Neuronal Mechanisms of Hearing

415 Pages·1981·12.913 MB·English

by  I. J. Russell, P. M. Sellick (auth.), Josef Syka, Lindsay Aitkin (eds.)

NEURONAL
MECHANISMS
of HEARING
NEURONAL
MECHANISMS
HEARING
of
Edited by
Josef Syka
Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences
Prague, Czechoslovakia
and
Lindsay Aitkin
Monash University
Clayton, Victoria, Australia
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Neuronal mechanisms of hearing.
"A symposium on neuronal mechanisms of hearing, organized by the Czechoslovak
Academy of Science as a satellite symposium to the 28th International Congress of Physi·
ological Sciences."
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Hearing-Physiological aspects-Congresses. 2. Auditory pathways-Congresses. I. Syka,
Josef. II. Aitkin, Lindsay. III. International Congress of Physiological Sciences (28th: 1980:
Prague, Czechoslovakia) [DNLM: 1. Hearing-Physiology-Congresses. 2. Acoustic nerve
Physiology-Congresses.
WV 272 N494 1980]
QP461.N44 599.01'825 81·1626
AACR2
ISBN·13: 978·1·4684-3910-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-3908-3
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3908-3
Proceedings of a symposium on "Neuronal Mechanisms of Hearing,"
organized by the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences as a
satellite symposium to the 28th International Congress
of Physiological Sciences, held July 20-23, 1980, in Prague,
Czechoslovakia
© 1981 Plenum Press, New York
Sof'tcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1981
A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the publisher
PREFACE
In contrast to the level of interest which is paid to the orga
nization of meetings about the structure and function of the audi
tory periphery, the central auditory system has received little
attention in the last several years. However, much recent data accu
mulated during this period has provided auditory physiologists with
new ideas about the function of the central auditory system. The
successful exploration of new anatomical tracing techniques (triti
ated aminoacids, horseradish peroxidase, 2-deoxyglucose) together
with the collection of electrophysiological data obtained with intra
cellular and extracellular recordings from the receptors and neurones
in the auditory pathway have considerably deepened our understanding
of central auditory function.
Particular interest was concentrated upon the development of the
auditory system under normal conditions and in conditions ofaudi
tory deprivation. Although, from the methodological point of view,
the conditions of reversible auditory deprivation are complicated,
promising new data appeared in this field. Similarly the specific
ability of the auditory system to encode communication signals and
speech sounds has been examined in many laboratories allover the
world.
A very fruitful method. based upon the results of electrical
stimulation of cochlear nerve fibres in experimental animals, is the
application of neuroprostheses in deaf patients. At the present time,
the method still does not meet all requirements and many improvements
will be necessary. Undoubtedly the exploration of the results of
recent physiological experiments may help in the further improvement
of neuroprostheses.
Therefore, besides discussion about the structure and function
of the auditory system. the emphasis at the symposium on Neuronal
Mechanisms of Hearing was placed on the development of the auditory
system under normal conditions and conditions of auditory deprivation.
the coding of communication and speech signals and the physiological
background of neuroprostheses.
v
PREFACE
The lack of specialized meetings devoted to this topic in the
past and the fact that the symposium was organized as a satellite
symposium to the 28th International Physiological Congress in Budapest
attracted to Prague a large audience of outstanding auditory physio
logists as well as many young physiologists who represent the future
of this scientific field. This book contains most of the papers
presented at the symposium.
We wish to express our gratitude to some participants of the
symposium, including Drs. Buchwald, Dallos, Hind, Merzenich and
Woolsey, who did not contribute to the volume, but whose active
participation on the meeting helped significantly to make the sym
posium a success. The preparation of this book was carried out by
both authors, with the detailed editing and typing done in Prague.
