Table Of Content

NASM’s Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training Micheal A. Clark, DPT, MS, PES, CES Chief Executive Officer National Academy of Sports Medicine Mesa, AZ Scott C. Lucett, MS, PES, CES, NASM—CPT Director of Education National Academy of Sports Medicine Mesa, AZ NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd ii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3300 PPMM Acquisitions Editor: Emily Lupash Product Manager: Andrea Klingler Marketing Manager: Christen Murphy Designer: Teresa Mallon Compositor: SPi Technologies First Edition Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business 351 West Camden Street Two Commerce Square Baltimore, MD 21201 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 Printed in China All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their offi cial duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via website at lww.com (products and services). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data NASM essentials of corrective exercise training/[edited by] Micheal A. Clark, Scott C. Lucett. — 1st ed. p. ; cm. Other title: Essentials of corrective exercise training Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7817-6802-3 (alk. paper) 1. Exercise therapy. I. Clark, Micheal. II. Lucett, Scott. III. National Academy of Sports Medicine. IV. Title: Essentials of corrective exercise training. [DNLM: 1. Athletic Injuries—rehabilitation. 2. Athletic Injuries—diagnosis. 3. Athletic Injuries—prevention & control. 4. Exercise Movement Techniques. 5. Exercise Therapy— methods. 6. Sports Medicine. QT 261 N255 2011] RM725.N373 2011 615.8’2—dc22 2010023998 DISCLAIMER Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information present and to describe gener- ally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situa- tion remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant fl ow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. 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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd iiii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM NASM’s Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training Mission To provide health and fitness professionals with the best evidence-based injury prevention education, systems, and solutions NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd iiiiii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM National Academy of Sports Medicine Code of Ethics THE following code of ethics is designed to assist certifi ed and non-certified members of the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) to uphold (both as individuals and as an industry) the highest levels of professional and ethical conduct. This Code of Ethics refl ects the level of commitment and integrity necessary to ensure that all NASM members provide the highest level of service and respect for all colleagues, allied professionals and the general public. Professionalism Each certifi ed or non-certifi ed member must provide optimal professional service and demonstrate excellent client care in his/her practice. Each member shall: 1. Abide fully by the NASM Code of Ethics. 2. Conduct themselves in a manner that merits the respect of the public, other colleagues and NASM. 3. Treat each colleague and/or client with the utmost respect and dignity. 4. Not make false or derogatory assumptions concerning the practices of colleagues and/or clients. 5. Use appropriate professional communication in all verbal, non-verbal and written transactions. 6. Provide and maintain an environment that ensures client safety that, at minimum, requires that the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member: a. Shall not diagnose or treat illness or injury (except for basic fi rst aid) unless the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member is legally licensed to do so and is working in that capacity, at that time. b. Shall not train clients with a diagnosed health condition unless the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member has been specifi cally trained to do so, is following procedures prescribed and supervised by a valid licensed medical professional, or unless the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member is legally licensed to do so and is working in that capacity at that time. c. Shall not begin to train a client prior to receiving and reviewing a current health-history questionnaire signed by the client. d. Shall hold a CPR certifi cation at all times. 7. Refer the client to the appropriate medical practitioner when, at minimum, the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member: a. Becomes aware of any change in the client’s health status or medication b. Becomes aware of an undiagnosed illness, injury or risk factor c. Becomes aware of any unusual client pain and/or discomfort during the course the training session that warrants professional care after the session has been discontinued and assessed NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd iivv 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM 8. Refer the client to other healthcare profes- 1. Obey all local, state, providence and/or sionals when nutritional and supplemental federal laws. advice is requested unless the certifi ed or 2. Accept complete responsibility for his/her non-certifi ed member has been specifi cally actions. trained to do so or holds a credential to do 3. Maintain accurate and truthful records. so and is acting in that capacity at the time. 4. Respect and uphold all existing publishing 9. Maintain a level of personal hygiene appro- and copyright laws. priate for a health and fitness setting. 10. Wear clothing that is clean, modest and pro- Business Practice fessional. Each certifi ed or non-certifi ed member must 11. If certifi ed, remain in good standing and practice with honesty, integrity and lawfulness. maintain current certifi cation status by In his/her professional role, the certifi ed or non- acquiring all necessary continuing-education certifi ed member shall: requirements (see NASM Recertifi cation Information). 1. Maintain adequate liability insurance. 2. Maintain adequate and truthful progress notes for each client. Confi dentiality 3. Accurately and truthfully inform the public Each certifi ed and non-certifi ed member shall of services rendered. respect the confi dentiality of all client informa- 4. Honestly and truthfully represent all profes- tion. In his/her professional role, the certifi ed or sional qualifi cations and affi liations. non-certifi ed member: 5. Advertise in a manner that is honest, dig- nified and representative of services that 1. Protect the client’s confi dentiality in conver- can be delivered without the use of pro- sations, advertisements and any other arena, vocative and/or sexual language and/or unless otherwise agreed upon by the client pictures. in writing, or due to medical and/or legal 6. Maintain accurate fi nancial, contract, necessity. appointment and tax records including origi- 2. Protect the interest of clients who are minors nal receipts for a minimum of four years. by law, or who are unable to give voluntary 7. Comply with all local, state, federal consent by securing the legal permission of or providence laws regarding sexual the appropriate third party or guardian. harassment. 