Neoliberalism and the Changing Face of Unionism: The Combined and Uneven Development of Class Capacities in Turkey

173 Pages·2017·2.241 MB·English

by  Efe Can Gürcan, Berk Mete (auth.)

Neoliberalism
and the Changing
Face of Unionism
The Combined and Uneven Development
of Class Capacities in Turkey
EFE CAN GÜRCAN & BERK METE
Neoliberalism and the Changing Face of Unionism
Efe Can Gürcan • Berk Mete
Neoliberalism and the
Changing Face of
Unionism
The Combined and Uneven Development of
Class Capacities in Turkey
Efe Can Gürcan Berk Mete
Simon Fraser University Maltepe University
Port Moody, British Columbia Istanbul, Turkey
Canada
ISBN 978-3-319-48283-5 ISBN 978-3-319-48284-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-48284-2
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016963728
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017
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C
ontents
1 The Increasing Relevance of the Working Class:
Global Movements and the Case of Turkey 1
2 The Combined and Uneven Development of Class
Capacities in Pre-Neoliberal Turkey 29
3 Turkey’s Neoliberal Restructuring and Class Capacities:
A Macro-Level Assessment from a Combined and
Uneven Development Perspective 63
4 A Bottom-Up Approach to the Combined Development
of Working-Class Capacities in Turkey: Privatization,
Flexibilization, and Union Responses 93
5 T he Uneven Development of Working-Class
Capacities in Turkey: Clientelism, Paternalism, and
Politics of Identity 109
6 T urkey’s Social Unionism from a Combined and
Uneven Development Approach: Labour Flexibility and
Working-Class Identities 127
v
vi CONTENTS
7 Conclusion 147
Index 155
A
bbreviAtions
AKP Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Justice and Development
Party
ANAP Anavatan Partisi, Motherland Party
ASKON Anadolu Aslanları Iş̇adamları Derneği, Anatolian Lions’
Association of Businessmen
BASIN-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Basın Yayın Matbaa Çalışanları Sendikası, Media,
Broadcasting, and Press Employees’ Union of Turkey
BHH Birleşik Haziran Hareketi, United June Movement
BIÇ̇ DA Bilişim Çalışanları Dayanışma Ağı, IT Workers Solidarity
Network
BIṘ LEŞIK̇ METAL-IṠ ̧ Birleşik Metal Iş̇çileri Sendikası, United Metal Workers’
Union
CCA Class Capacity Analysis
CHP Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, Republican People’s Party
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CPT Communist Party of Turkey, Türkiye Komünist Partisi
CUD Combined and Uneven Development
CUP Committee of Union and Progress, Iṫtihat ve Terakki
ÇAY-KUR Çay Iş̇letmeleri Genel Müdürlüğü, General Directorate
of Tea Establishments
ÇELIK̇ -IṠ ̧ Çelik Sanayi Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Steel Workers’ Union
ÇİFTÇİ-SEN Çiftçi Sendikaları Konfederasyonu, Confederation of
Farmers’ Unions
DERI-̇IṠ ̧ Türkiye Kundura Sanayii Deriden Yapılan Eşya Debegat
Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Shoe and Leather Workers’ Union
DEV IL̇ ETIṠ ̧IṀ -IṠ ̧ Devrimci Il̇etişim ve Çağrı Merkezi Çalışanları Sendikası,
Revolutionary Communication Workers’ Union
vii
viii ABBREVIATIONS
DEV TURIŻ M-IṠ ̧ Devrimci Turizm Iṡç̧ ileri Sendikası, Revolutionary Tourism
Workers’ Union
DEV-YOL Devrimci Yol, Revolutionary Path Movement
DGM Devlet Güvenlik Mahkemeleri, State Security Courts
DIṠ K Devrimci Iş̇çi Sendikaları Konfederasyonu, Confederation
of Revolutionary Trade Unions of Turkey
DP Demokrat Parti, Democratic Party
DTP Demokratik Toplum Partisi, Democratic Society Party
EĞIṪ -DER Eğitimciler Derneği, Educators’ Association
EĞIṪ IṀ BIṘ -SEN Eğitimciler Birliği Sendikası, United Educators’ Union
EĞIṪ IṀ -IṠ ̧ Eğitim ve Bilim Iş̇görenleri Sendikası, Education and
Science Employees’ Union
EĞIṪ IṀ -SEN Eğitim ve Bilim Emekçileri Sendikası, Education and
Science Labourers’ Union
EMEKLI-̇SEN Tüm Emekliler Sendikası, Union of the All Retired
EPID Export Promotion and Implementation Department
EVIḊ -SEN Ev Iş̇çileri Dayanışma Sendikası, Domestic Workers’
Solidarity Union
FPSSC Promotion of Social Solidarity and Cooperation
GDO Gross Domestic Output
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GENÇ-SEN Öğrenci Gençlik Sendikası, Students’ Youth Union
GENEL-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Genel Hizmetler Iş̇çileri Sendikası, General
Services Workers’ Union of Turkey
GIDA-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Gıda Sanayii Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Food Industry
Workers’ Union of Turkey
GNP Gross National Product
GPPs Gezi Park Protests
HABER-IṠ ̧ Posta, Telgraf, Telefon, Radyo, Televizyon Iş̇çileri Ve
Hizmetlileri Sendikası, Communication Workers’ Union
