Networking For Dummies

916 Pages·2012·13.62 MB·English

A L L - I N - O N E

Making Everything Easier!™

$39.99 US / $47.99 CN / £27.99 UK

ISBN 978-0-470-62587-3

Computers/Networking

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Lowe

spine=1.82”

Networking

A L L - I N - O N E

Networking

• Networking Basics
• Building a Network
• Network Administration and Security
• TCP/IP and the Internet
• Wireless Networking
• Mobile Networking
• Windows Server® 2008 R2 Reference
• Using Other Windows Servers
• Managing Linux® Systems

Doug Lowe

Open the book and find:

• What networking is and how
it works

• How VMware can help you
manage your servers

• Tips on setting up a firewall

• All about TCP/IP tools and
commands

• Advice on wireless networking
with Bluetooth

• How to manage mobile users

• A handy reference to Windows
networking commands

• Dozens of helpful Web sites

Here’s the easy-to-use reference
you’ve wished for — all things
network-related in one book!

So you’re in charge of a network? That’s great — and a great
big job! Let this book be your one-stop guide. You’ll find
out about network standards, popular network operating
systems, servers, how to plan and set up a network, security
secrets, troubleshooting recommendations, what to do with
wireless and mobile networking variations, and much more!

• Networking 101 — start here for the latest in network protocols,
standards, hardware, and operating systems

• Building plans — create a plan for your network, install
the hardware and server operating system, and explore
virtualization technologies

• Safety first — secure your network while keeping it easily
accessible for users

• Internet intrigue — work with the all-important TCP/IP protocols
and DHCP, FTP, and DNS

• For those on the go — set up and manage networks for iPhone®,
Android™, BlackBerry®, and netbook users

• All about servers — install and administer servers using Windows
Server® 2008 R2, earlier versions of Windows Server, SQL Server®
2008, SharePoint® 2010, and others

• A line on Linux — see how to install Fedora and set up a Windows-
compatible file server and Internet server

Doug Lowe is the information technology director for a civil engineering
firm and a veteran network manager. He has written several editions of this
book and Networking For Dummies, both bestsellers. Doug’s 50-plus books
have demystified everything from Microsoft Office to creating Web pages.

9IN 1

Networking Basics

Building a Network

Network
Administration and
Security

TCP/IP and the Internet

Wireless Networking

Mobile Networking

Windows Server® 2008
R2 Reference

Using Other Windows
Servers

Managing Linux®
Systems

BOOKS
BOOKS

4th Edition

4th Edition

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Networking
AL L -I N - O N E

FOR
DUMmIES

‰

4TH EDITION

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by Doug Lowe

Networking
AL L -I N - O N E

FOR
DUMmIES

‰

4TH EDITION

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Networking All-in-One For Dummies®, 4th Edition
Published by
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
111 River Street
Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774

www.wiley.com

Copyright © 2011 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana

Published simultaneously in Canada

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or
by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permit-
ted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written
permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the
Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, [phone], fax [phone].
Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, [phone], fax [phone], or online at http://
www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the
Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything
Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/
or its affi liates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated
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REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF
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Library of Congress Control Number: 2010935591

ISBN: 978-0-470-62587-3

Manufactured in the United States of America

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

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About the Author

Doug Lowe has written a whole bunch of computer books, including more
than 40 For Dummies books, among them Networking For Dummies, 9th
Edition, Java All-in-One For Dummies, 3rd Edition, PowerPoint 2010 For
Dummies, and Word 2010 All-in-One For Dummies. He lives in sunny Fresno,
California, where the motto is “Fres-YES!,” (unfortunately, I’m not making that
up). He’s one of those obsessive-compulsive decorating nuts who creates
computer-controlled Halloween decorations that rival Disney’s Haunted
Mansion.

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Dedication

To My Family.

