Nondestructive Characterization of Materials VIII

827 Pages·1998·42.441 MB·English

by  Jean-Pierre Monchalin, Denis Drolet (auth.), Robert E. Green Jr. (eds.)

Nondestructive
Characterization
of Materials VIII
N ondestructive
Characterization
of Materials VIII
Edited by
Robert E. Green, Jr.
The Johns Hopkins University
Baltimore, Maryland
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Llbrary of Congress Cataloglng-In-Publlcatlon Data
Nondestruetlve eharacterlzatlon of materlals VIiI / edlted by Robert
E. Green. Jr.
p. cm.
Proeeedlngs of the 8th International Symposlum on Nondestructlve
Charaeterlzatlon of Materlals. held 6/16-20/97. In Boulder. Colo.
Includes blbllographlcal referenees and Index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-7198-4 ISBN 978-1-4615-4847-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-4847-8
1. Non-destructlve testlng--Congresses. 2. Materlals--Testlng
-Congresses. 1. Green. Robert E. (Robert Edward). 1932-
II. International Symposlum on Nondestructlve Charaeterizatlonof
Materlals (8th , 1997 , Boulder. Colo.)
TA417.2.N65679 1998
620.1· 127--de21 98-28222
CIP
Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of
Materials, held June 15 - 20, 1997, in Boulder, Colorado
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1998
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1998
http://www.plenum.com
10987654321
AII rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise,
without written permisslon from the Publisher
The papers published in this proceedings represent the latest developments in
nondestructive characterization of materials and were presented at the Ei2hth International
Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization of Materials held June 15-20, 1997 in
Boulder, Colorado, USA.
SYMPOSIUM CO-CHAIRMEN:
Robert E. Green, Jr. Harry I. McHenry
Center for Nondestructive Evaluation National Institute of Standards and
The Johns Hopkins University Technology
Baltimore, MD, USA Boulder, CO, USA
Clayton O. Ruud
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, P A, USA
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
George Alers, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
Jean P. Bussiere, IMR!, National Research Council, Canada
Richard Dewhurst, DIAS, MIST, UK
Boro Djordjevic, CNDE, Johns Hopkins University, USA
Gerd Dobmann, IziP, Saarbrucken, Germany
Chris Fortunko, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
Teruo Kishi, University of Tokyo, Japan
Claude Landron, Centre de Recherche, France
Alexander B. Lebedev, Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, Russia
Richard Kohoutek, University ofWol!ongong, Australia
George Matzkanin, Texas Research Institute, USA
Stuart Palmer, University of Warwick, UK
Joseph Rose, Pennsylvania State University USA
Tetsuya Saito, National Research Institute of Metals, Japan
Chris Scala, Aeronautical Research Laboratory, Australia
Tadeusz Stepinski, Uppsala University, Sweden
Bruce Thompson, Iowa State University, USA
James W. Wagner, CNDE, Johns Hopkins University, USA
Reza Zoughi, Colorado State University, USA
v
SPONSORS:
American Society for Nondestructive Testing
F ederal Aviation Administration
Federal Highway Administration
NASA Langley Research Center
National Institute of Standards and Technology
National Science Foundation
US Air Force, Wright Laboratories
US Navy, Naval Surface Warfare Center
HISTORY OF PREVIOUS SYMPOSIA:
LOCATION: Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
TITLE: Nondestructive Methods for Material Property Determination
EDITORS: C.O. Ruud and R.E. Green, Jr.
PUBLISHER: Plenum Press, New York, USA (1984)
LOCATION: Montreal, Canada
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials II
EDITORS: J.F. Bussiere, J-P Monchalin, C.O. Ruud and R.E. Green, Jr.
PUBLISHER: Plenum Press, New York, USA (1986)
LOCATION: Saarbrucken, Germany
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials
EDITORS: P. Holler, V. Hauk. G. Dobmann, C. Ruud and R.Green
PUBLISHER: Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany (1989)
LOCATION: Annapolis, Maryland, USA
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials IV
EDITORS: Clayton O. Ruud, Jean F. Bussiere, and Robert E. Green, Jr.
PUBLISHER: Plenum Press, New York, USA (1991)
LOCATION: Karuizawa, Japan
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials V
EDITORS: Teruo Kishi, Tetsuya Saito, Clayton Ruud and Robert Green, Jr.
