Table Of Content

The National Parks Index 2005-2007 Ta^. ioS'-^oo5-Aooq See www.cr.nps.gov/hi5iory/oniine_books/nps/lndex2005_07.pdfforan electronic edition ofthis Index. Future editions maytakethefonm ofa searchable online Index. Official Index of the National Park Service The National Parks Index 2005-2007 Revised to Include the Actions of the 108th Congress ending December 31, 2004 Produced by the Office of Public Affairs and Harpers Ferry Center National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. Ahaul IhisBook Hiis index is a complete administrative listingofthe Nation- al Park System's areas and related areas.It is revised bienni- ally to reflect congressional actions.The entries,grouped by state,include administrative addresses and phone numbers, dates ofauthorization and estabhshment,boundarychange dates,acreages,and briefstatements explainingthe areas' national signiflcance.This book is not intended as aguide for park visitors.There is no informationregardingcampgrounds, trails,visitorservices,hours,etc.Those needingsuch informa- tion can visit each area's web site,accessible through the Na- tional Park Service ParkNet home page (www.nps.gov). TheMission oftheNationalParkService The National Park Service preserves unimpaired the natural andcultural resourcesandvaluesoftheNationalParkSystem for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations.The National Park Service cooperates with partners to extend the benefits of natural and cultural resource conservationandoutdoorrecreation throughout thiscountryandtheworld. Forsale by the SuperintendentofDocuments,U.S.Govern- ment Printing Office,Stop SSOP,Washington,DC20402- 0001.or through the Internet at bookstore.gpo.gov. ISBN 10: 0-912627-75-1 ISBN 13: 9780912627755 Contents i-i^-.Aiii' HELPS LA;L....,,iON oar Part 1 Introduction 4 National Park System 6 Nomenclature of Park System Areas 7 Designation ofWilderness Areas 8 Parks in the Nation's Capital 9 Related Areas 9 Regional Offices 9 Maps of the National Park System 10 Statistical Summary 13 Part 2 Listing of National Park System Areas by State 14 Part 3 Related Areas 94 Atliliated Areas 96 National Heritage Areas 101 National Wild and Scenic Rivers System 107 National Trails System 1 12 Alphabetical Listing 120 Parti Mi x^ .'r^- ^^.'^ Introduction Grand CanyonNational Park National Park System OnAugust 25, 1916,PresidentWoodrowWil- son signed the act creating the National Park Service, a new federal bureau in the Depart- ment of the Interior responsible for protect- ing the 35 national parks and monuments then managed by the department and those yet to be estabhshed. This "Organic Act" states that "the Service thus established shall promote and regulate the use of the Federal areas known as national parks, monuments and reservations...by such means and mea- sures as conform to the fundamental purpose of the said parks, monuments and reservations, which purpose is to conserve the scenery and the natural and historic objects and the wild life therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations." The National Park Service still strives to meet those original goals, while filling many other roles as well: guardian of our diverse cultural and recreational resources; environ- mental advocate; world leader in the parks and preservation community; and pioneer in the drive to protectAmerica's open space. The National Park System of the United States comprises 388 areas covering more than 84milhon acres in 49 States,the District ofColumbia,AmericanSamoa,Guam,Puerto Rico, Saipan, and the Virgin Islands. These areas are of such national significance as to justify special recognition and protection in accordance with various acts ofCongress. By the Act of March 1, 1872, Congress es- Lincoln Memorial tablished Yellowstone National Park in the Territories of Montana and Wyoming "as a publicparkorpleasuring-ground forthe ben- efit and enjoyment ofthe people" and placed it"underexclusivecontrol ofthe Secretaryof the Interior." The founding of Yellowstone National Park began a worldwide national parkmovement.Todaymore than 100nations contain some 1,200 national parks or equiva- lent preserves. In the years following the establishment of Yellowstone,the UnitedStatesauthorizedad- ditional national parks and monuments,most of them carved from the federal lands of the West. These, also, were administered by the Department ofthe Interior,while other monuments and natural and historical areas were administeredasseparateunitsbytheWarDe- partment and the Forest Service of