Author’s Acknowledgments

I’d like to thank everyone who was involved with the fourth edition of this
book, especially the most excellent project editor Blair Pottenger, who put
up with late submissions and who did a great job following through on all the
little editorial details needed to put a book of this scope together on time.
Thanks also to Dan DiNicolo, who gave the manuscript a thorough review to
ensure the technical accuracy of every sentence, and in the process offered
many excellent suggestions for improvements, and to copy editor Virginia
Sanders, who whipped my prose into shape, crossing all the i’s and dotting
all the t’s, or something like that. And, as always, thanks to all the behind-the-
scenes people who chipped in with help I’m not even aware of.

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Publisher’s Acknowledgments

We’re proud of this book; please send us your comments at http://dummies.custhelp.com.
For other comments, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974,
outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax [phone].

Some of the people who helped bring this book to market include the following:

Acquisitions and Editorial

Project Editor: Blair J. Pottenger

Acquisitions Editor: Amy Fandrei

Copy Editor: Virginia Sanders

Technical Editor: Dan DiNicolo

Editorial Manager: Kevin Kirschner

Editorial Assistant: Amanda Graham

Sr. Editorial Assistant: Cherie Case

Cartoons: Rich Tennant
(www.the5thwave.com)

Composition Services

Project Coordinator: Patrick Redmond

Layout and Graphics: Carl Byers,
Samantha K. Cherolis, Ronald G. Terry

Proofreaders: Laura L. Bowman,
Jessica Kramer

Indexer: Broccoli Information Managment

Special Help
Annie Sullivan

Publishing and Editorial for Technology Dummies

Richard Swadley, Vice President and Executive Group Publisher

Andy Cummings, Vice President and Publisher

Mary Bednarek, Executive Acquisitions Director

Mary C. Corder, Editorial Director

Publishing for Consumer Dummies

Diane Graves Steele, Vice President and Publisher

Composition Services

Debbie Stailey, Director of Composition Services

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Contents at a Glance

Introduction .......................................................................1

Book I: Networking Basics ..................................................7

Chapter 1: Understanding Networks ................................................................................................ 9
Chapter 2: Understanding Network Protocols and Standards ................................................... 21
Chapter 3: Understanding Network Hardware ............................................................................. 43
Chapter 4: Understanding Network Operating Systems .............................................................. 61

Book II: Building a Network ..............................................75

Chapter 1: Planning a Network ....................................................................................................... 77
Chapter 2: Installing Network Hardware ....................................................................................... 95
Chapter 3: Setting Up a Network Server ...................................................................................... 111
Chapter 4: Confi guring Windows Clients ..................................................................................... 121
Chapter 5: Macintosh Networking ................................................................................................ 135
Chapter 6: Confi guring Other Network Features ........................................................................ 141
Chapter 7: Verifying Your Network Installation ......................................................................... 151
Chapter 8: Going Virtual ................................................................................................................ 157

Book III: Network Administration and Security .................169

Chapter 1: Help Wanted: Job Description for a Network Administrator ................................. 171
Chapter 2: Security 101 .................................................................................................................. 185
Chapter 3: Managing User Accounts ............................................................................................ 195
Chapter 4: Firewalls and Virus Protection .................................................................................. 203
Chapter 5: Extending Your Network with VPN Access .............................................................. 215
Chapter 6: Managing Network Software ...................................................................................... 221
Chapter 7: Solving Network Problems ......................................................................................... 233
Chapter 8: Network Performance Anxiety ................................................................................... 249
Chapter 9: Backing Up Your Data ................................................................................................. 259
Chapter 10: Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Planning .......................................... 271

Book IV: TCP/IP and the Internet .....................................279

Chapter 1: Introduction to TCP/IP and the Internet .................................................................. 281
Chapter 2: Understanding IP Addresses ...................................................................................... 289
Chapter 3: Using DHCP .................................................................................................................. 307
Chapter 4: Using DNS ..................................................................................................................... 321
Chapter 5: Using FTP ...................................................................................................................... 347
Chapter 6: TCP/IP Tools and Commands .................................................................................... 371