Josef Syka
Lindsay Aitkin
October 1980
CONTENTS
SESSION I. COCHLEAR MECHANISMS A
Chairmen: Y. KATSUKI and P. DALLOS
The Responses of Hair Cells to Low Frequency
Tones and Their Relationship to the Extracel
lular Receptor Potentials and Sound Pressure
Level in the Guinea Pig Cochlea • • • • • • • 3
I.J. RUSSELL and P.M. SELLICK
Some Comparative Aspects of a Cochlear Mecha-
nism. • 17
Y. KATSUKI
The Parasympathetic Innervation of the Inner
Ear and the Problem of Cochlear Efferents:
Enzyme and Autoradiographic Studies 31
M.D. ROSS and H. ROGER JONES
Adaptation and Dynamic Response Occurring at
Hair Cell - Afferent Fiber Synapse. 37
T. FURUKAWA and S. MATSUURA
Phase Versus Frequency Plots from Caiman Pri
mary Auditory Fibres: Is There a Travelling
Wave? • 43
J. SMOLDERS and R. KLINKE
SESSION II. COCHLEAR MECHANISMS B.
Chairman: R. KLINKE
The Dynamics of pO -Changes in the Perilym
phatic Perfusate ot the Guinea Pig Cochlea
Depending on the Metabolism • • • • • • • • • 51
E.J. HABERLAND, K.O. KUHL and P. LOTZ
vii
viii CONTENTS
Analytical Studies on Biochemistry and Physi
ology of Perilymph (Guinea Pig) • • • • • • • 57
F. SCHEIBE
Distribution of Microphonic Potentials in the
Four Turns of the Guinea Pig Cochlea. • • 63
J. SYKA I. MELICHAR and L. ULEHLOVA
t
SESSION III. CODING IN THE AUDITORY NERVE AND
COCHLEAR NUCLEUS
Chairmen: A.R. M~LLER and E.F.
EVANS
The Dynamic Range Problem: Place and Time
Coding at the Level of Cochlear Nerve and
Nucleus • • • • • • • • • • • . . • 69
E.F. EVANS
Coding of Complex Sounds in the Auditory Ner-
vous Sys tem • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • 87
A.R. M~LLER
On Predicting the Response of Auditory Nerve
Fibers to Complex Tones • • • • • • • • • • • 105
E. JAVEL
Effects of Masking Noise on the Representa
tion of Vowel Spectra in the Auditory Nerve • 113
H.F. VOIGT, M.B. SACHS and E.D. YOUNG
Neuronal Circuits in the Dorsal Cochlear Nu-
cleus • • • • • • • • • • • • • 119
K.K. OSEN and E. MUGNAINI
The Internal Organization of the Dorsal Coch-
lear Nucleus. • • ••••••••• 127
E.D. YOUNG and H.F. VOIGT
SESSION IV. CENTRAL AUDITORY MECHANISMS A
Chairmen: J.E. HIND and M. MOLNAR
Functional Organization of the Inferior Col-
liculus • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 137
J. SYKA, R. DRUGA J. POPELAR and
t
B. KALINOVA
Integration and Segregation of Input to the 155
Cat Inferior Colliculus •••••
M.N. SEMPLE and L.M. AITKIN
CONTENTS il(
Some Facets of the Organization of the Prin
cipal Division of the Cat Medial Geniculate
Body. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 163
L.M. AITKIN, M.B. CALFORD, C.E. KENYON
and W.R. WEBSTER
Functional Organization of the Medial Genicu
late Body Studied by Simultaneous Recordings
of Single Unit Pairs ••••••••••••• 183
P. HE IERLI, F. de RIBAUPIERRE, A. TaROS
and Y. de RIBAUPIERRE
possibilities of Recording Multiunit Activity
in the Auditory Pathway • • • • • • • • • • • 187
E. DAVID
Poststimulatory Effects in the Medial Genicu
late Body of Guinea Pigs ••••••••••• 191
CH. SCHREINER
How Biosonar Information Is Represented in
the Bat Cerebral Cortex • • • • • 197
N. SUGA, K. KUZIRAI and W.E. NEILL
Three-Dimensional Study of Evoked Field Po
tentials in the Auditory Cortex of the Cat •• 221
M. MOLNAR, G. KARM>S and V. CS~PE
Differential Diagnosis of Hearing Disorders
Clinical Findings Contributing to Information
Processing in the Auditory Pathway •••••• 225
