Nuclei with Z = 61 - 73

5143 Pages·2013·20.421 MB·English

by  S. I. Sukhoruchkin, Z. N. Soroko (auth.), H. Schopper (eds.)

New
Series
Numerical Data
and Functional Relationships
in Science and Technology
GROUP I VOLUME 25
Elementary Excited
Particles,
Nuclei and Atoms
Nuclear States
SUBVOLUME D
Nuclei with Z = 61 − 73
123
Landolt-Börnstein / New Series
Landolt-Börnstein
Numerical Data and Functional Relationships
in Science and Technology

New Series

Units and Fundamental Constants in Physics and Chemistry
Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms (Group I)

(Formerly: Nuclear and Particle Physics)
Molecules and Radicals (Group II)

(Formerly: Atomic and Molecular Physics)
Condensed Matter (Group III)

(Formerly: Solid State Physics)
Physical Chemistry (Group IV)

(Formerly: Macroscopic Properties of Matter)
Geophysics (Group V)
Astronomy and Astrophysics (Group VI)
Biophysics (Group VII)
Advanced Materials and Technologies (Group VIII)

Some of the group names have been changed to provide a better description of their contents.
Lanndolt-Börrnstein
Nummerical Dataa and Functiional Relatioonships in SScience andd Technologgy
New Series

Grooup I: Eleementaryy Particlees, Nuclei and Atooms
Vollume 25

Excited NNucllear Stattes

Subbvolume D
Nucclei with Z = 61 −− 73

S.I. Sukhoruuchkin, ZZ.N. Sorooko

and

E. GGrosse, AA.R. Jungghans

Editted by H. SSchopper
ISSN 1615-1844 (Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms)

ISBN 978-3-642-30695-2 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik, Neue Serie
Vol. I/25D: Editor: H. Schopper
At head of title: Landolt-Börnstein. Added t.p.: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology.
Tables chiefly in English.
Intended to supersede the Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen by H. Landolt and R. Börnstein of which the 6th ed. began publication in 1950 under title:
Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Physik, Chemie, Astronomie, Geophysik und Technik.
Vols. published after v. 1 of group I have imprint: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag
Includes bibliographies.
1. Physics--Tables. 2. Chemistry--Tables. 3. Engineering--Tables.
I. Börnstein, R. (Richard), 1852-1913. II. Landolt, H. (Hans), 1831-1910.
III. Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen. IV. Title: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology.
QC61.23 502'.12 62-53136

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SPIN: 8006 2438 63/3020 - 5 4 3 2 1 0 – Printed on acid-free paper
Editor
H. Schopper
CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland
e-mail: [email protected]
Authors
S.I. Sukhoruchkin Z.N. Soroko
Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute
188300 Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia 188300 Gatchina, Leningrad District, Russia
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction Introduction
Tables of Excited Nuclear States Tables of Excited Nuclear States
Contributors to Introduction
E. Grosse A.R. Junghans
Institute of Radiation Physics Institute of Radiation Physics
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf
P.O. Box 510119 P.O. Box 510119
01314 Dresden, Germany 01314 Dresden, Germany
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
and Photon Scattering by Nuclei
Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics
Technische Universität Dresden
01062 Dresden, Germany
Photon Scattering by Nuclei

Landolt-Börnstein
Springer Internet
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Preface to I/25
Several volumes have been published during the past years in this Series presenting data on nuclear
excited states. New recently developed experimental methods have allowed obtaining a surprisingly large
amount of additional information on atomic nuclei which justify the publication of this additional volume.
Its five Subvolumes contain the data of excited states of nuclei with increasing number of Z. As in
previous volumes a part of the higher exited states is not included in the printed version but is collected in
the Supplement which can be accessed electronically. In Table 1 of each Subvolume the number of levels
in the printed version and the Supplement is shown.

In addition to the data tables the Subvolumes contain some chapters on the new experimental methods or
the evaluation of the data. Of particular importance are data obtained by gamma spectroscopy following
neutron capture and gamma scattering. Many new interesting data on isomeric states have been observed
which will be treated in a special chapter.

The knowledge of data of atomic nuclei is interesting for both, theoretical and practical applications. The
many-body complex of nuclei is still not understood in detail and cannot be derived from the basis of
QCD. And nuclear technology in its various forms will play a considerable role for many years to come.

I should like to thank the authors who have become well known experts in their field for their careful
work and their flexibility to comply with the wishes of the editor and publisher. Thanks are also due to
the members of the Landolt-Börnstein editorial staff and the production department of the publisher who
have made major contributions to the successful production of this volume.