the De- partment of Agriculture. No single agency tures ofland or water ofgreat scenic and sci- provided unified management of the varied entific quality and are usually designated as federal parklands. national parks, monuments, preserves, sea- An Executive Orderin 1933 transferred 56 shores, lakeshores, or riverways. Such areas national monuments and military sites from contain one or more distinctive attributes the Forest Service and the War Department such as forest,grassland, tundra,desert,estu- to the National Park Service.This action was ary, or river systems: they may contain win- a major step in the developm—ent of today's dows on the past for a view ofgeological his- truly national system ofparks a system that tory; they may contain imposing landforms includes areas of historical as well as scenic such as mountains, mesas, thermal areas, and and scientific importance. caverns: and they may be habitats of abun- Congress declared in the General Authori- dant or rare wildlife and plantlife. ties Act of 1970 "that the National Park Sys- Generally, a national park contains a vari- tem, which began with the establishment of ety of resources and encompasses large land Yellowstone National Park in 1872. has since or water areas to help provide adequate pro- grown to include superlative natural,historic, tection ofthe resources. and recreation areas in every region...and A national monument is intended to pre- that it is the purpose ofthisAct to include all serve at least one nationally significant re- such areas in the System " source. It is usually smaller than a national Additions to the National Park System are park and lacks its diversity ofattractions. now generally made through acts of Con- In 1974, Big Cypress and BigThicket were gress,and national parks can be created only authorizedasthe first nationalpreserves.This through such acts. But the President has au- category is established primarily for the pro- thority, under the Antiquities Act of 1906. to tection ofcertain resources.Activitiessuch as proclaim national monuments on lands al- hunting and fishing or the extraction of min- ready under federal jurisdiction. ITie Secre- erals and fuels may be permitted if they do tary of the Interior is usually asked by Con- notjeopardize the naturalvalues.Nationalre- gress for recommendations on proposed ad- serves are similar to the preserves. Manage- ditions to the System. ITie Secretary is coun- ment may be transferred to local or state au- seled by the National Park System Advisory thorities.The first reserve.City of Rocks,was Board, composed of private citizens, which established in 19H8. advises on possible additions to the System Preservingshoreline areasandoff-shore is- and policies for its management. lands, the national lakeshores and national seashores focuson the preservation ofnatural Nomenclature ofPark System Areas values while at the same time providing The diversity of the parks is reflected in the water-oriented recreation. Although national variety of titles given to them.These include lakeshores can be established on any natural such designations as national park, national freshwater lake, the existing four are all lo- preserve, national monument, national cated on the Great Lakes. The national sea- memorial, national historic site, national shores are on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific seashore,and national battlefield park. coasts. Although some titles are self-explanatory, National rivers and wild and scenic river- others have been used in many different ways preserve ribbons of land bordering on ways. For example, the title "national monu- free-flowing streams which have not been ment"has been given to natural reservations, dammed, channelized, or otherwise altered. historic military fortifications, prehistoric Besides preserving rivers in their natural ruins,fossil sites,and to the Statue cfLiberty. state, these areas provide opportunities for In recent years,both Congress and the Na- outdoor activities such as hiking, canoeing, tional Park Service have attempted to sim- and hunting. plify the nomenclature and to establish basic National scenic trails are generally long- criteria for use of the different official titles. distance footpaths winding through areas of Brief definitions of the most common titles natural beauty. follow. Although best known for its great scenic Areas added to the National Park System parks,more thanhalftheareasoftheNational for their natural values are expanses or fea- Park System preserve places and commemo- rate