New data on the benthic Opisthobranch Molluscs from the Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Brazil), with description of a new species of Aegires Loven, 1844

12 Pages·2002·4.4 MB·English

©SociedadEspañola deMalacologia Iberus, 20 (2): 45-56, 2002
New data on the benthic Opisthobranch MoUuscs from the
Archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Brazil), with des-
cription ofa new species o£Aegires Lovén, 1844
Nuevos datos sobre los moluscos opistobranquios bentónicos del
Archipiélago de Fernando de Noronha, con descripción de una nueva
especie áeAegires Lovén, 1844
FranciscoJ. GARCÍA\ Jesús S. TRONCOSO^and Marta DOMÍNGUEZ^
Recibidoel20-XI-2001.Aceptadoel22-V-2002
ABSTRACT
New data on the opisthobranch fauna from the Archipelago Fernando de Noronha are
presented in this paper, 1 1 1 specimens distributed among 12 species were studied and
1 1 of them are a new record for the archipelago. A new species of genus Aeglres is des-
cribed. The external anatomy and radula of this specimen are compared with other spe-
cies ofthe genus.
RESUMEN
En este trabajo se presentan nuevos datos sobre la fauna de moluscos opistobranquios del
Archipiélago Fernando de Noronha, se estudian un total de 1 1 1 ejemplares repartidas en
12 especies, siendo que 1 1 de ellas son nuevas citas para el archipiélago. Se describe
una nueva especie de Nudibranchia perteneciente al género Aegires Lovén, 1844. Se
compara la anatomía externa y rádula de este espécimen con otras especies del género.
KEYWORDS: Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, FernandodeNoronha,Aegires, newspecies.
PALABRASCLAVE: Mollusca, Opisthobranchia, FernandodeNoronha,Aegires, nuevaespecie.
INTRODUCTION
The Archipelago Fernando de thenorthbranch oftheSouth equatorial
Noronha(Brazil)liesoffCapeSaoRoque, oceanic current, with high temperature,
State ofRio Grande do Norte, about 195 salinity and transparency. Theintertidal
nautical miles offshore (03° 51' S, 32° 25' bottoms are mostly of hard substrate
W). Besides the island of Fernando de with a few sandy beaches, having a
Noronha, several smaller islands, all of dominant community ofseaweeds (cal-
volcanicorigin,composetheArchipelago careousalgae,Sargassumsp.andfilamen-
ofthesameñame.ThearchipelagoUesin tousgreenalgae)andVermetidae.
'Depto. FisiologíayZoología; Facultad Biología; UniversidadSevilla;Avda. ReinaMercedes, 6;Apdo. 1095,
41080Sevilla,Spain.e-mail: [email protected]
^DepartamentodeEcologíayBiologíaAnimal;FacultadCienciasdelMar;UniversidadVigo;CampusLagoas-
Marcosende;36200Vigo;Spain.e-mail: [email protected]
45
Iberus, 20 (2), 2002
Table I. Opisthobranchs from Fernando de NoronhaArchipelago recorded by Matthews AND
Kempf (1970); R]OSand Barcellos (1979) and presentpapen 000: abundant (20 or morespe-
cimens); 00: modérate (20>n>2); 0: rare (n<2).
Tabla I. Opistobranquios delArchipielado de Fernando deNoronha citadosporMatthewsAND
Kempf (1970); Ríosand Barcellos (1979)y en elpresente trabajo. 000: abundante (20 o más
ejemplares);00:moderado(20>n>2); 0:raro (n<2).
Specíes MatthewsandKempf(1970) RiosandBarcellos(1979) Presentpaper
Cephaiaspídea
Micromeloundafa 00
Hydafinavesicaria
>l/yssp.
Atysmandrewü
Refusacanalkulafa
Cylichnanoronhensis
Anaspídea
Aplysiasp.
Stylocheiluslongicauda 000
Ascogiossa
Caliphyllamediterránea 00
Elysiaornato 000
Elysiaflava o
Notaspidea
Pleurobranchusareolatus o
Bertheliniacaribbea
Berthellastellata o
Doridacea
Dor/ssp.
