Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering: Sixth European Conference on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (Graz, Austria, 6-8 ... in Engineering, Water and Earth Sciences)

808 Pages·2006·76.28 MB·English

by  Helmut F. Schweiger

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL
METHODS IN GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING, GRAZ, AUSTRIA, 6–8
SEPTEMBER 2006
Numerical Methods in
Geotechnical Engineering
Edited by
Helmut F. Schweiger
Graz University of Technology, Austria
LONDON / LEIDEN / NEW YORK / PHILADELPHIA / SINGAPORE
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publisher.
Although all care is taken to ensure the integrity and quality of this publication and the information herein, no
responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to property or persons as a result of
operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.
Published by: Taylor & Francis/Balkema
P.O. Box 447, 2300 AK Leiden, The Netherlands
e-mail: [email protected]
www.balkema.nl, www.tandf.co.uk, www.crcpress.com
ISBN10 Set: 0-415-40822-9 ISBN13 Set: 978-0-415-40822-6
ISBN10 Book: 0-415-40477-0 ISBN13 Book: 978-0-415-40477-8
ISBN10 CD: 0-415-40821-0 ISBN13 CD: 978-0-415-40821-9
Printed in Great-Britain
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering – Schweiger (ed.)
© 2006 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 0-415-40822-9
Table of Contents
Preface XV
ERTC7 benchmark exercise
Results from the ERTC7 benchmark exercise 3
H.F. Schweiger
Constitutive modeling and numerical implementation
Modeling the behavior of expansive clays 11
M. Sánchez, A. Gens, S. Olivella & L. do N. Guimara˜es
A constitutive model for undrained anisotropic behaviour of clays 19
G. Grimstad, S. Nordal & C. Athanasiu
Calculation of shear band thickness in sensitive clays 27
H.P. Jostad, L. Andresen & V. Thakur
Response envelopes of the elasto-plastic S-CLAY1 model 33
R. Zentar, N.-E. Abriak, M. Karstunen & D. Rangeard
Modelling small-strain stiffness with the multilaminate framework 41
F. Scharinger, H.F. Schweiger & G.N. Pande
An evaluation of constitutive models to predict the behaviour of fine-grained soils
with different degrees of overconsolidation 49
V. Hájek & D. Mašín
An elasto-plastic constitutive model for clays considering microstructure 57
L.R. Kong, P.Y. Hicher, C.S. Chang, H.W. Huang & D.M. Zhang
A multilaminate model with destructuration 63
V. Galavi & H.F. Schweiger
Coupled analysis of anin situexperiment in a soft argillaceous rock using
a new constitutive model 71
J. Vaunat, B. Garitte & A. Gens
An elasto-plastic cap model for partially saturated soils 79
R. Kohler & G. Hofstetter
Modelling of partly saturated weathered broken rock 87
E. Bauer, W. Cen, Y. Zhu, K. Kast & S.F. Tantono
A Generalized Plasticity approach for describing the behaviour of silty soils
forming the Venetian lagoon basin 93
L. Tonni, S. Cola & M. Pastor
Hypoplastic description of the frictional behaviour of contacts 101
M. Arnold & I. Herle
V
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Micro-polar modelling of a reinforced soil structure under shearing 107
S.F. Tantono & E. Bauer
A stress-strain integration algorithm for unsaturated soil elastoplasticity
with automatic error control 113
W.T. Solowski & D. Gallipoli
Implicit integration of a new hyperelastic mixed isotropic-kinematic hardening
model for structured clays 121
A. Amorosi, V. Germano & D. Boldini
Influence of the initial void ratio on the evolution of the passive earth pressure 127
J. Tejchman & E. Bauer
The relevance of small-strain soil stiffness in numerical simulation of excavation
and tunnelling projects 133
R.B.J. Brinkgreve, K.J. Bakker & P.G. Bonnier
Numerical study of pressuremeter strain and stress holding test 141
D. Rangeard, R. Zentar & N.-E. Abriak
Identification of soil parameters from pressuremeter tests 147
Z.Y. Yin, P.Y. Hicher & H.W. Huang
Investigation on the mechanical resistance of reinforced sand samples 153
A. Cividini & U. Arosio
Testing and modelling stabilised soft clay 157
P. Vepsalainen, A. Aalto & M. Lojander
Effect of testing conditions on the shear strength parameters – a numerical study 161
O. Ravaska
Hydro-bio-mechanical modelling of landfilled waste: Decomposition, density and moisture retention 167
J.R. McDougall