Geneva, November 2012 The Editor
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 General Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Photon Scattering by Nuclei (E. GROSSE, A.R. JUNGHANS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 Photon Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Kinematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Compton scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2.3 Photon Beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Nuclear gamma ray beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Photon beams from Compton backscattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Bremsstrahlung beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Positron annihilation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.2.4 Photon Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Scintilators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Semiconductor detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Experimental procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Calibrations and simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.2.5 Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Underlying formalism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Self-absorption and Doppler effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Unresolved resonances and spectral strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Electric dipole strength and the IVGDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
1.2.6 Results of Nuclear Structure Studies by Photon Scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Electric dipole scattering through coupled phonon modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Magnetic dipole strength in nuclear photon scattering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Electric quadrupole excitation by photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
E1 strength in an ‘isoscalar pygmy’ peak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Photon scattering up to particle emission thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Photon scattering in the range of the IVGDR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
1.2.7 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
1.3 Data Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
1.4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1.5 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2 Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

61-Promethium Pm-133 . . . . . . 40 Pm-137 . . . . . . 45
Pm-129 . . . . . . 39 Pm-134 . . . . . . 41 Pm-138 . . . . . . 45
Pm-131 . . . . . . 39 Pm-135 . . . . . . 42 Pm-139 . . . . . . 46
Pm-132 . . . . . . 39 Pm-136 . . . . . . 43 Pm-140 . . . . . . 48
VIII Contents
Pm-141 . . . . . . 48 Eu-145 . . . . . . 110 Tb-154 . . . . . . 187
Pm-142 . . . . . . 50 Eu-146 . . . . . . 112 Tb-155 . . . . . . 188
Pm-143 . . . . . . 52 Eu-147 . . . . . . 112 Tb-156 . . . . . . 190
Pm-144 . . . . . . 54 Eu-148 . . . . . . 115 Tb-157 . . . . . . 190
Pm-145 . . . . . . 54 Eu-149 . . . . . . 117 Tb-158 . . . . . . 192
Pm-146 . . . . . . 55 Eu-150 . . . . . . 119 Tb-159 . . . . . . 193
Pm-147 . . . . . . 55 Eu-151 . . . . . . 120 Tb-160 . . . . . . 195
Pm-148 . . . . . . 57 Eu-152 . . . . . . 124 Tb-161 . . . . . . 196
Pm-149 . . . . . . 58 Eu-153 . . . . . . 125 Tb-162 . . . . . . 196
Pm-151 . . . . . . 59 Eu-154 . . . . . . 129 Tb-163 . . . . . . 197