persons, events, and activities important ation areas outside the National Park System in the nation's history. These range from that are administered by the Forest Service, archeological sitesassociatedwithprehistoric U.S.Department ofAgriculture. Indian civihzationstositesrelatedtothe Hves National parkways encompass ribbons of ol modern Americans. Historical areas are landflankingroadwaysand offeran opportu- customarily preserved or restored to reflect nity for driving through areas ofscenic inter- their appearance during the period of their est.Theyarenotdesignedforhighspeedtravel. greatest historical significance. Besides the four areas set aside as parkways, In recent years, national historic site has other units of the National Park System in- been the title most commonly applied by clude parkways within their boundaries. Congress in authorizing the addition of such One area of the National Park System has areastothe N—ational ParkSystem.Awideva- been set aside primarily as a site for the per- rietyoftitles nationalmilitarypark,national forming arts.This isWolfTrap National Park hattlefield park, nat—ional battlefleld site, and for the Performing Arts, Virginia, America's national battlefleld has been used for areas first such national park.Two historical areas. associated with American military history. Ford's Theatre National Historic Site, in But other areas such as national monuments Washington, D.C., and Chamizal National and nationalhistoricalparksmayincludefea- Memorial,Texas,alsoprovidefacihtiesforthe turesassociatedwithmilitaryhistory.National performingarts. historical parks are commonly areas of greater physical extent and complexity than Designation ofWildernessAreas national historic sites.The lone international In the Wilderness Act of 1964 Congress di- historic site refers to a site relevant to both rected certain federal agencies, including the U.S.and Canadian history. NationalPark Service,tostudylandstheyad- ITie title national memorial is most often minister for their suitability for inclusion in used for areas that are primarily commemo- theNationalWildernessPreservation System. rative. They need not be sites or structures Congress has now designated wilderness historically associated with theirsubjects.For areasin45 unitsoftheNational Park System. example, the home of Abraham Lincoln in Wilderness designation does not remove Springfield, III., is a national historic site, but these lands from the parks but ensures they the Lincoln Memorial in the District of Co- aremanagedtoretaintheir"primevalcharac- lumbia is a national memorial. ter and influence, without permanent im- Several areas whose titles do not include provements or human habitation."There are the words"national memorial" are neverthe- also32wildernessstudyareas underNational less classified as memorials.These are Frank- Park Service management. Ofthese areas, 17 lin Delano Roosevelt Memorial,KoreanWar were formally transmitted for Congressional VeteransMemorial,LincolnMemorial,Lyndon action in the Nixon,Ford, and Carter admin- Baines Johnson Memorial Grove, Theodore istrations in the 1970s. Roosevelt Island,ThomasJefferson Memori- The Act provides that "there shall be no al. Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington commercial enterprise and no permanent Monument, and World War II Memorial in road within any wilderness area and (ex- the District of Columbia; USS Arizona cept foremergency uses) no tempo. .r.ary road, Memorial in Hawaii; Jefferson National Ex- no use of motor vehicles, motorized equip- pansion Memorial in Missouri; Perry'sVicto- ment or motor boats, no landing of aircraft, ry in Ohio;andArlington House inVirginia. no other form of mechanical transport, and Originally, national recreation areas in the nostructureorinstallation."Wilderness areas park system were units surrounding reser- are open to hiking and, in some cases, horse- voirs impounded by dams built by other fed- back riding, primitive camping, and other eralagencies.TheNationalParkServiceman- nonmechanical recreation. The Wilderness ages many of these areas under cooperative Actrecognizesthatwilderness"mayalsocon- agreements.Theconceptofrecreationalareas tain ecological, geological, or other features has grown to encompass other lands and wa- of scientific, educational, scenic, or historical tCueorrnbsagnrseetcsesanstiaedrnesd.fTonhroewrreecirnaecraletuidaolenssaolmnuaasjteoiorbnyaalraercatesscreoi-nf vttaahnletureav.pa"eluWutieilscd,aescrunwleetslulsr.ael,mbaonddiemsanspyiriottuhael,rairtmipsotirc-,