Network Management: Accounting and Performance Strategies PDF
Preview Network Management: Accounting and Performance Strategies
Network Management Benoit Claise, CCIE No. 2686 Ralf Wolter Cisco Press Cisco Press 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA ii Network Management Benoit Claise, CCIE No. 2686, Ralf Wolter Copyright© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. Published by: Cisco Press 800 East 96th Street Indianapolis, IN 46240 USA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the publisher, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 First Printing June 2007 ISBN-10: 1-58705-198-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-198-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Claise, Benoit. Network management / Benoit Claise, Ralf Wolter. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-58705-198-2 (hardcover) 1. Computer networks--Management. I. Wolter, Ralf, 1926- II. Title. TK5105.5.C544 2007 004.6068--dc22 2007018567 Warning and Disclaimer This book is designed to provide information about accounting and performance strategies for network manage- ment. Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information is provided on an “as is” basis. The authors, Cisco Press, and Cisco Systems, Inc. shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the discs or programs that may accompany it. The opinions expressed in this book belong to the authors and are not necessarily those of Cisco Systems, Inc. iii Corporate and Government Sales The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U.S. Corporate and Government Sales 1-800-382-3419 [email protected] For sales outside the United States please contact: International Sales [email protected] Trademark Acknowledgments All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capital- ized. Cisco Press or Cisco Systems, Inc., cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. In addition, this book includes excerpts from the following copyrighted documents: RFC 3954, Cisco Systems NetFlow Services Export Version 9. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2004. RFC 2863, The Interfaces Group MIB. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2000. RFC 2924, Accounting Attributes and Record Formats. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2000. RFC 2578, Structure of Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2). Copyright © The Internet Society, 1999. RFC 1213, Management Information Base for Network Management of TCP/IP-based Internets: MIB-II. Copyright © The Internet Society, 1991 RFC 3813, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Label Switching Router (LSR) Management Information Base (MIB). Copyright © The Internet Society, 2004. RFC 3812, Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Traffic Engineering (TE) Management Information Base (MIB). Copyright © The Internet Society, 2004. RFC 4293, Management Information Base for the Internet Protocol (IP). Copyright © The Internet Society, 2006. RFC 2932, IPv4 Multicast Routing MIB. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2000. RFC 2579, Textual Conventions for SMIv2. Copyright © The Internet Society, 1999. RFC 3919, Remote Network Monitoring (RMON) Protocol Identifiers for IPv6 and Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS). Copyright © The Internet Society, 2004. RFC 4149, Definition of Managed Objects for Synthetic Sources for Performance Monitoring Algorithms. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2005. RFC 4150, Transport Performance Metrics MIB. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2005. RFC 4710, Real-time Application Quality-of-Service Monitoring (RAQMON) Framework. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2006. RFC 2869, RADIUS Extensions. Copyright © The Internet Society, 2000. RFC 2865, Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS). Copyright © The Internet Society, 2000. Additional material in this book has been reproduced by kind permission of the ITU-T, TMF, and IPDR. iv Feedback Information At Cisco Press, our goal is to create in-depth technical books of the highest quality and value. Each book is crafted with care and precision, undergoing rigorous development that involves the unique expertise of members of the pro- fessional technical community. Reader feedback is a natural continuation of this process. If you have any comments about how we could improve the quality of this book, or otherwise alter it to better suit your needs, you can contact us through e-mail at feed- [email protected]. Please be sure to include the book title and ISBN in your message. We greatly appreciate your assistance. Publisher Paul Boger Associate Publisher Dave Dusthimer Cisco Representative Anthony Wolfenden Cisco Press Program Manager Jeff Brady Executive Editor Mary Beth Ray Managing Editor Patrick Kanouse Senior Development Editor Christopher Cleveland Senior Project Editor San Dee Phillips Copy Editor Gayle Johnson Technical Editors Alexander Clemm, Chris Elliot, Simon Leinen, John Strassner, Emmanuel Tychon, Jan Bollen, Michael Behringer Editorial Assistant Vanessa Evans Book and Cover Designer Louisa Adair Composition Mark Shirar Indexer Tim Wright Proofreader Molly Proue v About the Authors Benoit Claise, CCIE No. 2686, is a Cisco Distinguished Engineer working as an architect for embed- ded management and device instrumentation. His area of expertise includes accounting, performance, and fault management. Claise is a contributor to the NetFlow standardization at the IETF in the IPFIX and PSAMP working groups. He joined Cisco in 1996 as a customer support engineer in the Technical Assistance Center network management team. He then became an escalation engineer before joining the engineering team. Ralf Wolter is a senior manager, Consulting Engineering at Cisco Systems. He leads the Core and NMS/OSS consulting team for Europe and works closely with corporate engineering, as well as sup- porting large customer projects. His special field of interest is device instrumentation, related to accounting and performance management. He joined Cisco in 1996 as a systems engineer. He has pro- vided technical leadership for many large network management projects in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Before his current position, he worked as a networking consultant at AT&T/NCR, focusing on the design and management of data