Aegiresabsalaoi o
Chromodorisneona 00
Platydorisangustipes o
Dendrodorissenegalensis 00
Aeolidacea
Phidianasp. 00
Matthews and Kempf (1970) provi- In this papernewspecies ofopistho-
ded a checklist of the molluscan fauna branchs found in the Archipelago of
from the Archipelago of Fernando de Fernando de Noronha are cited, based
Noronha and Atol das Rocas. Although on material obtained by the authors
more than 160 species ofMolluscs were duringtwovisitsin 1999and2000.
listed, however only seven species of
opisthobranch gastropods were cited.
Besides four species were referred by MATERIALANDMETHODS
LopesandAlvarenga (1957) this mate-
rialwasnotfoundbytheseauthors,and The species studied in this paper
finally two species was referred by Ríos were coUected by diving down to 20 m
ANDBarcellos(1979) (TableI). along the littoral, during two trips to
46
GarcíaETal.-. Opisthobranchs from Fernando de Noronha, and a newAegiresspecies
Figure 1. Samplinglocalities. 1 Praiado Cachorro, 2 Porto, 3 PraiadaConce¡9áo, 4Air France Is.
Rasa, 5 Rasa Is., 6 Buraco do Inferno Rata Is., 7 Lage Dois Irmáos between Rataand Meio Is., 8
RessurrettaRataIs.
Figura 1. Localidadesde muestreo. 1 Praiado Cachorro, 2Porto, 3 Praiada Conceigáo, 4AirFrance
Is. Rasa, 5RasaIs., 6Buraco doInferno RataIs., 7LageDoisIrmáosentreRatayMeio Is., 8Ressu-
rrettaRataIs.
Archipelago de Fernando de Noronha Department of Physiology and Zoology
in 1999 and 2000. The sampling stations of the University ofSeville and Depart-
are represented in Figure 1. For each ment of Ecology and Animal Biology of
species the dates and depth of coUec- the University of Vigo (Spain) and the
tion, stations, and lengths of the speci- holotype ofAegires was deposited in the
mens alive are recorded. Besides this, Museu Oceanógrafico "Prof. Eliézer de
the distributions in Brazil and in other Carvalho Rios" from the Foundation
geographicaláreasareincluded. University of Rio Grande, in Rio
The specimens collected have been Grande, Brazil, with code number
deposited in the coUections of the 42.011.
RESULTS
Class GastropodaCuvier, 1797
Subclass OpisthobranchiaMilne-Edwards, 1848
OrderCephalaspideaFischer, P. 1883
Family Hydatinidae Pilsbry, 1895
GenusMicromelo Pilsbry, 1895
Micromelo undata (Bruguiére, 1792) (Fig. 2A)
Materialcollected:06/07/1999;station:PraiadoCachorro(FemandodeNoronhaIs.);depth:inter-
tidal; 1 specimen;length: 17mm.08/07/1999;station:PraiadoCachorro(FemandodeNoronha
47
Iberus, 20 (2), 2002
Is.);depth:intertidal;1specimen;length:30mm.07/07/1999;station:Porto(FernandodeNoronha
Is.);depth: 1 m;5specimens;lengthinmm; 15.5to22mm. 15/06/2000;station: Porto(Fernando
deNoronha Is.);depth: 1 m;1 specimen;length: 15mm. 19/06/2000;station:Porto(Fernandode
NoronhaIs.);depth: 1 m;1 specimen;length: 17mm.
Habitat: On rocks with algae and in Othergeographicaláreasdistribution:Cir-
tidalpoolswithCystoseira. cumtropicalspecies,CaribbeanSea,Atlan-
Brazilian distribution: NE Brazil, from ticOcean,Macaronesia,AscensiónIs,Sout-
Pernambuco to Bahia (Marcus and hernÁfricaandIndo-PacificOcean(Gos-
Marcus, 1967; Ríos, 1994). Fernando de LiNER, 1987; Malaquias, 2001; Marcus
Noronha Is. (Marcus and Marcus, AND Marcus, 1967; Marcus, 1977; Mik-
1967; MatthewsandKempf, 1970; Ríos, KELSEN, 1995;Ortea,Moro,Bacallado
1994). ANDHerrera,2000;Ríos, 1994).