H. von SPECHT
SESSION V. CENTRAL AUDITORY MECHANISMS B
Chairman: F. de RIBAUPIERRE
Binaural Interaction in the Cat Inferior Col
liculus: Comparison of the Physiological Data
with a Computer Simulated Model ••••• 233
Y. SUJAKU, S. KUWADA and T.C.T. YIN
Coding Properties of the Different Nuclei of
the Cat·s Medial Geniculate Body ••••• 239
A. TaROS-MOREL, F. de RIBAUPIERRE and
E. ROUILLER
Interaural Delay Sensitive Units in the MGB
of the Cat ••••••••••••••• 245
C. IVARSSON, Y. de RIBAUPIERRE,
A. BAROFFIO and F. de RIBAUPIERRE
x CONTENTS
Temporal Information in the Medial Geniculate
Body. • • • • • • • • . 251
E. ROUILLER, Y. de RIBAUPIERRE, A. TOROS
and F. de RIBAUPIERRE
Some Investigation of Acoustical Evoked Po
tentials from Peripheral and Central Struc
tures of the Auditory Pathway in Rabbits. 257
M. BIEDERMANN, E. EMMERICH and
H. KASCHOWITZ
SESSION VI. AUDITORY LOCALIZATION
Chairmen: L. AITKIN and J. SYKA
Anatomical-Behavioral Analyses of Hindbrain
Sound Localization Mechanisms •• • ••• 263
R.B. MAS TERTON, K.K. GLENDENNING and
R.J. NUDO
Effects of Unilateral Ablation of Anteroven
tral Cochlear Nucleus on Localization of
Sound in Space •••• 277
J.H. CASSEDAY and H.A. SMOAK
Binaural Interaction Models and Mechanisms •• 283
H.S. COLBURN and P.J. MOSS
Psychophysical and Neurophysiological Data on
the Sound Source Perception • • • • • • • • • 289
J.A. ALTMAN
SESSION VII. NEURAL CODING OF SPEECH AND COMPLEX
STIMULI
Chairmen: J.S. BUCHWALD and K.
SEDLACEK
Information Processing in Neuronal Popula
tions of the Human Brain during Learning of
Verbal Signals ••••••••••••• 303
N.P. BECHTEREVA and Y.D. KROPOTOV
A Comparison of the Responses Evoked by Arti
ficial Stimuli and Vocalizations in the I.n f.e -.'
rior Colliculus of Squirrel Monkeys • • 307
J.A. MANLEY and P. MULLER-PREUSS
Acoustic Properties of Central Auditory Path
way Neurons during Phonation in the Squirrel
Monkey. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 311
P. MULLER-PREUSS
CONTENTS xi
Selectivity of Auditory Neurons for Vowels
and Consonants in the Forebrain of the Mynah
Bird. . . • . • . . . • . . • 317
G. LANGNER, D. BONKE and H. SCHEICH
Some Aspects of Functional Organization of
the Auditory Neostriatum (Field L) in the
323
Guinea Fowl • • • • • • • • • • • • •
D. BONKE, B.A. BONKE, G. LANGNER and
H. SCHEICH
14-C-Deoxyglucose Labeling of the Auditory
Neostriatum in Young and Adult Guinea Fowl •• 329
H. SCHEICH and V. MAIER
Integration of Voco-Auditory Centers in Song
Birds • • • • • • • • • • • • 335
N. SAITO and M. MAEKAWA
Response Properties and Spike Waveforms of
Single Units in the Torus Semicircularis of
the Grassfrog (Rana Temporaria) as Related to
341
Recording Site ••••••••••••••••
J.J. EGGERMONT, D.J. HERMES, A.M.H.J.
AERTSEN and P.I.M. JOHANNESMA
Coding of Amplitude-Modulated Squnds in the
Midbrain Auditory Region of the Frog •• 347
N. BIBIKOV and O. GORODETSCAYA
SESSION VIII. DEPRIVATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL
STUDIES
Chairmen: C.N. WOOLSEY and J.
MYSLlVECEK
Effects of Early Auditory Stimulation on Cor
tical Centers • • • • • • • • • • • • • 355
J. HASSMANNOVA, J. MYSLlVECEK and
V. NOVAKOVA
Effects of Acoustic Deprivation on Morpholog
ical Parameters of Development of Auditory
359
Neurons in Rat •••••••••••••••
J. COLEMAN
Behavioral and Anatomical Studies of Central
363
Audi tory Development. • •••••••••
J.B. KELLY