Inc., Saratoga Springs, New York and Professor, Griffith University School of Nursing, Gold Coast, Australia (www.denisepolit.com), Cheryl Tatano Beck, DNSc, CNM, FAAN, Distinguished Professor, School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut. – Ninth Edition. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: “Thoroughly updated and revised to emphasize the link between research and evidence-based practice, this Ninth Edition of a classic textbook presents state-of-the-art methods for conducting high-quality studies. The ancillary Resource Manual includes application exercises, models of comprehensive research critiques, a full NINR grant application, and a Toolkit on a CD-ROM, containing exemplary research tools (e.g., consent forms, a demographic questionnaire, statistical table templates)—all in easily-adapted Word documents”—Provided by publisher. ISBN 978-1-60547-708-4 (hardback) 1. Nursing—Research—Methodology. I. Beck, Cheryl Tatano, author. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Nursing Research—methods. WY 20.5] RT81.5.P64 2012 610.73072—dc22 2010044281 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the author(s), editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The author(s), editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice. LWW.com LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page v Aptara TO The memory of Pat Hungler (1931–2010) who co-authored the first 6 editions of this book. LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 11/11/10 4:05 AM Page vi Aptara Acknowledgments T his ninth edition, like the previous eight research. We are also grateful for the insights of editions, depended on the contribution of Dr. Robert Gable regarding instrument develop- many individuals. Many faculty and students who ment in Chapter 15. Dr. Deborah Dillon McDonald used the text have made invaluable suggestions for was extraordinarily generous in giving us access to its improvement, and to all of you we are very her NINR grant application and related material for grateful. In addition to all those who assisted us the Resource Manual. during the past 30 years with the earlier editions, We also extend our thanks to those who helped the following individuals deserve special mention. to turn the manuscript into a finished product. The We would like to acknowledge the comments of staff at Lippincott Williams & Wilkins has been of the reviewers of the previous edition,anonymous to great assistance to us over the years. We are us initially, whose feedback greatly influenced our indebted to Hilarie Surrena, Mary Kinsella, Erika revisions. Several of the comments triggered our Kors, and all the others behind the scenes for their work on the new chapters,and on the re-organization fine contributions. Special thanks also to Jeri Litteral of content,and for this we are indebted. of Aptara, Inc., who was extremely diligent and Faculty at Griffith University in Australia made delightful. useful suggestions, and also inspired the inclusion Finally, we thank our family and friends. Our of some new content in this edition. Valori Banfi, husbands Alan and Chuck have perhaps become reference librarian at the University of Connecticut, accustomed to our demanding schedules, but we provided ongoing assistance, and Dr. Mary Ann recognize that their support involves a high degree Cordeau helped with the section on historical of patience and some sacrifices. vi LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 24/11/2010 02:21 AM Page vii Aptara Reviewers Jennifer Beck, PhD, RN, CNE Betsy Frank, RN, PhD, ANEF Interim Dean, School of Nursing Professor Our Lady of the Lake College Indiana State University College of Nursing Health Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Human Services Department of Baccalaureate Nursing Diane M. Breckenridge, PhD, MSN, RN Completion Associate Professor Terre Haute, Indiana La Salle University Nursing Research Director Sara L. Gill, PhD, RN, IBCLC Abington Memorial Hospital Associate Professor Philadelphia, Pennsylvania University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio School of Nursing Lynn Clark Callister, RN, PhD, FAAN San Antonio, Texas Professor Brigham Young University College of Nursing Angela Gillis, PhD, RN Provo, Utah Professor and Former Chair St. Francis Xavier University School of Deborah J. Clark, RN, PhD, MSN, MBA Nursing Director, BSN Program Antigonish, Nova Scotia ECPI, MCI, School of Health Science Virginia Beach, Virginia Valerie J. Gooder, PhD, RN Assistant Professor Bonnie S. Dean, PhD, RN Weber State University Assistant Professor Ogden, Utah Duquesne University School of Nursing Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Beverly G. Hart, RN, PhD, PMHNP-BC Professor of Baccalaureate and Graduate Debbie R. Faulk, PhD, RN, CNE Nursing Professor of Nursing Eastern Kentucky University EARN Program Coordinator Richmond, Kentucky Auburn Montgomery School of Nursing Montgomery, Alabama vii LWBK779-FM[i-xiv].qxd 24/11/2010 02:21 AM Page viii Aptara viii • Reviewers Karen L. Hessler, PhD, FNP-C Janice M. Polizzi, MSN, RN Assistant Professor of Nursing Associate Professor University of Northern Colorado Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences Greeley, Colorado Orlando, Florida Rebecca Keele, PhD Nursing, PHCNS-BC Laurel A. Quinn, ND, RN, CLNC, CNE Associate Professor of Nursing Chair, Department of Nursing New Mexico State University Trinity Christian College School of Nursing Palos Heights, Illinois College of Health and Social Services Kathy Reavy, PhD, RN Las Cruces, New Mexico Associate Professor Margaret A. Louis, RN, PhD, CNE, School of Nursing BC-Informatics Boise State University Boise, Idaho Associate Professor School of Nursing Mary Anne Hales Reynolds, RN, PhD, University of Nevada, Las Vegas ACNS-BC Carla L. Mueller, PhD, RN Associate Clinical Professor Professor School of Nursing Department of Nursing Idaho State University University of Saint Francis Pocatello, Idaho Fort Wayne, Indiana Ratchneewan Ross, PhD, RN Cynthia O’Neal, RN, PhD Associate Professor Assistant Professor College of Nursing Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Kent State University Lubbock, Texas Kent, Ohio Carolyn D. Pauling, RNC, PhD Marina Fowler Slemmons, PhD, CPNP Associate Professor of Nursing Professor Grand View University North Georgia College & State University Des Moines, Iowa Dahlonega, Georgia Michael Perlow, DNS, RN, BS, Biology; Amy Spurlock PhD, RN BSN; MSN; DNS Professor Troy University Interim Dean Troy, Alabama Murray State University Murray, Kentucky
Description:The list of books you might like