Dynamic problems
3-D FEM-BEM method for analysing the transmission vibrations of soil to a pile foundation 175
S. Messast, A. Boumekik & M. Mansouri
Dynamic analysis of piles embedded in transversely isotropic soils using hybrid elements 183
Assadollah Noorzad, Ali Noorzad & K. Mohammadi
Application of the Boundary Element method to analyze dynamic soil compaction control techniques 189
I. Paulmichl, C. Adam & D. Adam
Finite element analyzes of dynamic compaction techniques and integrated control methods 197
P. Erdmann, D. Adam & F. Kopf
Numerical approach of detection of foundations of buildings by propagation of a wave 205
P. Alfonsi & E. Bourgeois
Effective stress analysis for the seismic response of shallow foundations on liquefiable sand 211
K.I. Andrianopoulos, G.D. Bouckovalas, D.K. Karamitros & A.G. Papadimitriou
VI
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Vertical compliance function of adjacent surface rigid footings in heterogeneous soil layer 217
B. Sbartai & A. Boumekik
Efficient numerical simulation of waste landfills’seismic response 223
V. Zania, Y. Tsompanakis & P.N. Psarropoulos
Dynamic FE analysis of ground vibrations and mitigation measures for stationary
and non-stationary transient source 231
L. Kellezi
Three-dimensional analyses of transition zones at railway bridges 237
M.E. Smith, P.-E. Bengtsson & G. Holm
Free field vibrations due to the passage of high-speed trains 243
S. Sica, F. Santucci de Magistris & A. Melazzo
Application of pseudo-static limit analysis in geotechnical earthquake design 249
J. Shiau, A. Lyamin & S. Sloan
BIEM for seismic wave propagation in fluid saturated multilayered media 257
P. Dineva, M. Datcheva & T. Schanz
Discontinuum modelling
Numerical modeling of the soil structure interaction during sinkholes 267
M. Caudron, F. Emeriault, R. Kastner & M. Al Heib
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics for soil mechanics 275
H.H. Bui, R. Fukagawa & K. Sako
Research on the pre-process of three dimensional composite element method
for discontinuous rock 283
S. Qiang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhu & S. Chen
Tunnels and caverns
The influence of the soil-structure interface on tunnel induced building deformation 291
J.N. Franzius & D.M. Potts
Morphological effects on settlements induced by shallow tunnelling 299
D. Segato & G. Scarpelli
Eurocode-based ultimate limit state design of NATM tunnels using nonlinear
constitutive models for sprayed concrete and soil 305
H. Walter
Numerical investigation of the failure of a shotcrete lining 313
R. Pöttler
Three-dimensional modelling for the widening of existing tunnels 319
G. Altamura & S. Miliziano
Squeezing effects in the excavation of deep tunnels 325
D. Sterpi
VII
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Numerical modeling of tunnel lining at high temperature 333
M. Zaki Abd Elrehim & G. Swoboda
A “multi-phase” model for finite element analysis of traction forces in bolts
used in the reinforcement of tunnel walls 341
E. Bourgeois, C. Rospars, P. Humbert & P. de Buhan
Abandonment of caverns in rock salt mass 347
K. Staudtmeister & D. Zander-Schiebenhöfer
Long-term behavior of shield tunnel crossing the new-built embankment in soft soil 353
J.-Y. Yan, D.-M. Zhang & H.-W. Huang
Excavation plan and preliminary support design of an underground control room
using 3D analysis in soft and weathered rocks 359
F. Vahedi Fard, M. Talebi, F. Jafarzadeh & M. Dianat Nejad
Socorridos pumping station – numerical modelling 367
A. Pedro, J.A. Sousa, A. Ambrósio & J.M. de Brito
Deep excavations and retaining walls
Excavation-induced ground movements behind a single-propped wall 375
M.Z.E.B. Elshafie, R.J. Mair, K. Soga & C.K. Choy
Elastic-plastic flexure of embedded retaining walls 383
P.J. Bourne-Webb, D.M. Potts, S. Godden & D. Rowbottom
Large scale excavation model test on single strutted sheet pile wall and back calculation
of soil parameters 391
T.H. Tefera, S. Nordal & R. Sandven
Parametric FE study of loads and displacements of braced excavations in soft clay 399
L. Andresen
Numerical modeling of propped retaining walls – influence of parameters 405
H. Popa, L. Thorel, C. Gaudin & J. Garnier
Elastoplastic joint element for the finite element analysis of the Hochstetten sheet pile wall 411
F. Elmi, E. Bourgeois, A. Pouya & C. Rospars