Pm-152 . . . . . . 61 Eu-155 . . . . . . 131 Tb-166 . . . . . . 197
Pm-153 . . . . . . 61 Eu-156 . . . . . . 132 66-Dysprosium
Pm-154 . . . . . . 62 Eu-157 . . . . . . 133 Dy-140 . . . . . . 198
Pm-155 . . . . . . 63 Eu-159 . . . . . . 133 Dy-142 . . . . . . 198
Pm-156 . . . . . . 63 64-Gadolinium Dy-143 . . . . . . 198
62-Samarium Gd-138 . . . . . . 134 Dy-144 . . . . . . 199
Sm-130 . . . . . . 64 Gd-139 . . . . . . 134 Dy-145 . . . . . . 200
Sm-132 . . . . . . 64 Gd-140 . . . . . . 135 Dy-146 . . . . . . 201
Sm-133 . . . . . . 64 Gd-141 . . . . . . 136 Dy-147 . . . . . . 201
Sm-134 . . . . . . 65 Gd-142 . . . . . . 136 Dy-148 . . . . . . 202
Sm-135 . . . . . . 66 Gd-143 . . . . . . 140 Dy-149 . . . . . . 202
Sm-136 . . . . . . 66 Gd-144 . . . . . . 140 Dy-150 . . . . . . 202
Sm-137 . . . . . . 68 Gd-145 . . . . . . 142 Dy-151 . . . . . . 203
Sm-138 . . . . . . 69 Gd-146 . . . . . . 144 Dy-152 . . . . . . 205
Sm-139 . . . . . . 70 Gd-147 . . . . . . 145 Dy-153 . . . . . . 207
Sm-140 . . . . . . 71 Gd-148 . . . . . . 148 Dy-154 . . . . . . 209
Sm-141 . . . . . . 71 Gd-149 . . . . . . 149 Dy-155 . . . . . . 211
Sm-142 . . . . . . 72 Gd-150 . . . . . . 151 Dy-156 . . . . . . 214
Sm-143 . . . . . . 75 Gd-151 . . . . . . 152 Dy-157 . . . . . . 217
Sm-144 . . . . . . 75 Gd-152 . . . . . . 155 Dy-158 . . . . . . 219
Sm-145 . . . . . . 77 Gd-153 . . . . . . 157 Dy-159 . . . . . . 220
Sm-146 . . . . . . 79 Gd-154 . . . . . . 159 Dy-160 . . . . . . 222
Sm-147 . . . . . . 80 Gd-155 . . . . . . 162 Dy-161 . . . . . . 225
Sm-148 . . . . . . 81 Gd-156 . . . . . . 164 Dy-162 . . . . . . 227
Sm-149 . . . . . . 83 Gd-157 . . . . . . 166 Dy-163 . . . . . . 234
Sm-150 . . . . . . 85 Gd-158 . . . . . . 167 Dy-164 . . . . . . 243
Sm-151 . . . . . . 87 Gd-159 . . . . . . 169 Dy-165 . . . . . . 244
Sm-152 . . . . . . 90 Gd-160 . . . . . . 169 Dy-166 . . . . . . 244
Sm-153 . . . . . . 91 Gd-161 . . . . . . 171 Dy-167 . . . . . . 245
Sm-154 . . . . . . 95 Gd-162 . . . . . . 171 Dy-168 . . . . . . 245
Sm-155 . . . . . . 97 Gd-164 . . . . . . 171 Dy-170 . . . . . . 245
Sm-156 . . . . . . 99 65-Terbium 67-Holmium
Sm-157 . . . . . . 100 Tb-140 . . . . . . 172 Ho-141 . . . . . . 246
Sm-158 . . . . . . 100 Tb-141 . . . . . . 172 Ho-144 . . . . . . 246
Sm-159 . . . . . . 101 Tb-142 . . . . . . 172 Ho-145 . . . . . . 247
Sm-160 . . . . . . 101 Tb-143 . . . . . . 173 Ho-147 . . . . . . 247
63-Europium Tb-144 . . . . . . 174 Ho-148 . . . . . . 248
Eu-136 . . . . . . 102 Tb-145 . . . . . . 175 Ho-149 . . . . . . 249
Eu-137 . . . . . . 102 Tb-146 . . . . . . 176 Ho-150 . . . . . . 249
Eu-138 . . . . . . 102 Tb-147 . . . . . . 177 Ho-151 . . . . . . 250
Eu-139 . . . . . . 103 Tb-148 . . . . . . 179 Ho-152 . . . . . . 250
Eu-140 . . . . . . 104 Tb-149 . . . . . . 179 Ho-153 . . . . . . 251
Eu-141 . . . . . . 105 Tb-150 . . . . . . 181 Ho-154 . . . . . . 252
Eu-142 . . . . . . 106 Tb-151 . . . . . . 181 Ho-155 . . . . . . 253
Eu-143 . . . . . . 108 Tb-152 . . . . . . 185 Ho-156 . . . . . . 254
Eu-144 . . . . . . 109 Tb-153 . . . . . . 185 Ho-157 . . . . . . 255
Contents IX
Ho-158 . . . . . . 258 Tm-158 . . . . . . 336 Lu-160 . . . . . . 394
Ho-159 . . . . . . 260 Tm-159 . . . . . . 337 Lu-161 . . . . . . 394
Ho-160 . . . . . . 261 Tm-160 . . . . . . 337 Lu-162 . . . . . . 397
Ho-161 . . . . . . 262 Tm-161 . . . . . . 338 Lu-163 . . . . . . 398
Ho-162 . . . . . . 264 Tm-162 . . . . . . 339 Lu-164 . . . . . . 402
