New Methodologies for Understanding Radar Data (Radar, Sonar and Navigation) PDF
Preview New Methodologies for Understanding Radar Data (Radar, Sonar and Navigation)
New Methodologies for Understanding Radar Data Related titles on radar: Advances in Bistatic Radar Willis and Griffiths Airborne Early Warning System Concepts, 3rd Edition Long Bistatic Radar, 2nd Edition Willis Design of Multi-Frequency CW Radars Jankiraman Digital Techniques for Wideband Receivers, 2nd Edition Tsui Electronic Warfare Pocket Guide Adamy Foliage Penetration Radar: Detection and characterisation of objects under trees Davis Fundamentals of Ground Radar for ATC Engineers and Technicians Bouwman Fundamentals of Systems Engineering and Defense Systems Applications Jeffrey Introduction to Electronic Warfare Modeling and Simulation Adamy Introduction to Electronic Defense Systems Neri Introduction to Sensors for Ranging and Imaging Brooker Microwave Passive Direction Finding Lipsky Microwave Receivers with Electronic Warfare Applications Tsui Phased-Array Radar Design: Application of radar fundamentals Jeffrey Pocket Radar Guide: Key facts, equations, and data Curry Principles of Modern Radar, Volume 1: Basic principles Richards, Scheer and Holm Principles of Modern Radar, Volume 2: Advanced techniques Melvin and Scheer Principles of Modern Radar, Volume 3: Applications Scheer and Melvin Principles of Waveform Diversity and Design Wicks et al. 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SC038698). © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2021 First published 2021 This publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publisher at the undermentioned address: The Institution of Engineering and Technology Michael Faraday House Six Hills Way, Stevenage Herts, SG1 2AY, United Kingdom www.theiet.org While the author and publisher believe that the information and guidance given in this work are correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement when making use of them. Neither the author nor publisher assumes any liability to anyone for any loss or damage caused by any error or omission in the work, whether such an error or omission is the result of negligence or any other cause. Any and all such liability is disclaimed. The moral rights of the author to be identified as author of this work have been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this product is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-83953-188-0 (hardback) ISBN 978-1-83953-189-7 (PDF) Typeset in India by Exeter Premedia Services Private Limited Printed in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon Contents About the editors 1 New methods for radar signal understanding Stefan Brüggenwirth and Amit Kumar Mishra 1.1 A philosophical introduction 1.2 Automated reasoning 1.3 The role of perception in cognitive radar 1.3.1 Fuster’s model of cognition 1.3.2 Three-layer cognitive radar architecture 1.3.3 DIKW pyramid 1.3.4 Bio-inspired approaches 1.4 A brief history of endeavours to understand signal coming from radar 1.4.1 What is signal understanding? 1.4.2 A brief history 1.5 The scope and a brief outline of this monograph 1.5.1 Brief outline of the book References 2 Understanding FM radar signal through parameter estimation Karol Abratkiewicz and Piotr Jerzy Samczyński 2.1 Problem statement 2.1.1 Radar waveform definition 2.2 Modern methods for analysis of radar signals 2.2.1 Extended generalised chirp transform 2.2.2 Time-frequency methods 2.3 Conclusions 2.4 Summary References 3 Non-linear estimation algorithms to analyse radar signals U K Singh, A K Mishra, V Bhatia, and R Mitra 3.1 Introduction 3.2 General radar signal model 3.2.1 Radar signal model in Gaussian noise 3.2.2 LFM radar signal model 3.2.3 OFDM radar signal model 3.2.4 Radar signal model in non-Gaussian clutter 3.2.5 LFM radar signal model in non-Gaussian clutter 3.2.6 SF radar signal model in non-Gaussian clutter 3.3 Batch processing estimation method 3.3.1 Maximum likelihood estimation 3.4 Online non-linear estimator 3.4.1 Reproducing kernel Hilbert space-based estimation 3.4.2 KLMS-based estimators 3.4.3 KMC-based estimators 3.4.4 Kalman filter 3.4.5 EKF- and UKF-based estimation of delay and Doppler shift Summary References 4 Understanding radar signals in a highly heterogeneous clutter environment Christian Bräu and Fernando Rial 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Understanding resolution limits 4.2.1 Range resolution 4.2.2 Spatial resolution 4.2.3 Dealing with resolution limits in GPR 4.3 Understanding clutter sources 4.3.1 Surface clutter 4.3.2 Subsurface clutter 4.3.3 Dealing with clutter sources in GPR 4.4 Multistatic GPR systems 4.4.1 Example of multistatic systems for clutter reduction 4.5 Full-polarimetric GPR systems 4.5.1 Pauli decomposition 4.5.2 Entropy-α decomposition 4.5.3 Example of full-polarimetric systems for clutter reduction 4.6 Discussion Acknowledgements References 5 Signature characteristics and discrimination of small airborne targets with a staring radar Mohammed Jahangir, Chris Baker, and Gordon Oswald 5.1 Introduction to staring radar 5.1.1 Historical background 5.2 The physical context for staring radar 5.2.1 Geometry of propagation 5.2.2 Fields and information 5.2.3 Understanding micro-motion characteristics 5.3 Robust drone classification using a staring radar 5.3.1 Staring radar system overview 5.3.2 Classification: a two-stage tree approach 5.3.3 Field trials results 5.4 Conclusions References 6 SAR coherent change detection David Blacknell, Daniel Andre, and Andrew Bennett 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Coherent change detection 6.2.1 Single image fundamentals 6.2.2 Repeat pass imaging: interferometry and coherent change detection 6.2.3 CCD image formation 6.2.4 Sensitivity 6.2.5 Validation of sensitivity analysis by simulation 6.2.6 Assessment of detectability of change 6.3 Frequency support fundamentals 6.3.1 Band-limited images 6.3.2 Coherence theory 6.3.3 Base-banding and analysis of frequency support overlap 6.3.4 Frequency trimming 6.3.5 Impact of frequency support considerations on CCD performance 6.3.6 Performance trade-off example 6.4 Advanced frequency support considerations 6.4.1 Topographic base-banding 6.4.2 Spatially- variant frequency trimming 6.5 Experimental results 6.5.1 Radar measurement facility and experimental set-up 6.5.2 Standard CCD processing 6.5.3 CCD processing using spatially variant trimming 6.5.4 Detection of change using spatially variant trimming 6.6 Summary References 7 Modern GPR target recognition methods Fabio Giovanneschi, Kumar Vijay Mishra, and Maria Antonia Gonzalez-Huici 7.1 GPR for buried target recognition 7.1.1 Subsurface EM propagation 7.1.2 GPR systems 7.2 GPR signal processing 7.2.1 Classical pre-processing 7.2.2 Modern GPR processing techniques 7.3 GPR measurements for landmine recognition 7.3.1 Deployed system 7.3.2 Test field 7.4 Sparse representation techniques 7.4.1 OMP 7.4.2 Batch-OMP 7.4.3 Basis pursuit denoising, LASSO, and penalized least square 7.4.4 LARS 7.5 Dictionary learning framework and algorithms 7.5.1 K-SVD 7.5.2 LRSDL 7.5.3 ODL 7.5.4 CBWLSU 7.5.5 DOMINODL 7.5.6 Comparison of DL algorithms 7.6 Adaptive statistical DL evaluation 7.6.1 Training set generation 7.6.2 Similarity measure 7.6.3 Statistical metrics 7.6.4 Evaluation results 7.7 Advanced GPR target recognition
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