PUBLISHER: Iketani Science and Technology Foundation, Tokyo, Japan (1992)
LOCATION: Oahu, Hawaii, USA
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials VI
EDITORS: Robert E. Green, Jr., Krzysztof J. Kozaczek, and Clayton O. Ruud
PUBLISHER: Plenum Press, New York, USA (1994)
LOCATION: Prague, Czech Republic
TITLE: Nondestructive Characterization of Materials VII
EDITORS: Anthony L. Bartos, Robert E. Green, Jr., and Clayton o. Ruud
PUBLISHER: Transtec Publications, Zurich-Uetikon, Switzerland (1996)
VI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
The conference organizers would like to thank the following individuals for their
assistance in making the symposium a success: the authors for their excellent presentations and
manuscripts; the session chairpersons for keeping the sessions on time and stimulating lively
discussions; Boro Djordjevic, Moshe Rosen, Jim Spicer, Jim Wagner, and John Winter, from the
Center for Nondestructive Evaluation at Johns Hopkins University for their support.
The symposium and these proceedings would have not been possible without the
enthusiasm and extremely hard work of Debby Manley, Secretary at the Johns Hopkins
University Center for Nondestructive Evaluation, who not only prepared material for all of the
notices and publications about the symposium, worked industriously at the registration desk in
Boulder, and played a major role in preparing the proceedings for publication.
The Ninth International Symposium on Nondestructive Characterization ofM aterials
will be held in late June of 1999 in Sydney, Australia and the Tenth International Symposium on
Nondestructive Characterization ofM aterials is planned to be held in Karuizawa, Japan in
summer of the year 2000.
Robert E. Green, Jr.
Center for Nondestructive Evaluation
The Johns Hopkins University
vii
CONTENTS
LASER ULTRASONICS I
Laser-Ultrasonics with a Single Laser for Generation and Detection
J.-P. Monchalin and D. Drolet
Pulse Parameter Influence on the Laser Generation of Acoustic Waves 7
T.W. Murray, K.C. Baldwin and J.W. Wagner
Optical Detection of Ultrasound Using Two-Wave Mixing in Semiconductor
Photorefractive Crystals and Comparison With the Fabry-Perot .............. 13
A. Blouin, P. Delaye, D. Drolet, L.-A. de Montmorillon, lC. Launay, G. Roosen
and J.-P. Monchalin
Optimizing the Photo Induced-EMF Response for High-Speed Compensation
and Broadband Laser-Based Ultrasonic Remote Sensing .................... 21
G.J. Dunning, D.M. Pepper, M.P. Chiao, P.V. Mitchell and T.R. O'Meara
High Frequency Laser-Ultrasonics 27
A. Moreau and M. Lord
Measurements of Sound Velocities at High Temperatures by Using Laser
Generated Ultrasound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33
H. Nakano, Y. Matsuda and S. Nagai
A Novel Laser Ultrasound Source and its Implementation in the Drinks
Canning Industry ................................................... 39
S. Dixon, C. Edwards and S.B. Palmer
Laser Ultrasound Source for NDE Applications: Calibration in a Liquid ............ 47
S. Egerev, L. Lyamshev and Y. Simanovskii
IX
LASER ULTRASONICS II
Sub-Micron Materials Characterization Using Near-Field Optics 53
D.W. Blodgett and J.B. Spicer
Laser Ultrasonic Testing of Highly Attenuative and Weakly Generating Composites 59
K.R. Yawn, T.E. Drake, Jr. and M.A. Osterkamp
Laser Ultrasound Imaging of Lamb Waves in Thin Plates 67
P .W. Lorraine
Detection of Corrosion in Aging Aircraft Structures by Laser-Ultrasonics ........... 73
M. Choquet, D. Levesque, C. Neron, B. Reid, M. Viens, J.-P. Monchalin,
J.P. Komorowski and R.W. Gould
Photorefractive Laser Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Materials Characterization 79
K.L. Telschow, Y.A. Deason, K.L. Ricks and R.S. Schley
Application of Laser-Ultrasonic Method to Evaluate Elastic Stiffness Degradation
in Ceramic Matrix Composites ......................................... 85
YM. Liu, T.E. Mitchell and H.N.G. Wadley
Measurement of the Stiffness Tensor of Orthotropic Materials From Line
Source Point Receiver Laser Ultrasonic Method ........................... 91
B. Audoin, C. Bescond and M. Qian
Sagnac Interferometer for Ultrasound Detection on Rough Surfaces 97
P. Fomitchov, S. Krishnaswamy and J.D. Achenbach
Laser-Ultrasound Tissue Characterization Methods for Potential use in Laser
Angioplasty Procedures ............................................. 105
K.A. Roome, R.F. Caller, P.A. Payne and R.J. Dewhurst
Inspection of Rocket Engine Components Using Laser-Based Ultrasound 111
A.D.W. McKie and R.C. Addison, Jr.