Numerical modelling of a diaphragm wall production process in Rotterdam compared to
monitoring data 417
H.P. Neher & A. Lächler
Back analysis on the deep excavation in Stockholm with finite element method 423
J.Q. Ma, B.S. Berggren, P.E. Bengtsson, H. Stille & S. Hintze
Design of a deep building pit with numerical and limit equilibrium methods 431
V. Rac(cid:1)anský, R. Thurner & C. Kummerer
Numerical modelling of earth pressure loading of the vertical stem of L-shaped retaining walls 437
M. Achmus
VIII
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Embankments
The pre-failure deformation of an embankment predicted by two kinematic hardening models 447
A. Grammatikopoulou, L. Zdravkovic & D.M. Potts
Numerical modelling of Murro test embankment with S-CLAY1S 455
M. Koskinen & M. Karstunen
Numerical design, installation and monitoring of a load transfer platform (LTP)
for a railway embankment near Rotterdam 463
A.E.C. van der Stoel, J.M. Klaver, A.T. Balder & A.P. de Lange
Results of the settlement prediction exercise of an embankment founded on soil
improved by stone columns 471
Ph. Mestat, J.P. Magnan & A. Dhouib
Deformation analyses of land reclamation and a test construction with finite element method 477
M.M. Hassan, M. Lojander & J. Takala
Slopes and cuts
Factors of safety by limit equilibrium and strength reduction methods 485
Y.M. Cheng, W.B. Wei & T. Länsivaara
Slope safety factor calculations with non-linear yield criterion using finite elements 491
J. Clausen & L. Damkilde
A study on interslice force function and line of thrust in slope stability analysis 497
K. Aryal, L. Grande & R. Sandven
Sensitivity analyses of global stability in sanitary landfills 501
I. Petrovic, D. Kovacic, T. Ivsic & F. Veric
Numerical analysis of the behaviour of a cut slope in stiff clays by finite difference method 507
P. Lollino, F. Santaloia, A. Amorosi & F. Cotecchia
Simulation of a large excavation using a Hoek-Brown model 513
T. Benz, R. Kauther & R. Schwab
Investigation of interaction of landslide soil with the piles of a double-row construction
with the help of the finite-element method 519
S. Matsiy, Ph. Derevenets & S. Shiyan
Numerical analysis of an open excavation close to an embankment on improved ground 525
J.A. Barco, J. Cañizal, J. Castro, A. da Costa & C. Sagaseta
Shallow foundations
Undrained bearing capacity and mechanisms of collapse of square footings under
vertical and moment loads 533
S. Gourvenec
Advanced FE versus classical settlement analyses 539
J. Hintner, P.A. Vermeer & C. Baun
IX
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Foundation analyses with unsaturated soil model for different suction profiles 547
A.A. Abed & P.A. Vermeer
Piles
Numerical modelling of laterally loaded short pile 557
S.W. Lee, A.R. Pickles & T.O. Henderson
Modelling piles under multi-directional loading conditions 563
N.H. Levy & I. Einav
Nonlinear analysis of laterally loaded piles by a pseudo three-dimensional FE model 569
Dj.A. Bouzid, B. Tiliouine & P.A. Vermeer
Numerical modelling of the combined axial and lateral loading of vertical piles 575
K. Abdel-Rahman & M. Achmus
Analysis of piled raft foundations with piles of different lengths subjected to horizontal
and vertical loadings 583
H.S.W. Chow & J.C. Small
Prediction of pile group response using a simplified non-linear finite element model 589
B.A. McCabe & B.M. Lehane
Numerical investigation into stress and strain development around a displacement pile in sand 595
J. Dijkstra, W. Broere & A.F. van Tol
Axisymmetric and 3D analyses of pile test using FEM 601
V. De Gennaro, I. Said & R. Frank
Interpretation of pile load test failure using FEM simulation 607
S.A. Tan & T.Y. Bui
Different aspects of large deformation contact formulations applied to pile-soil FE-analysis 613
K.A. Fischer & D. Sheng
Numerical analyses of pile foundation in complex geological conditions 619
Y. El-Mossallamy
Reliability and probability analysis
Implementation and validation of a simple probabilistic tool for finite element codes 629
S. van Baars
Inverse analysis of an embankment using the Ensemble Kalman Filter including
heterogeneity of the soft soil 635
A. Hommels & F. Molenkamp
System reliability assessment of friction drilled shafts in gravel soils 641
A.M. Harraz & M.M. El-Meligy
Artificial intelligence