Ho-163 . . . . . . 265 Tm-163 . . . . . . 342 Lu-165 . . . . . . 403
Ho-164 . . . . . . 266 Tm-164 . . . . . . 344 Lu-166 . . . . . . 406
Ho-165 . . . . . . 267 Tm-165 . . . . . . 346 Lu-167 . . . . . . 408
Ho-166 . . . . . . 273 Tm-166 . . . . . . 349 Lu-168 . . . . . . 410
Ho-167 . . . . . . 277 Tm-167 . . . . . . 352 Lu-169 . . . . . . 411
Ho-168 . . . . . . 278 Tm-168 . . . . . . 353 Lu-170 . . . . . . 413
Ho-169 . . . . . . 278 Tm-169 . . . . . . 356 Lu-171 . . . . . . 415
Ho-170 . . . . . . 278 Tm-170 . . . . . . 358 Lu-172 . . . . . . 417
68-Erbium Tm-171 . . . . . . 358 Lu-173 . . . . . . 418
Er-144 . . . . . . 279 Tm-172 . . . . . . 359 Lu-174 . . . . . . 419
Er-145 . . . . . . 279 Tm-173 . . . . . . 360 Lu-175 . . . . . . 420
Er-147 . . . . . . 279 Tm-174 . . . . . . 360 Lu-176 . . . . . . 422
Er-148 . . . . . . 280 Tm-175 . . . . . . 360 Lu-177 . . . . . . 426
Er-149 . . . . . . 280 70-Ytterbium Lu-178 . . . . . . 427
Er-150 . . . . . . 281 Yb-151 . . . . . . 361 Lu-179 . . . . . . 428
Er-151 . . . . . . 281 Yb-152 . . . . . . 361 Lu-180 . . . . . . 428
Er-152 . . . . . . 282 Yb-153 . . . . . . 361 72-Hafnium
Er-153 . . . . . . 282 Yb-154 . . . . . . 362 Hf-154 . . . . . . 429
Er-154 . . . . . . 283 Yb-155 . . . . . . 362 Hf-156 . . . . . . 429
Er-155 . . . . . . 283 Yb-156 . . . . . . 362 Hf-157 . . . . . . 429
Er-156 . . . . . . 284 Yb-157 . . . . . . 363 Hf-158 . . . . . . 430
Er-157 . . . . . . 286 Yb-158 . . . . . . 364 Hf-159 . . . . . . 430
Er-158 . . . . . . 288 Yb-159 . . . . . . 365 Hf-160 . . . . . . 431
Er-159 . . . . . . 289 Yb-160 . . . . . . 365 Hf-161 . . . . . . 431
Er-160 . . . . . . 291 Yb-161 . . . . . . 367 Hf-162 . . . . . . 431
Er-161 . . . . . . 295 Yb-162 . . . . . . 368 Hf-163 . . . . . . 432
Er-162 . . . . . . 297 Yb-163 . . . . . . 369 Hf-164 . . . . . . 432
Er-163 . . . . . . 299 Yb-164 . . . . . . 370 Hf-165 . . . . . . 433
Er-164 . . . . . . 304 Yb-165 . . . . . . 372 Hf-166 . . . . . . 434
Er-165 . . . . . . 306 Yb-166 . . . . . . 372 Hf-167 . . . . . . 436
Er-166 . . . . . . 308 Yb-167 . . . . . . 374 Hf-168 . . . . . . 437
Er-167 . . . . . . 314 Yb-168 . . . . . . 376 Hf-169 . . . . . . 441
Er-168 . . . . . . 315 Yb-169 . . . . . . 379 Hf-170 . . . . . . 443
Er-169 . . . . . . 325 Yb-170 . . . . . . 382 Hf-171 . . . . . . 446
Er-170 . . . . . . 328 Yb-171 . . . . . . 383 Hf-172 . . . . . . 448
Er-171 . . . . . . 329 Yb-172 . . . . . . 384 Hf-173 . . . . . . 452
Er-172 . . . . . . 330 Yb-173 . . . . . . 385 Hf-174 . . . . . . 453
Er-174 . . . . . . 331 Yb-174 . . . . . . 386 Hf-175 . . . . . . 456
Er-175 . . . . . . 331 Yb-175 . . . . . . 387 Hf-176 . . . . . . 457
69-Thulium Yb-176 . . . . . . 388 Hf-177 . . . . . . 463
Tm-145 . . . . . . 332 Yb-177 . . . . . . 389 Hf-178 . . . . . . 465
Tm-146 . . . . . . 332 Yb-178 . . . . . . 390 Hf-179 . . . . . . 470
Tm-147 . . . . . . 332 71-Lutetium Hf-180 . . . . . . 473
Tm-150 . . . . . . 333 Lu-150 . . . . . . 391 Hf-181 . . . . . . 477
Tm-151 . . . . . . 333 Lu-151 . . . . . . 391 Hf-182 . . . . . . 477
Tm-152 . . . . . . 333 Lu-153 . . . . . . 391 Hf-183 . . . . . . 478
Tm-153 . . . . . . 333 Lu-154 . . . . . . 391 Hf-184 . . . . . . 478
Tm-154 . . . . . . 334 Lu-155 . . . . . . 392 73-Tantalum
Tm-155 . . . . . . 335 Lu-156 . . . . . . 392 Ta-155 . . . . . . 479
Tm-156 . . . . . . 335 Lu-157 . . . . . . 393 Ta-156 . . . . . . 479
Tm-157 . . . . . . 335 Lu-159 . . . . . . 393 Ta-157 . . . . . . 479