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Book V: Wireless Networking ..........................................397

Chapter 1: Setting Up a Wireless Network .................................................................................. 399
Chapter 2: Securing a Wireless Network ..................................................................................... 419
Chapter 3: Hotspotting .................................................................................................................. 431
Chapter 4: Troubleshooting a Wireless Network ....................................................................... 437
Chapter 5: Wireless Networking with Bluetooth ........................................................................ 443
Book VI: Mobile Networking ............................................449

Chapter 1: Managing Mobile Devices ........................................................................................... 451
Chapter 2: Managing BlackBerry Devices ................................................................................... 455
Chapter 3: Managing iPhone Devices ........................................................................................... 461
Chapter 4: Managing Android Devices ........................................................................................ 469
Chapter 5: Managing Netbooks ..................................................................................................... 473
Book VII: Windows Server 2008 Reference .......................477

Chapter 1: Installing and Confi guring Windows Server 2008 R2 ............................................... 479
Chapter 2: Managing Windows Server 2008 ................................................................................ 493
Chapter 3: Dealing with Active Directory .................................................................................... 509
Chapter 4: Managing Windows User Accounts ........................................................................... 519
Chapter 5: Managing a File Server ................................................................................................ 539
Chapter 6: Using Group Policy ...................................................................................................... 553
Chapter 7: Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................... 563
Chapter 8: Windows Commands .................................................................................................. 575
Book VIII: Using Other Windows Servers ..........................603

Chapter 1: Using Internet Information System (IIS) ................................................................... 605
Chapter 2: Managing Exchange Server 2010 ............................................................................... 615
Chapter 3: Using SQL Server 2008 ................................................................................................ 635
Chapter 4: Using SharePoint ......................................................................................................... 655
Book IX: Managing Linux Systems ...................................669

Chapter 1: Installing a Linux Server ............................................................................................. 671
Chapter 2: Getting Used to Linux ................................................................................................. 685
Chapter 3: Basic Linux Network Confi guration .......................................................................... 693
Chapter 4: Running DHCP and DNS .............................................................................................. 707
Chapter 5: Doing the Samba Dance .............................................................................................. 717
Chapter 6: Running Apache ........................................................................................................... 731
Chapter 7: Running Sendmail ........................................................................................................ 743
Chapter 8: Running FTP ................................................................................................................. 753
Chapter 9: Linux Commands ......................................................................................................... 759
Appendix A: Directory of Useful Web Sites .......................787
Appendix B: Glossary ......................................................795
Index .............................................................................823

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Table of Contents

Introduction ........................................................................1

About This Book ..............................................................................................2
How to Use This Book .....................................................................................3
How This Book Is Organized ..........................................................................3
Book I: Networking Basics ....................................................................3
Book II: Building a Network ..................................................................4
Book III: Network Administration and Security .................................4
Book IV: TCP/IP and the Internet .........................................................4
Book V: Wireless Networking ...............................................................4
Book VI: Mobile Networking .................................................................4
Book VII: Windows Server 2008 R2 Reference ....................................5
Book VIII: Using Other Windows Servers ............................................5
Book IX: Managing Linux Systems .......................................................5
Icons Used in This Book .................................................................................5
Where to Go from Here ...................................................................................6

Book I: Networking Basics ...................................................7

Chapter 1: Understanding Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

What Is a Network? ..........................................................................................9
Network building blocks .....................................................................10
Why bother? .........................................................................................12
Of Clients and Servers ...................................................................................13
Dedicated Servers and Peers .......................................................................14
Networks Big and Small ................................................................................14
Network Topology .........................................................................................15
Bus topology .........................................................................................15
Star topology ........................................................................................16
Expanding stars ....................................................................................17
Ring topology .......................................................................................18
Mesh topology ......................................................................................18