OrderAnáspideAFischerR, 1883
Family Dolabriferidae Pilsbry, 1895
Genus Stylocheilus Gould, 1852
Stylocheilus longicauda (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) (Fig. 2B)
Materialcollected:07/07/1999;station:Porto(FernandodeNoronhaIs.);depth:intertidal;1 spe-
cimen;length:22mm.08/07/1999;station:PraiadaConceigáo(FernandodeNoronhaIs.);depth:
intertidal;7specimens;length:15to33mm.10/07/1999;station:AirFrance(RasaIs.);depth:inter-
tidal;3specimens; length: 18 to20mm. 16/06/2000;station: Rasa Is.;depth: intertidal; 17speci-
mens;length: 12to36mm. 17/06/2000;station:BuracodoInferno(RataIs.);depth: 12m;4speci-
mens;length: 19to29mm. 19/06/2000;station:BuracodoInferno(RataIs.);depth: 14m;6speci-
mens;length:6to28.
Habitat: Onandunderrocks,associa- Other geographical áreas distribution:
tedwithmassesofredalgae. Circumtropical (Farmer, 1967; Marcus,
Brazilian distribution: Pernambuco, 1977; Marshall and Willan, 1999;
Recife (MarcusandMarcus, 1970). Ríos, 1994).
OrderSacoglossa VonIhering, 1876
Family HermaeidaeAdams H. andA.
Genus Caliphylla Costa,A. 1869
Caliphylla mediterráneaA. Costa, 1867 (Figs. 2C, D)
Materialcollected:15/06/2000;station:Porto(FernandodeNoronhaIs.);depth:5m;1specimen;
length: 16mm. 19/06/2000;station: Porto (FernandodeNoronhaIs.);depth: 5m; 10specimens;
length:8to19mm.
Habitat: Associated with filamentous Spain to Senegal, Canary Is. and Carib-
greenalgae. bean Sea (Cervera, Templado, García-
Brazilian distribution: South Brazil in Gómez, Ballesteros, Ortea, García,
Sao Paulo State (Santos, Sao Sebastiáo RosandLuque, 1988; Gascoigne, 1979;
Is., Cananeia) (Marcus, 1977; Ríos, Jensen and Clark, 1983; Marcus and
1994). Marcus, 1970; Marcus, 1977; Ortea et
Othergeographical áreas distribution: AL., 2000; Pruvot-Fol, 1954; Schmekel
Mediterranean Sea;Atlantic Ocean from ANDPORTMANN, 1982).
48
García ETal.-. Opisthobranchs from Fernando de Noronha, and a newAegiresspecies
Figure 2. A: Micromelo undata; B: Stylocheilus longicauda; C, D: Caliphylla mediterránea; E, F:
Elysia ornata; G: Elysiaflava; H: Pleurobranchusareolatus; I:Aegiresabsalaoin. sp.; J: Chromodoris
neona; K:Platydorisangustipes; L: Dendrodorissenegalensis; M:Phidianasp.
Figura2. A: Micromelo undata; B: Stylocheilus longicauda; C, D: Caliphylla mediterránea; E, F:
Elysiaornata; G:Elysiaflava;H: Pleurobranchusareolatus;/;Aegiresabsalaoi n. sp.;J:Chromodo-
risneona;K:Platydorisangustipes;L:Dendrodorissenegalensis;M:Phidianasp.
49
Iberus, 20 (2), 2002
Family Elysiidae Forbes and Hanley, 1851
Genus Elysia Risso, 1818
Elysia ornata (Swainson, 1840) (Figs. 2E, F)
MaterialcoUected:08/07/1999;station:LagedoisIrmáos,betweenMeioIs.andRataIs.(Fernando
deNoronhaIs.);depth:18m;1 specimen;length:22mm.15/06/2000;station:Porto(Fernandode
NoronhaIs.);depth:5m;22specimens;length:22to36mm.17/06/2000;station:BuracodoInferno
(Rata Is.); depth: 12 m; 1 specimen; length: 12.5 mm. 19/06/2000; station: Porto (Fernando de
NoronhaIs.);depth:5m;12specimens;length: 15to36mm.
