New Approaches to Building Pathology and Durability

214 Pages·2016·9.581 MB·English

by  João M.P.Q. Delgado (eds.)

Building Pathology and Rehabilitation
João M.P.Q. Delgado Editor
New Approaches
to Building
Pathology and
Durability
Building Pathology and Rehabilitation
Volume 6
Series editors
Vasco Peixoto de Freitas
Aníbal Costa
João M.P.Q. Delgado
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10019
ã
Jo o M.P.Q. Delgado
Editor
New Approaches to Building
Pathology and Durability
123
Editor
João M.P.Q.Delgado
Faculty of Engineering
University of Porto
Porto
Portugal
ISSN 2194-9832 ISSN 2194-9840 (electronic)
Building PathologyandRehabilitation
ISBN978-981-10-0647-0 ISBN978-981-10-0648-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0648-7
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016932315
©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2016
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Preface
Building pathology is the scientific study of the nature of building failure and its
causes,processes,developmentandconsequences.Inordertoprovideaneconomic
andeffectiveremedytobuildingdefects,itisessentialtoidentifyproperlythecause
to address the problem.
The main purpose of this book, New Approaches on Building Pathology and
Durability, is to provide a collection of recent research works to produce infor-
mationwhichwillassistintheeffectivemanagementofserviceloss,todevelopand
evaluate methodologies for the assessment of defects and failures and to propose
methodologies for the prevention and mitigation of building defects. It includes a
set of new developments in the field of building physics and hygrothermal beha-
viour, durability approach for historical and old buildings, building pathology
versus durability, service life prediction methodologies, new approaches on bio-
cementation applied to rehabilitation, developments on different façade solutions
and a several number of pathologies associated to reinforced concrete.
The book is divided into several chapters that intend to be a resume of the
current state of knowledge for benefit of professional colleagues, scientists, stu-
dents, practitioners, lecturers and other interested parties to network. At the same
time, thesetopicswillencounteravarietyofscientificandengineeringdisciplines,
such as civil, materials and mechanical engineering.
João M.P.Q. Delgado
v
Contents
Assessment and Rehabilitation of Industrial Building
for the Production of Ammonium Nitrate Low Density. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Mara Regina Pagliuso Rodrigues, Raphael Mairal
and Osny Pellegrino Ferreira
Building Materials Capillary Rise Coefficient: Concepts,
Determination and Parameters Involved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Nikos Karagiannis, Maria Karoglou, Asterios Bakolas
and Antonia Moropoulou
Statistical Modelling of Service Life Prediction of
Exterior Painted Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Ana Silva, Pedro L. Gaspar and Jorge de Brito
Corrosion Propagation Phase Studies on Finnish
Reinforced Concrete Facades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Arto Köliö, Mari Honkanen and Jukka Lahdensivu
Biocementation as Rehabilitation Technique of Porous Materials . . . . . 99
Rafaela Cardoso, Rita Pedreira, Sofia Duarte, Gabriel Monteiro,
Hugo Borges and Inês Flores-Colen
Study of Pozzolanic Admixtures Effects in the Concretes
Under Chemical Attack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Henrique Catuzzo, Giovanna Patricia Gava and Camila Salvi Malacarne
Durability of ETICS and Premixed One-Coat Renders in
Natural Exposure Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Luís Silva, Inês Flores-Colen, Nuno Vieira, Ana Barros Timmons
and Pedro Sequeira
vii
viii Contents
Photocatalytic TiO Nano-Coating for Biofouling Prevention
2
of Clay Façades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Lorenzo Graziani, Enrico Quagliarini and Marco D’Orazio
Rehabilitation of Concrete Industrial Building Facades
Attacked by Acids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
AgnusRogérioRosa,AntônioNevesdeCarvalhoJúnior,EduardoChahud
and Luiz Antônio Melgaço Nunes Branco
Pathologies—Incompatibility of Materials and Human
Intervention in a Historic Building of Elvas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Soheyl Sazedj, António Morais, Mª Teresa Pinheiro-Alves and Rui Silva
Assessment and Rehabilitation
of Industrial Building for the Production
of Ammonium Nitrate Low Density
Mara Regina Pagliuso Rodrigues, Raphael Mairal
and Osny Pellegrino Ferreira
Abstract This work consists of the structural evaluation and rehabilitation of
industrial building for the manufacture of ammonium nitrate low density in the
Brazilian company Vale Fertilizers. The building was designed by the German
company Friedrich Uhde GmbH in 1954, currently working with ThyssenKrupp
Uhde GmbH name. The aggressiveness of the products used in process to the
structure of reinforced concrete, lack of adequate maintenance and protection
systems,givingrisetovariouspathologiesinthebuilding.Theactivitiescoveredin
evaluation of the building comprising a number of studies such structure as-built,
inspection of existing conditions, material characterization, structural numerical
analysis according to current code recommendations in the country, allowing a
proper diagnosis for structural rehabilitation project that tend to improve the
structural performance and ensure longer life of the structure. Was adopted in this
work different techniques, equipment and testing (destructive and non-destructive)
for inspection and diagnosis, such as 3D laser scanning, non-destructive rebar
detection, carbonation test, contamination analysis of the soil in contact with the
foundation, electrical resistivity test of concrete, etc. This work highlights the
importance of knowledge of the effects of chemicals agents in choosing the most
suitable system protection for structures in contact with agents of extreme
aggressiveness.The objective of this work isnot to present specific results of tests
performed, but present techniques currently available and methodology for
assessment and recovery of industrial buildings.
M.R.P.Rodrigues(&)
InstitutoFederaldeSãoPaulo(IFSP),Votuporanga,SP,Brazil
e-mail:[email protected]
R.Mairal
EngineeringoftheMairalEngenharia,SãoCarlos,SP,Brazil
e-mail:[email protected]
O.P.Ferreira
UniversidadedeSãoPaulo(EESC-USP),SãoCarlos,SP,Brazil
e-mail:[email protected]
©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaSingapore2016 1
J.M.P.Q.Delgado(ed.),NewApproachestoBuildingPathologyandDurability,
BuildingPathologyandRehabilitation6,DOI10.1007/978-981-10-0648-7_1
2 M.R.P.Rodriguesetal.
(cid:1) (cid:1)
Keywords Structural rehabilitation Reinforcement corrosion Structure
pathology
1 Introduction
1.1 Building Description and History
The building to be recovered consists of rectangular plan building with
22 × 16.50 m2, with floors at +0.00; +4.50; +9.00; +13.50; +18.00 levels and
coverageat+22.50and+24.50levelswithstairwayaccesstoalllevelsaccordingto
informationgatheredinthearea,itwasdesignedbyFriedrichUhdeGmbHin1954,
Germancompanyspecializedinindustrialplants,currentlyservingunderthename
of ThyssenKrupp Uhde GmbH. It is estimated that the structure is approximately
54yearsold,accordingtotheValeFertilizanteswebsite“April16thwaschosento
markthebeginningoftheactivities ofUltrafértilbecauseonthisdatein1958,the
oldest unit of the company started operating, the Cubatão Industrial Complex
(CCB)”.
Figure 1 showsa currentstructure overview.At unspecifieddate, over20 years
agotheinitialplantwasreducedbythestructuraldemolition,asshowninFig.2.In
addition, also at undefined date it was performed strengthening and recovery in
somestructuralelementsasitwaspossibletoobserveduringthefieldinvestigations
which will be presented later.
Fromtheremainingplantmostoftheconstructionwasnearlydeactivated,using
onlytheregionbetweenthe9and11axesservingassupporttanksandequipment
Fig.1 Building
neutralizationoverview