Chapter 2: Understanding Network Protocols and Standards. . . . . . .21

Understanding Protocols ..............................................................................21
Understanding Standards .............................................................................23
The Seven Layers of the OSI Reference Model ..........................................24
The Physical Layer ..............................................................................25
The Data Link Layer .............................................................................26

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Networking All-in-One For Dummies, 4th Edition
xii

The Network Layer ..............................................................................28
The Transport Layer ...........................................................................30
The Session Layer ................................................................................32
The Presentation Layer .......................................................................32
The Application Layer .........................................................................33
Following a Packet through the Layers ......................................................33
The Ethernet Protocol ..................................................................................34
Standard Ethernet ................................................................................35
Fast Ethernet ........................................................................................36
Gigabit Ethernet ...................................................................................37
The TCP/IP Protocol Suite ............................................................................37
IP ............................................................................................................38
TCP ........................................................................................................39
UDP ........................................................................................................40
Other Protocols Worth Knowing About .....................................................41

Chapter 3: Understanding Network Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Servers ............................................................................................................43
What’s important in a server ..............................................................43
Components of a server computer ....................................................44
Server form factors ..............................................................................46
Network Interface Cards ...............................................................................48
Network Cable ................................................................................................48
Coaxial cable ........................................................................................49
Twisted-pair cable ...............................................................................50
Switches ..........................................................................................................51
Repeaters ........................................................................................................54
Bridges ............................................................................................................55
Routers ............................................................................................................57
Network Attached Storage ...........................................................................58
Network Printers ...........................................................................................59

Chapter 4: Understanding Network Operating Systems. . . . . . . . . . . .61

Network Operating System Features ..........................................................61
Network support ..................................................................................61
File-sharing services ............................................................................62
Multitasking ..........................................................................................62
Directory services ................................................................................64
Security services ..................................................................................64
Microsoft’s Server Operating Systems .......................................................65
Windows 2000 Server ..........................................................................66
Windows Server 2003 ..........................................................................66
Windows Server 2008 ..........................................................................68
Windows Server 2008 R2 .....................................................................68
Other Server Operating Systems .................................................................68
Linux ......................................................................................................69
Apple Mac OS/X Server .......................................................................69
Novell NetWare ....................................................................................69

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Table of Contents
xiii

Peer-to-Peer Networking with Windows .....................................................70
Advantages of peer-to-peer networks ...............................................70
Drawbacks of peer-to-peer networks ................................................71
Windows 7.............................................................................................71
Windows Vista ......................................................................................72
Older Windows versions .....................................................................73

Book II: Building a Network ..............................................75

Chapter 1: Planning a Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Making a Network Plan .................................................................................77
Being Purposeful ............................................................................................78
Taking Stock ...................................................................................................79
What you need to know ......................................................................79
Programs that gather information for you .......................................83
To Dedicate or Not to Dedicate: That Is the Question ..............................84
Types of Servers ............................................................................................84
File servers............................................................................................84
Print servers .........................................................................................85
Web servers ..........................................................................................85
Mail servers ..........................................................................................85
Database servers..................................................................................85
Choosing a Server Operating System ..........................................................86
Planning the Infrastructure ..........................................................................86
Drawing Diagrams .........................................................................................87
Sample Network Plans ..................................................................................88
Building a small network: California Sport Surface, Inc. .................88
Connecting two networks: Creative Course Development, Inc......90
Improving network performance: DCH Accounting ........................92

Chapter 2: Installing Network Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Installing a Network Interface Card .............................................................95
Installing Twisted-Pair Cable ........................................................................97
Cable categories ...................................................................................97
What’s with the pairs? .........................................................................98
To shield or not to shield ...................................................................98
When to use plenum cable .................................................................99
Sometimes solid, sometimes stranded .............................................99
Installation guidelines .......................................................................100
Getting the tools that you need .......................................................101
Pinouts for twisted-pair cables ........................................................102
Attaching RJ-45 connectors ..............................................................103
Crossover cables................................................................................105
Wall jacks and patch panels .............................................................105

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