Nuclear Theory PDF
Preview Nuclear Theory
1,391,446 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:29 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP 4 9 76 PHOENIX PROJECT 2 In Memory Of 3e 015001d-googl W. SENCENBA•CG 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:34 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:37 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:38 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP NUCLEAR THEORY 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:38 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP ADDISON-WESLEY SERIES IN ADVANCED PHYSICS Feenberg and Pake — QUANTUM THEORY OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM — Goldstein CLASSICAL MECHANICS Landau and Lifshitz — THE CLASSICAL THEORY OF FIELDS — Sachs NUCLEAR THEORY OTHER A-W PHYSICS BOOKS Gregg, Hammond, and Frost — ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS Holton — INTRODUCTION TO CONCEPTS AND THEORIES IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE — Knauss DISCOVERING PHYSICS Mitchell — FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS — Sears and Zemansky COLLEGE PHYSICS Sears and Zemansky — UNIVERSITY PHYSICS — Walker DISCOVERING PHYSICS BY EXPERIMENT PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS SERIES Bitter — NUCLEAR PHYSICS Randall — INTRODUCTION TO ACOUSTICS — Sears MECHANICS, HEAT, AND SOUND •Sears — ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM ,Sears — OPTICS Sears — THERMODYNAMICS, THE KINETIC THEORY OF GASES, AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS — Symon MECHANICS 4 9 6 7 32e A-W SERIES IN NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 015001d-googl Goodman — INTRODUCTION TO PILE THEORY 39#p (The Science and Engineering of Nuclear Power, I) 027/mdp.cess_use GHuogo(Tdhmhesean—Sc—iePnIcALePEPaLNnICdEAUTETInROgONiNnSeeROrEFinSgENAUoRCfCLNHEAucRleaErNEPRoGwYer, II) et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:39 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP NUCLEAR THEORY ROBERT G. SACHS Professor ofPhysics University of Wisconsin 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 1953 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY, Inc. 24 23:40 Gdigitized / CAMBRIDGE 42, MASS. 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP Phoenix Copyright 1958 ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING COMPANY, Inc. Printed in the United States of America ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THIS BOOK, OR PARTS THEREOF, MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED IN ANT FORM WITHOUT WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHERS. Library of Congress Catalog No. 58-12055 4 9 6 7 2 3e 015001d-googl 9p 3# p.e md_us 7/ss 2e 0c et/2g/ac dl.handle.nathitrust.or hh p://ww. MT / htthttp://w 24 23:40 Gdigitized / 2-e- 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP PREFACE Although a completely satisfactory theory of nuclei has still to come into being, there does exist a widely accepted theoretical approach to the understanding of nuclear phenomena. Most workers in the field start from the same broad interpretations of the qualitative features of the data and most use the same, or closely related, methods of analysis. These basic ideas and techniques of nuclear theory constitute the principal sub ject matter of this book. However, some departures from generally ac cepted views may occur as a consequence of the need to select material for presentation, the selection being unavoidably influenced by the taste and judgment of the author. The treatment of the subject has been governed largely by the author's teaching experience. He has found that graduate students, especially those preparing for experimental work in nuclear physics, respond well to a detailed treatment of theoretical questions, so it seemed best to treat rather completely a coherent set of topics of general interest. The desire to keep the length of the book within bounds has therefore resulted in the neglect of a number of interesting matters, among them such topics as nuclear fission, the liquid drop model, the theory of angular correlations of radiations from nuclei, forbidden beta transitions, and so on. Despite these gaps, it is hoped that the reader will be able to sense the spirit and 4 9 6 learn the basic methods of theoretical nuclear physics. 