A neural network equivalent of hardening soil model of PLAXIS 651
S.I. Drakos & G.N. Pande
X
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Application of artificial neural networks in solving inversion problem of surface wave method 657
T. Akhlaghi
Simulating the seismic response of an embankment using soft computing techniques 663
E.C. Georgopoulos, Y. Tsompanakis, N.D. Lagaros & P.N. Psarropoulos
Hybrid neural network and genetic algorithm approach to the prediction of
bearing capacity of driven piles 671
H.I. Park, J.W. Seok & D.J. Hwang
Application of evolutionary programming techniques in geotechnical engineering 677
M. Rezania & A.A. Javadi
Miscellaneous
Some experiences developing software for seepage with phreatic surfaces 685
M. Mavroulidou, M.J. Gunn & R.I. Woods
Flow-deformation due to two-phase flow: A loose coupling simulation 693
A. Chinkulkijniwat & S. Semprich
Identification of characteristic coefficient of seepage in inhomogeneous
and anisotropic rock masses 701
Y. Zhu, D. Sun, W. Cen & S. Semprich
Numerical determination of soil deformations around a penetrating object
in 2D and 3D models 707
S. Farhangi, D.J. Richards & C.R.I. Clayton
CIP-based numerical simulation for large deformation problems considering the
interaction between geomaterial and rigid body 713
K. Sawada, S. Moriguchi, A. Yashima, M. Goshima, S. Inoue & Y. Nishida
Reservoir, dam and rock mass interaction modeling 721
D. Divac, D. Vuckovic, M. Zivkovic & S. Vulovic
Study on rheological property of rockfill and its influence on deformation and stress
in concrete face rockfill dams 727
W. Cen, Y. Zhu & G. Heigerth
Sensitivity analysis to examine tree root effectiveness in soft ground stabilisation 735
B. Indraratna & B. Fatahi
Parallel three dimensional finite element analysis of dinosaur trackway formation 743
L. Margetts, J.M. Leng, I.M. Smith & P.L. Manning
Finite element analysis of buried flexible culverts subjected to rockfall loading 751
R. Ebeltoft, J. Gloppestad & S. Nordal
Two and three-dimensional modeling of abutment-backfill system on soft ground 759
S. Dashdorj, S. Miura, S. Yokohama & K. Masumura
Special session on numerical modelling of ground improvement
Stone columns – group behaviour and influence of footing flexibility 767
W.C.S. Wehr
XI
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK
Exercise on calculation of stone columns – Priebe method and FEM 773
J. Wehr & I. Herle
Modelling stone columns in soft clay 777
P. Andreou & V. Papadopoulos
Bearing capacity of group of stone columns 781
M. Etezad, A.M. Hanna & T. Ayadat
Tracking the settlement of sand layers stabilized by stone piles using numerical modeling 787
M.F. Mishriki, J.D. Hussin, E.A. Eissa, S.I. Shalaby & A.K. Ashmawy
Numerical modelling of deep mixing by volume averaging technique 793
U. Vogler, M. Karstunen & H. Krenn
Equivalent-uniform soil model for the seismic response analysis of sites improved with inclusions 801
G.D. Bouckovalas, A.G. Papadimitriou, A. Kondis & G.J. Bakas
Equivalence between 2D and 3D numerical simulations of the seismic response of improved sites 809
A.G. Papadimitriou, G.D. Bouckovalas, A.C. Vytiniotis & G.J. Bakas
Three-dimensional modelling of an embankment over soft soil improved by rigid piles 817
O. Jenck, D. Dias & R. Kastner
Influence of the soil nonlinearity and the interface on the seismic response of micropiles 823
H. Al Saleh & I. Shahrour
Modeling various types of reinforced soil by the finite element method – application
to piled raft foundations 829
M. Yazdchi, H.C. Yeow & B. Simpson
Numerical modelling of vertical drains with advanced constitutive models 835
A. Yildiz, M. Karstunen & H. Krenn
Coupling finite elements and discrete elements methods, application to reinforced
embankment by piles and geosynthetics 843
B. Le Hello, P. Villard, A. Nancey & Ph. Delmas
D.E.M. modeling in impact condition of geocomposite cells dedicated to rockfall
protection barriers 849
D. Bertrand, Ph. Gotteland, S. Lambert & F. Nicot
Experimental observations and theoretical interpretation of the mechanical behaviour
of a grouted pyroclastic silty sand 857
A. Flora, S. Lirer, A. Amorosi & G. Elia
Numerical method for sheet pile quay walls with sea-side ground improvement 865
M.R.A. Khan, K. Hayano & M. Kitazume
XII
Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group plc, London, UK