Habitat: Associated with filamentous beanSeatoCanaryIs. andAzoresArchi-
greenalgae. pelago; Indo-Pacific Ocean in Hawaii,
Brazilian distribution: Present paper, VietnamandAustralia(Malaquias,2001;
firstrecordtoBraziliancoast. Marcus and Marcus, 1970; Marcus,
Othergeographicaláreasdistribution:Cir- 1980; Marshall and Willan, 1999;
cumtropical,AtlanticOcean fromCarib- Orteaetal.,2000;Thompson, 1977).
Elysiaflava Verrill, 1901 (Fig. 2G)
Material coUected: 08/07/1999; station: Praia da Conceigáo (Fernando deNoronha Is.); depth:
intertidal;1 specimen;length:6mm.
Habitat: Associated with filamentous Madeira Archipelago to Caribbean Sea
greenalgae. (Clark, 1984; Malaquias, Cervera,
Brazilian distribution: Present paper, Abreu and López-González, 2001;
firstrecordtoBraziliancoast. Marcus, 1980; Ortea, 1981; Ortea et
Other geographical áreas distribution: AL., 2000; Thompson, 1977, 1983;
FromMediterraneanSea,CanaryIs. and ThompsonandJaklin, 1988)
OrderNotaspidea FischerP. 1883
Family Pleurobranchidae Férussac, 1822
Genus Pleurobranchus Cuvier, 1804
Pleurobranchusareolatus Mórch, 1863 (Fig. 2H)
Material coUected: 19/06/2000; station: Buraco do Inferno (Rata Is.); depth: 14 m; 1 specimen;
length: 15mm.
Habitat: Under rocks with ascidians, Panamá and Galápagos Islands.
sponges,andotherinvertebrates. Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Canary
Braziliandistribution:CaboFrió(Riode Islands and Ghana (Bertsch and
laneiroState) (Marcus, 1977;Ríos, 1994). Smith, 1973; Edmunds 1968; Marcus
Other geographical áreas distribution: and Marcus, 1967; Ortea etal., 2000;
East Pacific in Gulf of California, Ríos, 1994).
Genus Berthella de Blainville, 1824
Berthella stellata (Risso, 1826)
MaterialcoUected:10/07/1999;station:AirFrance(RasaIs.);depth:intertidal;1specimen;length:
7mm.
50
García ETal.-. Opisthobranchs from Fernando de Noronha, and a r\fwÁegiresspecies
mm
1
Figure3.Aegiresabsalaoin. sp., external morphology.
Figurad. Aegiresabsalaoin. sp., morfologíaexterna.
Habitat: On rocks with ascidians, species, found from the Mediterra-
spongesandbriozoans. nean Sea and the Canary Islands to
Brazilian distribution: Cabo Frío (Rio the Atlantic coast of Panamá. On the
de Janeiro State), Ubatuba, Ilhabela Pacific coast, Gulf of California,
(Sao Paulo State) (Ríos, 1994, cited as Bahia Tortugas, Baja California (Cer-
B. túpala; Marcus, 1957). vera et al., 1988; gosliner and
Other geographical áreas distribu- Bertsch, 1988; Ortea et al., 2000;
tion: B. stellata is a circumtropical Pruvot-Fol, 1954).
OrderNudibranchia de Blainville, 1814
SuborderDoridina Odhner, 1934
FamilyAegiretidae FischerR, 1883
GenusAegires Lovén, 1844
Aegires absalaoi n. sp. (Fig. 21, 3, 4)
Material coUected: 19/06/2000; station: Buraco do Inferno (Rata Is.); depth: 14 m; 1 specimen;
length:5mm.TheholotypewasdepositedintheMuseuOceanógrafico"Prof EliézerdeCarvalho
.
Ríos" from the FoundationUniversity ofRio Grande, in Rio Grande, Brazil, with codenumber
42.011
Etymology: ThespecieshasbeennamedAegiresabsalaoiinhonourofDr. RicardoSilvaAbsaláo,
Brazilianmalacologistandfriend.
