Negotiating a Preferential Trading Agreement: Issues, Constraints and Practical Options PDF
Preview Negotiating a Preferential Trading Agreement: Issues, Constraints and Practical Options
Negotiating a Preferential Trading Agreement Negotiating a Preferential Trading Agreement Issues, Constraints and Practical Options Edited by Sisira Jayasuriya School of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia Donald MacLaren Department of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Gary Magee School of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia Edward Elgar Cheltenham, UK • Northampton, MA, USA © Sisira Jayasuriya, Donald MacLaren and Gary Magee 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical or photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited The Lypiatts 15 Lansdown Road Cheltenham Glos GL50 2JA UK Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc. William Pratt House 9 Dewey Court Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: 2009921522 ISBN 978 1 84720 481 3 Printed and bound by MPG Books Group, UK Contents List of fi gures vii List of tables viii List of contributors ix List of abbreviations xi Preface xiv PART I: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW 1 Introduction 3 Sisira Jayasuriya and Gary Magee 2 Review of international experience: ex post studies of other PTAs and implications for PTA design 12 Russell Hillberry 3 Multilateralism and FTAs: a Chinese perspective on an Australia–China FTA 35 Dashu Wang PART II: SECTOR-SPECIFIC ISSUES 4 Manufacturing products and related issues in a free trade agreement between China and Australia 51 Neville Norman 5 Agriculture 74 Donald MacLaren 6 Services in PTAs – donuts or holes? 97 Philippa Dee and Christopher Findlay 7 Resources sector and foreign investment 129 Yinhua Mai and Philip Adams PART III: KEY ISSUES FACING FTA NEGOTIATORS 8 Intellectual property in a possible China–Australia free trade agreement 155 Kimberlee Weatherall v vi Contents 9 Rules of origin 170 Peter Lloyd and Donald MacLaren 10 Settlement of disputes under free trade agreements 192 Jeff Waincymer 11 Safeguards, anti-dumping actions and countervailing duties 219 Martin Richardson 12 Ensuring compliance between a bilateral PTA and the WTO 235 Andrew D. Mitchell and Nicolas J.S. Lockhart Index 255 Figures 2.1 Cumulative notifi cations of PTAs to the WTO 13 2.2 Diff erentiated commodities in exports (1962–2000) 16 2.3 USITC ex post estimates of welfare changes in fi ve trade agreements 26 5.1 Percentage PSE and CSE, 1986–2005 80 5.2 Total support estimate as a percentage of GDP (%TSE), 1986–2005 82 5.3 %PSE for selected commodities, China and OECD 87 7.1 Estimating the eff ects of an Australia–China FTA 130 7.2 China: production and consumption of crude oil 1965–2005, million tonnes 131 7.3 China: consumption, production and trade of crude oil 2005, million tonnes 131 7.4 China’s high gross domestic savings 1980–2004, as percentage of GDP 140 7.5 China: current account surplus 1982–2004, million USD 141 7.6 China: total amount of FDI actually used, billion USD 144 7.7 Simulating the eff ects of investment liberalization 146 11.1 AD initiations by China 223 11.2 China’s anti-dumping cases, 2002–4 223 vii Tables 3.1 Merchandise export shares by selected countries 39 3.2 Merchandise import shares by selected countries 40 3.3 Top ten exports from Australia to China (2006) 42 3.4 Top ten imports from China to Australia (2006) 43 5.1 Nominal rates of assistance (NRA in percentage) for selected agricultural commodities, Australia, 1985–9 to 2000–3 81 5.2 %PSE for China, 1993–2003 87 6.1 Template for scoring cross-border trade in services 110 6.2 Template for scoring investment 114 6.3 Template for scoring movement of natural persons 117 6.4 PTA agreements 121 6.5 Comparing PTAs and the GATS – cross-border trade and general measures 123 6.6 Comparing PTAs and the GATS – investment 125 6.7 Comparing PTAs and the GATS – movement of people 126 7.1 China: imports from the world of resource products 132 7.2 China: imports from Australia of resource products 133 7.3 Baseline: the business-as-usual scenario 134 7.4 Levels of tariff -equivalent border protection on bilateral merchandise trade between Australia and China 135 7.5 Removing tariff equivalents on merchandise trade (full liberalization in 2006): eff ects on the resource sectors 136 7.6 Removing tariff equivalents on merchandise trade (full liberalization in 2006): trade liberalization-induced endogenous productivity improvement 139 7.7 Australia–China FTA: eff ects of investment liberalization 147 7.8 Australia–China FTA: eff ects of removing border protection on merchandise trade and investment liberalization 148 9.1 Main features of ROO systems 177 11.1 Australian AD initiations against China, 1989–2006 224 viii Contributors Philip Adams, Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Philippa Dee, Crawford School of Economics and Government, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia Christopher Findlay, School of Economics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia Russell Hillberry, School of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Sisira Jayasuriya, School of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia Peter Lloyd, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Nicolas J.S. Lockhart, Sidley Austin Brown & Wood LLP, Sydney, Australia Donald MacLaren, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Gary Magee, School of Economics and Finance, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia Yinhua Mai, Centre of Policy Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Andrew D. Mitchell, Melbourne Law, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Neville Norman, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Martin Richardson, School of Economics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia Jeff Waincymer, Faculty of Law, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia ix
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