HAK-IṠ ̧ Hak Iş̇çi Sendikaları Konfederasyonu, Confederation of
Turkish Real Trade Unions
HAVA-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Sivil Havacılık Sendikası, Civil Aviation Union
of Turkey
HDP Halkların Demokratik Partisi, Peoples’ Democratic Party
ICFTU International Confederation of Free Trade Unions
ILO International Labour Organization
IMF International Monetary Fund
IṄ ŞAAT-IṠ ̧ Iṅ şaat Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Construction Workers’ Union
KÇSP Kamu Çalısa̧ nları Sendikaları Platformu, Public Employees’
Union Platform
ABBREVIATIONS ix
KESK Kamu Emekçileri Sendikaları Konfederasyonu, Con-
federation of Public Workers’ Unions
KIṪ Kamu Ik̇ tisadi Teşebbüsleri, Public Economic Enterprises
KRIṠ TAL-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Çimento, Cam, Seramik Ve Toprak Sanayii
Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Glassware, Cement, Ceramics and
Clay Workers’ Union
Lastik-Iş̇ Türkiye Petrol, Kimya ve Lastik Sanayii Iş̇çileri Sendikası,
Oil, Petrochemicals and Tire Workers’ Union
LCL Labour Contract Law
MAS Movimiento al Socialismo, Movement Towards Social-
ism, Bolivia
MEDYA-IṠ ̧ Medya Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Media Workers’ Union
MEMUR-SEN Memur Sendikaları Konfederasyonu, Confederation of
Public Servants’ Unions
MESS Türkiye Metal Sanayicileri Sendikası, Metalware
Industrialists’ Union / Metal Industrialists’ Union of
Turkey
MFSP Ministry of Family and Social Policies, T.C. Aile ve
Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı
MHP Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, Nationalist Action Party
MÜSIȦ D Müstakil Sanayici ve Iş̇adamları Derneği, Independent
Industrialists’ and Businessmen’s Association
MP Member of Parliament
NAKLİYAT-İŞ Türkiye Devrimci Deniz ve Kara Nakliyat İşçileri
Sendikası, Revolutionary Road, Air and Railway
Workers’ Union of Turkey
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NETAŞ Netaş Telekomünikasyon A.Ş., Northern Electric
Telecommunications Inc.
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Devel-
opment
OEEC Organization for European Economic Cooperation
OPDA The Ottoman Public Debt Administration
OTOMOBIL̇ -IṠ ̧ Türkiye Otomobil Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Automotive
Workers’ Union
ÖZ AĞAÇ-IṠ ̧ Ağaç, Mantar, Sunta Ve Mobilya Sanayii Iş̇çileri
Sendikası, Real Timber, Paper, Furniture, Chipboard
and Cork Workers’ Union
ÖZ GIDA-IṠ ̧ Öz Tütün Müskirat Ve Gıda Sanayii Yardımcı Iş̇çileri
Sendikası, Real Tobacco, Distillery, and Food Industry
Workers’ Union
x ABBREVIATIONS
ÖZ TAŞIMA-IṠ ̧ Öz Hava, Kara ve Demiryolu Taşıma Iş̇ Sendikası, Real
Airlines, Road and Railways Workers’ Union
PEP Plaza Eylem Platformu, Plaza Action Platform
PETKIṀ Petkim Petrokimya Holding A.Ş., Petkim Petrochemicals
Holding
PETLAS Petlas Lastik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş., Petlas Tire Industry
and Commerce
PETROL-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Petrol, Kimya, Lastik Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Oil,
Chemicals and Tire Workers’ Union of Turkey
PM Prime Minister
POAŞ Petrol Ofisi A.Ş., Oil Office Inc.
PTT Posta ve Telgraf Teşkilatı, Post and Telegraph [Cargo]
Organization
SADK Sendikalar Arası Dayanışma Konseyi, Council of Inter-
Union Solidarity
SEKA Türkiye Selüloz ve Kağıt Fabrikaları A. Ş, Turkish
Cellulose and Paper Factories Inc.
SGBP Sendikal Güçbirliği Platformu, Union Alliance Platform
TARIṠ ̧ Tarım Satış Kooperatifleri Birlikleri, Agricultural Sales
Cooperatives Union
TDHB Türk Diş Hekimleri Birliği, Turkish Dentists’ Union
TEKEL Tütün, Tütün Mamulleri, Tuz ve Alkol Iş̇letmeleri
A.Ş., Tobacco, Tobacco Products, Salt and Alcohol
Enterprises
TEKGIDA-IṠ ̧ Türkiye Tütün, Müskirat, Gıda Ve Yardımcı Iş̇çileri
Sendikası, Tobacco, Distillery, and Food Workers’
Union of Turkey
TÜGSAŞ Türkiye Gübre Sanayii A.Ş., Fertilizer Industry of Turkey
TÜPRAŞ Türkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A.Ş., Oil Refineries of Turkey
TGS Türkiye Gazeteciler Sendikası, Journalists’ Union of
Turkey,
TIṖ Türkiye Iş̇çi Partisi, Workers’ Party of Turkey
TMMOB Türkiye Mühendis ve Mimar Odaları Birliği, Union of
Chambers of Turkish Engineers and Architect
TSP Taksim Solidarity Platform, Taksim Dayanışması
TTB Türk Tabipler Birliği, Turkish Medical Association
TUSKON Türkiye Iş̇adamları ve Sanayiciler Konfederasyonu,
Turkish Confederation of Industrialists
Türk Maden-Iş̇ Türkiye Maden Iş̇çileri Sendikası, Turkish Mining
Workers’ Union
Türkiye Maden-Iş̇ Türkiye Maden, Madeni Eşya ve Makina Sanayii Iş̇çileri
Sendikası, Mining, Hardware, and Machinery Workers’
Union of Turkey