Habitat: Under stones with sponges, dant spicules in the tegument. Dorsum
andcalcareousdetritus. with blunt tubercles, arranged in two
Description: The unique specimen marginal and one medial longitudinal
has a firm limaciform body, with abun- rows in front of the gills, and one row
51
Iberus, 20 (2), 2002
on the tail. There are two tubercles in evis (Templado, Luque and Ortea,
front the rhinophores and other two 1987); the presence of rhinophoral
mid-lateraltuberclesbetweenthemargi- sheaths having three large tubercles on
nal and central rows. There are three the side distal to the rhinophores and a
gills protected by three large anterior dark brown spot on the top of each
tubercles. The rhinophores are smooth tubercle of A. ortizi (Templado et al.,
and the rhinophoral sheaths haveonlya 1987), the presence of prominent
prominent lobe on the external side oblique ridges of A. goynezi (Ortea,
(Figure3). Luque and Templado, 1990), and the
The colour pattern alive is creamy color pattern, the presence of four
white with some brown spots on the series of two tubercles each joined by
dorsum. At the apex of some tubercles heavy ridges and rhinophoral sheath
there is a minute brown spot (Figure with six lobes of A. palensis (Ortea et
21). AL., 1990).
The labial armature lacks differentia- Internally, our specimen differs of
ted elements (Figure 4A). The radula the rest of species by the presence of
has a formula of 15 x 10-0-10. The teeth radular teeth with a denticle in their
are hook-shaped being the inner teeth inner middle part in the radula of A.
slightly smaller than the outer (Figure ortizi (Templado et al., 1987); labial
4B). armature with rods in A. punctilucens
Disciission: Five species of the andA.gomezi(Orteaetal., 1990).
genus Aegires are known in Atlantic Finally, our species is externally
Ocean, A. punctilucens (Orbigny, 1837), quite similar to A. albopunctatus Mac-
A. sublaevis Odhner, 1932, A. ortizi Farland 1905, from the Pacific Ocean,
Templado, Luque and Ortea, 1987, A. by the colour pattern, white with irre-
gomezi Ortea, Luque and Templado gularly scattered small dark-brown
1990 and A. palensis Ortea, Luque and spots and external anatomy, having the
Templado 1990. Externally, our dorsum with short blunt tubercles,
specimen differs from these species by cylindrical or with slightly expanded
the presence of the rhinophoral sheath ápices and tubercles, and tegument
with five lobes and iridiscent blue withnumerous spicules. However,both
spots scattered over the back of A. species differbythepresenceofrhinop-
punctilucens; the body oflemon-yellow horal sheaths with five or six high,
colour, and presence of two longitu- rounded tubercles in the Pacific species
dinal crest on the dorsum that join at (MacFarland, 1966) and onlyoneinA.
the level ofthe rhinophores ofA. subla- absalaoi.
FamilyChromodorididae Bergh, 1891
Genus Chromodoris Alder and Hancock, 1855
Chromodoris neona (Marcus, 1955) (Fig. 2J)
Material coUected: 07/07/1999; station: Buracodo Inferno (Rata Is.); depth: 10 m; 2specimens;
length:19,21mm.09/07/1999;station:BuracodoInferno(RataIs.);depth:7m;1specimen;length:
23mm.
Habitat: On big rocks with sponges, Janeiro State), Ubatuba, Sao Sebastiao
ascidians, hydrozoans, briozoans and (SaoPauloState) (Ríos, 1994).
otherinvertebrates. Other geographical áreas distribution:
Brazilian distribution: Sao Paulo Caribbean Sea in Florida, east of Pa-
(Marcus, 1955); Cabo Frió (Marcus namá,Colombia (MarcusandMarcus,
AND Marcus, 1967); Cabo Frió (Rio de 1967;Marcus, 1977;Ríos, 1994).
52
García ETal.-. Opisthobranchs from Fernando de Noronha, and a ncwAegiresspecies
Figure 4. Aegires absalaoi n. sp. A: Scanning electrón micrographs ofjaw; B: detail ofthe radular
teeth.
Figura 4. Aegires absalaoi n. sp. A: Fotosalmicroscopio electrónico dela mandíbula; B: detallede los
dientesradulares.
Family Platydorididae Bergh, 1891
Genus Platydoris Bergh, 1877
Platydorisangustipes (Mórch, 1863) (Fig. 2K)
MaterialcoUected:07/07/1999;station:Porto(FernandodeNoronhaIs.);depth:1m;1specimen;
length:72mm. 17/06/2000;station:BuracodoIrvferno(RataIs.);depth: 12m;1 specimen;length:
20mm.