7 2 90150013pd-google tinhetPrainerxstipicceurliinamtreenreetmastlphafaanscditssimiasrpepo,lratoacenndceth,oenawtnhhdeolfeto,wros-oubtsohcdeeyrptribpelareosboltneosm,sitmoboep.cleauFsaeonarolyfosniiset.s, 3# mdp._use Hence these facts are discussed in detail although it has been impossible 7/ss to keep the discussion exactly up to date. The detailed analysis is to be 2e et/20g/acc taken as a consistent approach to the interpretation of the data rather dl.handle.nathitrust.or dthuaAcnensoatsshimethrpelreefainesaoxlnamwfopolrredsemoonpfhtamhseaiznisnyugbojetfchtet.hetwaon-baloydtiycaplrotbelechmniqisuetshaatpiptlicinatbrloe p://hww.h throughout nuclear physics. Familiarity with this discussion should there MT / htthttp://w f(oPraertheIlIpI).greIantlytheintrtheaetmuenndtersotafncdoimngplexo.f nthuecletihenooryattoefmcpotmpislexmanduecletoi 24 23:42 Gdigitized / prineraeedsleeenrmtiesnthataesrsyugmrteeeaxdttbtaoonodkbse.gfraomOwtiinhligearr mwdeaittshasiletohdfeifbnafacostruimcalafaticmotnsateacrnaidanldbeienfsintditbeieotnaosilb.tfaoinuTenhdde 2-e- from current review articles and reference books. 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP VI PREFACE The qualitative as well as the quantitative arguments presented here are based on nonrelativistic quantum mechanics, and some knowledge of that subject is a prerequisite for even a casual reading of the book. How ever, the author has found that many students have not considered it un duly burdensome to attend a course covering selected parts of this material concurrently with a (second semester) course in quantum mechanics. Remarks concerning the selection of the isotopic spin notation seem to be called for because the subject is the center of some controversy. There are many objections to the term isotopic spin, some based on the fact that "isotopic" is a misleading word, others based on the fact that the term "spin" is misleading. At about the time the author had com pleted Part II, a move to replace "isotopic" by "isobaric" was initiated at the 1952 conference on nuclear physics at the University of Pittsburgh. This change was so widely accepted that the new term is used in some recent review articles. However, we found that the change did not meet the most serious objection to the terminology, namely, that very awk ward phrasing was sometimes necessary. Such a phrase as "a spin singlet, isotopic spin triplet, D-state" is both awkward and confusing. The author therefore leaped at a suggestion of Fermi that either "isotopic" or "iso baric" should be abbreviated to "i-." Hence the terms "i-spin," "i-sing- let," and so on. Although this solution to the problem has disadvantages I (such as the tendency to use instead of T for the associated quantum number), it seemed reasonable when looked upon as an abbreviation. The reader can read the term "i-" as isotopic or isobaric according to his taste. Since the number and variety of contributions to nuclear physics is so large, no attempt has been made to give detailed references to all original 4 69 papers relating to the topics discussed. The sources of the experimental 7 32e data that have been used are, of course, indicated. A theoretical paper is 015001d-googl usosuuarclley ofreafebrraesdic tidoeauntdreearteedithinerdeotfaitlwoor icfonitdictoionntsa:insifthite icsomthpeletoerigainnaall 9p 3# p.e ysis of a problem too complicated to be treated thoroughly in the text. 7/mdss_us Several excellent bibliographies are available to the reader who has an 2e et/20g/acc tinhteerleisstt oinf rtehfeerehniscteosrygivoefnthbeysuBblajetctt.andThWeeimssoksotpfup-into-tdhaetier baopopkeaTrhsetoorebtie hdl.handle.nhathitrust.or caacltIitvNeuisclpenraoorgraPachmcyisdiecosnf.textpheartimtehnistalboonkuclheaasr bpeheynsicwsribttueilnt iunp Mheardeisobny. R.ThGe. 2-24 23:42 GMT / http://e-digitized / http://www. jHwhpeaaoecvrtrrt.kebic,uppfblMraroJoor.avt,vhniiLddy.etebhdsPyme.oawetahnmeuTeltbahlh,qeteomurwrseloohsshcotopiaafsohlsenethstrdbheeeeeteehoempnerxioyspufsteonsthrrdiatcmeuhvornaeensavntdteartueaanciladsivlietsneogdogrohabtuoaneopvdefcenothbhnoaytethfveeetimgnhrtepccerirloacaiintntatitifccoraoiianesrbmlssuitsaaoetodtfadifvontinshccceeetao.ttsthautenehIbrnyde 5-1ogl 1o 0G on 2ain, d m eo neratblic D eu GP
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