networks. vi About the Technical Reviewers Dr. Alexander Clemm is a senior architect with Cisco. He has been involved with integrated manage- ment of networked systems and services since 1990. He has provided technical leadership for many leading-edge network management development, architecture, and engineering efforts, from conception to delivery to the customer. His current responsibilities involve embedded management and instrumentation of devices for management purposes. Outside Cisco, Clemm is on the organizing or technical committees of the major IEEE management-related conferences. He is the author of the Cisco Press book Network Management Fundamentals. Chris Elliott, CCIE No. 2013 in Routing and Switching, has recertified in NMS and security, among other topics. He has extensive expertise in all aspects of networking, starting 30 years ago with ARPA- net. He has focused on network management for the last 17 years and is involved in several IETF proto- col standardization efforts. He is the author of the book Performance and Fault Management. In addition, he is the developer and presenter of several in-depth technology discussions presented at NetWorld+Interop, Networkers at Cisco Live, NANOG, and elsewhere. Simon Leinen has been working since 1996 as a network engineer for SWITCH, the Swiss education and research network operator. He helps build network monitoring and accounting systems. He has participated in several joint European research projects. Other activities include IETF standardization work—in particular, in the IPFIX and NETCONF working groups—and the development of the Performance Enhancement and Response Team (PERT), a service addressing end-to-end performance issues experienced by research network users. John Strassner is a Motorola fellow. He is also the Director of Autonomic Computing Research at Motorola, where he is responsible for directing Motorola's efforts in autonomic computing, policy man- agement, knowledge engineering and identity management. Previously, John was the chief strategy officer for Intelliden and a former Cisco fellow. John invented DEN (Directory Enabled Networks) and DEN-ng as a new paradigm for managing and provisioning networks and networked applications. John is the chair of the ACF and vice-chair of the Reconfigurability and Autonomics working group of the WWRF. He is the past chair of the TMF's NGOSS metamodel, policy, and Shared Information and Data modeling work groups, as well as being active in the ITU, OMG, and OASIS. He has authored two books (Directory Enabled Networks and Policy Based Network Management), written chapters for three other books, and has authored over 145 refereed journal and conference publications. Finally, he is an associate professor at Waterford Institute of Technology in Ireland. vii Dedications Benoit: First, and most important, I would like to thank my family for their ongoing support during the very long journey of writing this book. Expressed differently: “Lore, Julien, and Jocelyne, please accept my apologies for the multiple evenings and weekends I should have spent with you.” I also would like to thank Luc David and Frank Van Steenwinkel—respectively, my manager and direc- tor when I was at the Technical Assistance Center—for giving me the freedom to do what is important. Finally, I express my gratitude to the numerous people who encouraged me during the first stage of the project and throughout the completion of the book: some by reviewing the text, some by testing in the lab, and some simply for offering kind words. Special thanks for the always-positive attitude of Ralf, my coauthor. Ralf: First, I thank my wife Miriam for her love and patience during the course of this book. Without her com- mitment to me and the kids, I would not have been able to succeed in my professional life, and this book would have remained a nice dream. Instead, it became real! I also want to thank my children, Lydia and Henry, for releasing me during uncountable weekend hours. I’m looking forward to the day when they can read and understand this book. Next, I want to thank my coauthor, Benoit, for his commitment and for constantly reminding me that quality and consistency cannot be neglected, even for the price of missing a deadline. Taking this jour- ney together is an experience I will never forget. Finally, and certainly most important of all, I give all thanks to God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit for all that I am. viii Acknowledgments This book is the result of a team effort, finally during the writing and before throughout years of team- work and cooperation in driving the technology. We would like to acknowledge those who made it pos- sible to write this book. A big thank-you goes to several Cisco colleagues for their support, encouragement, and constructive feedback during the reviews, especially Marisol Palmero for the Data-Collection MIB, Bulk-MIB, and NBAR; Emmanuel Tychon for IP SLA; Alex Clemm for the scenarios; Jan Bollen for voice manage- ment; Michael Behringer for security; Chris Elliot for SNMP; Greg Weber for IPDR; and Stuart Parham for lab support. Their professional input helped add the missing pieces. Wewould like to say a special thank you to Simon Leinen and John Strassner for their due diligence and encouragement during the writing and reviewing of the book. We really appreciate your constructive feedback! A special thanks to our senior development editor, Christopher Cleveland, for the right combination of pushing and patience, and to our executive editor, Mary Beth Ray, for being flexible and always sup- portive and encouraging. ix This Book Is Safari Enabled The Safari®Enabled icon on the cover of your favorite technology book means the book is available through Safari Bookshelf. When you buy this book, you get free access to the online edition for 45 days. Safari Bookshelf is an electronic reference library that lets you easily search thousands of technical books, find code samples, download chapters, and access technical information whenever and wherever you need it. To gain 45-day Safari Enabled access to this book: • Go to http://www.ciscopress.com/safarienabled • Complete the brief registration form • Enter the coupon code GLFI-9ZBE-C2WM-CWEP-7I1E If you have difficulty registering on Safari Bookshelf or accessing the online edition, please e-mail [email protected].
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