Habitat: Under stones associated Othergeographicaí áreas distribution:
withspongesandascidians. Caribbean Sea in Florida, Dry Tortugas,
Braziliandistribution:Mciranháo,Recife, Jamaica, Virgin Islands (Marcus and
PE,offAlagoasand Bahía (Ríos, 1994) Marcus, 1967).
Family Dendrodorididae O'Donoghue, 1924
Genus Dendrodoris Ehrenberg, 1831
Dendrodoris senegalensis Bouchet, 1975 (Fig. 2L)
Materialcollected:07/07/1999;station:Porto(FernandodeNoronhaIs);depth:intertidal;1 spe-
cimen;length:21 mm.19/06/2000;station:BuracodoInferno(RataIs.);depth:14m;2specimens;
length:9,20mm.
Habitat: Under stones associated and analpapillaarebothuniformwhite;
withspongesandascidians. ventrally the notal margin and foot are
Brazilian distribution: Presentpaper whitewithsmallredspots.
Other geographicaí áreas distribution: Internally, our specimens coincide
Only known from Cabo Verde Is. and with the descriptions of D. senegalensis
Senegal. by Bouchet (1975) and Valdés, Ortea,
Remarks: The dorsal surface and Ávilaand Ballesteros (1996). A com-
notal margin are uniform red or red plete description and distribution
brownwith irregularáreas; therinopho- remarks of this species are provide in
res are red with the tip white; the gills GarcíaandTroncoso(inpress).
53
Iberus, 20 (2), 2002
SuborderAeolidiina Odhner, 1934
Family Facelinidae Berghin Carus, 1889
GenusPhidiana Gray, 1850
Phidiana sp. (Fig. 2M)
MaterialcoUected:17/06/2000;station:Ressurretta(RataIs.);depth:14m;3specimens;length:11
to17mm. 18/06/2000;station:Ressurretta(RataIs.);depth: 12m;2specimens;length:16-18mm.
Habitat: On and under stones asso- and theapical third is hyalinewhite; the
ciatedwithhydrozoans. footisreddish;therhinophoresareorange
Remarks:Thegroundcolourisreddish withwhitetip;theapicalsurfaceofcerata
withnumerouswhitespotsonthedorsal are orange, the subapical área are white
andlateralsurfacesofthebody;thebasal andthebasalpartaretranslucent.Acom-
third oftheoraltentadasisreddishwith plete description ofthis species is provi-
white spots, the middle third is orange dedinGarcíaandTroncoso(inpress).
CONCLUSIONS
We found a total of 111 specimens of species ofopisthobranchs as expected in
opisthobranchs belonging to 12 species, tropicaláreas.Abigeffortisnecessaryto
1 Cephalaspidea, 1 Anaspidea, 3 Asco- findspecies,theyaremainlyherbivorous
glossa, 2 Notaspidea, 4 Doridacea and 1 and are associated to seaweeds (Micro-
Aeolidacea. In Table I the species of melo undata, Stylocheilus longicauda, Elysia
Opisthobranchia found up to date in the ornata,E.flava,Caliphyllamediterránea).
Archipelago Fernando de Noronha are
listed.
Among them, onlyfourspecies were ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
recorded by Matthews and Kempf
(1970): Micromelo undata (Bruguiére, This research has been included in
1792),Hydatinavesicaña (Solander, 1786), the project "Moluscos do Parque
Retusa canaliculata (Say, 1827) and Nacional Marinho de Fernando de
Cylichna noronhensis Watson, 1883. Ríos Noronha" with an official permission to
and Barcellos (1979) mentioned the collect specimens in the National Park
occurrenceofAtys mandreioiiand Berthe- Fernando de Noronha by IBAMA,
liniacaribbea. licence070/99. This paperhasbeenpar-
The occurrence of Elysia ornata, and tiallysupportedbytheprojectPHB2002-
E.flavaarethefirstrecordsforBrazil. 0045-PC of the Dirección General de
The Archipelago de Fernando de Universidades del Ministerio de Educa-
Noronhadoesnotappeartobeasrichin ción,CulturayDeportesofSpain.
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Gastropoda) of the La Paz área. Baja CaU- F.J.,Ros,J.ANDLuQUE,A.A.,1988.Catálogo
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54