Modeling Heterogeneities and Elastic Anisotropy in Single Crystal Zinc and
Carbon Fiber Epoxy Composites ...................................... 117
D.H. Hurley, J.B. Spicer, J.W. Wagner and T.W. Murray
x
NONLINEAR EFFECTS
Feasibility Study of a Nonlinear Ultrasonic Technique to Evaluate Adhesive Bonds 125
T.P. Berndt and R.E. Green, Jr.
Nonlinear Vibro-Acoustic Nondestructive Testing Technique 133
AM. Sutin and D.M. Donskoy
Noncontact Ultrasonic Spectroscopy for Detecting Creep Damage
in 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel ................................................ 139
T. Ohtani, H. Ogi, T. Morishita and M. Hirao
Ultrasonic Damping and Velocity During Recovery and Recrystallization
of Aluminum ..................................................... 145
W. Johnson
Investigation of Material Properties by Acoustic Methods on the Base of Inelastic
Mechanical Processes ............................................... 151
O.Y. Abramov and O.M. Gradov
Study of Microplasticity of Solids by Laser Interferometry Method 157
V.Y. Shpeizman, N.N. Peschanskaya and P.N. Yakushev
Interatomic Interaction and Alloying Criterion for Ferritic Alloys 163
I.S. Golovin
Internal Friction Nondestructive Evaluation of Plastic Properties of Crystals 169
AB. Lebedev
PROCESS CONTROL I
Physical Property Determination for Process Monitoring and Control 175
G. Dobmann
NDE for Strength Determination of Diffusion Bonds ........................... 183
O. Buck, C.G. Ojard, D.J. Barnard and D.K. Rehbein
Monitoring of Texture Development in Copper-Alloy Sheet 189
G.A Alers, P. Purtscher, IF. Breedis and F.N. Mandigo
Magnetostrictive EMAT Efficiency as a Nondestructive Evaluation Tool 197
B. Igarashi, G.A Alers and P.T. Purtscher
Xl
Ultrasonic Detection of Unstable Plastic Flow in Metal Cutting 205
M.A. Davies, S.E. Fick, C.J. Evans and G.V. Blessing
Ultrasonic Determination of Case Depth and Surface Hardness in Axles 211
R.C. Addison Jr., A. Safaeinili and A.D.W. McKie
High Energy X-Ray Diffraction Technique for Monitoring Solidification
of Single Crystal Castings ........................................... 217
D.W. Fitting, W.P. Dube and T.A. Siewert
PROCESS CONTROL II
Characterizing Martensitic Steel With Measurements of Ultrasonic Ve10city 223
K.W. Hollman, P.T. Purtscher and C.M. Fortunko
Ultrasonic Characterization of Microstructural States in Aluminum Welds
Depending on the Welding Parameters .................................. 229
N.M. Mourik, E. Schneider and K. Salama
Development of On-Line Lamb Wave Testing Technique Using Real-Time
Digital Signal Processing ............................................. 235
M. Nakamura, H. Yokoyama, M. Yamano and R. Murayama
Ultrasonic and Acousto-Ultrasonic Inspection and Characterization of Titanium
Alloy Structures ................................................... 239
A.L. Bartos, J.O. Strycek, R.J. Gewalt, H. Loertscher and T.C. Chang
Ultrasonic On-Line Monitoring and Mapping of Low-Temperature Diffusion
Bonding of 6061-T6 Aluminum ....................................... 245
G. Kohn, Y Greenberg, O. Tevet, O. Yeheskel, Y Feuerlicht, U. Admon and D. Itzhak
Application of Ultrasonic Image to the Evaluation of Temperature Distribution
in Metal Powder Compacts During Spark Plasma Activated Sintering ......... 251
T. Abe, H. Hashimoto, Y-H. Park, T.-Y. Urn and Z.-M. Sun
Reaction-Kinetic Model for the Calculation of the Chemical Composition
of Weld Metals in Shielding Gas Arc Welding Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 257
N. Meyendorf
The Characterization of Rolled Sheet Alloy Using Infrared Microscopy 263
M.L. Watkins
xii