New Ways of Analyzing Variation in English. PDF
Preview New Ways of Analyzing Variation in English.
New Ways of Analyzing Variation in English New Ways of Anqlyzing Voriotion in English Chorles-James N. Bailey Roger W. Shuy Editors W 4N Georgetown University Press, Washington, D.C. 2O(n7 Copyright @ 19?3 by Georgetown University Printed in the United States of America A Fake NP Squish Copyright O 1973 by John Robert Ross Variation Resulting from Different Rule Orderings in English Phonology Copyright 4l 19?3 by Charles-James N. Bailey AII rights reserved. Used with permission Library of Congress Card Catalogue Number: ?3-?6753 ISBN 0-8?840-01-28 11 TO WILLIAM LABOV who freed us from static analysis Ilt CONTENTS Preface ix Introduction x1 VARIABLE RULES Walt Wolfram On what basis variable rules ? Henrietta J. Cedergren On the nature of variable constraints IJ Derek Bickerton Quantitative versus dynamic paradigms: The case of Montreal que ZJ Gillian Sankoff Above and beyond phonology in variable rules 44 Frank Anshen Some data which do not fit some models 62 SQUISHES Donald H. Albury The clause-internal sentence squish 69 Ivan A. Sag On the state of progress on progressives and statives aa John Robert Ross A fake Np squish 96 Vi / CONTENTS PROBLEMS IN VARIATION David DeOamp What do implicational scales imply? I4L Peter Trudgill Phonological rules and sociolinguistic variation in Norwich English 149 Barbara Robson Pan-lectal grammars and adult language change 164 Guy Cardeu Disambiguatioq favored readings, and variable rules LlL Ralph W. Fasold The concept of 'earlier-later': More or less correct L83 OTHER STUDIES IN VARIATION Lyn Kypriotaki A study in dialect:. Individual variation and dialect rules 198 Charles-James N. Bailey Variation resulting from different rule orderings in English phonology 271 Larry Nessly Nativization and variation in English phonology 253 James E. Hoard and Clarence Sloat Variation in English stress placement 265 Ronald R. Butters Acceptability judgments for double modals in Southern dialects 276 CREOLES David M. Smith Creolization and language ontogeny: A preliminary paradigm for comparing language socialization and language acculturation 287 CONTENTS / vii Carol Odo Focusing and defocusing in Hawaiian English 297 Richard R. Day Tense neutralization in the Hawaiian post-Creole gradatum 806 Elizabeth Closs Traugott Some thoughts on natural syntactic processes g1B Ricardo Otheguy The Spanish Caribbean: A Creole perspective BZg VARIATION IN SEMANTIC REFERENCE William Labov The boundaries of words and their meanings 940
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