3. Store and dispose of client records in secure manner. NASM expects each member to uphold the Code of Ethics in its entirety. Failure to comply with the NASM Code of Ethics may result in disci- Legal and Ethical plinary actions including but not limited to sus- Each certifi ed or non-certifi ed member must pension or termination of membership and/or comply with all legal requirements within the certifi cation. All members are obligated to report applicable jurisdiction. In his/her professional any unethical behavior or violation of the Code role, the certifi ed or non-certifi ed member must: of Ethics by other NASM members. NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd vv 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM Preface THE NASM Corrective Exercise Continuum has been a facet in both the fitness and sports performance training arenas for years and as such, has benefi ted many professionals and top-notch athletes along the way. From top-level trainers, executives owning and managing professional teams, to the athletes themselves, the reach of the Corrective Exercise Continuum is beyond compare as noted by the following friends of NASM, who have been instrumental in the success of the best performance and injury prevention training system in the fi eld. “NASM OPT-Training is a huge benefit. It has a cumulative effect on your body. If your body is more receptive every night, it’s going to help you over the long term.” —Steve Nash, Phoenix Suns, Two-Time NBA MVP “NASM’s Corrective Exercise Training course is by far the best continuing education I have taken. The systematic process, the redefining of preventative care, and the hands-on focus has allowed me to do my job better.” —Fred Tedeschi, Head Athletic Trainer, Chicago Bulls “I felt like I didn’t have the competitive edge to make a lasting impact in the personal training industry. I would struggle to see what other trainers were doing and what I wasn’t doing. I finally realized that the one major thing that NASM offered, that most other certifications didn’t offer, was Corrective Exercise as well as Optimum Performance Training. Keep up the great work NASM as you continue to lead the fitness industry and change the lives of many for years to come!” —Ralph Arellanes, NASM CPT, CES, Personal Trainer, New Mexico “The health and wellness of professional athletes has an intangible value—sickness or injury can devastate an organization, team, and athlete. As a medical professional, I understand the importance of keeping each athlete healthy and I rely on the best science and techniques to do just that. NASM’s unique program- ming model and integrated training techniques exemplify their commitment to cutting-edge performance training methods. Too often we dedicate our resources to rehabilitating an athlete and neglect to focus on injury prevention, but NASM’s programs combine the latest science, research and clinical applications available to help athletes reduce injuries and reach their performance potential. NASM’s evidence-based approach systematically progresses athletes through a solid foun- dation punctuated with preventative measures and works to ensure a physically sound athlete throughout their career.” —Dr. Thomas Carter, Team Physician, Phoenix Suns and Emeritus Head of Orthopedic Surgery, Arizona State University NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd vvii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM “I feel like I’m contributing. As long as I feel like that, I’ll keep playing . . . I feel like I found the fountain of youth.” —Grant Hill, Phoenix Suns “As an athletic trainer with the Chicago Cubs, I applied the information and prin- ciples from NASM’s Sports Performance and Corrective Exercise programs with great results. These courses made me an even better athletic trainer and the players respected me even more.” —Esteban Melendez, MS, ATC, LAT, NASM PES, CES, Florida “NASM has given me more avenues to explore what a player is going through. Watching his movements, seeing what he’s lacking, then assessing and stretching the asymmetries in players. The more you have in your toolbox, the better you’ll be professionally, and the better you’ll be for your players.” —Ben Potenziano, ATC, CES. Strength and Conditioning Coach, San Francisco Giants “NASM has been an unparalleled education provider to myself and my staff. They have helped us provide our athletes with the best possible training and corrective strategies to keep them on the court.” —Aaron Nelson, Head Athletic Trainer, Phoenix Suns “I had been a trainer and in the business for approximately 13 years and carried three other certifications . . . They were helpful, but I knew I needed something to augment and enhance my knowledge . . . NASM provided this. Because of the educational opportunities and leadership provided by NASM, I have been greatly enhanced as a trainer, simply because it is effective and builds upon itself.” —Dan Cordell, NASM CPT, PES, CES, Georgia “I’ve obtained numerous certifications from nationally recognized organizations, but NASM is simply the best. NASM has given me scientific, progressive knowledge that I apply to all of my client programs.” —Patrick Murphy, NASM CPT, CES, PES NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd vviiii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM Letter from the CEO I applaud you on your dedication to helping athletes achieve the height of their physical skill, and thank you for entrusting the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) with your education. By following the techniques in this book, NASM’s Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training, you will gain the information, insight, and inspiration you need to change the world as a health and fitness professional. Since 1987, NASM has been the leading authority in certifi cation, continuing education, solutions and tools for health and fitness, sports performance and sports medicine professionals. Our systematic and scientifi c approach to both fitness and performance continues to raise the bar as the “gold standard” in the industry. Today, we serve as the global authority in more than 80 coun- tries, serving more than 100,000 members! Tomorrow, our possibilities are endless. The health and fitness and sports performance industries are prime for a convergence of the latest science with cutting-edge technological solutions for maximizing the human potential. With the advances in research and application techniques, exercise and sports performance training will shift upward, drawing on traditional approaches while embracing new ideologies for enhancing the abilities of gym enthusiast and athletes alike. These industry shifts will continue to provide unlimited opportunities for you as an elite NASM professional. Today’s gym member and athlete have an increasingly high level of expectations. They demand the best and the brightest who can provide unparalleled results. To meet these expectations and better deliver quality, innovation, and evidence-based performance enhancement solutions to the world, NASM has developed new and exciting solutions with best-in-class partners from the education, healthcare, sports and entertainment, and technology industries. With the help of our best-in-class partnerships—and top professionals like you—we will continue to live up to the expectations placed upon us and strive to raise the bar in our pursuit of excellence! Innovation is important in performance and the new NASM refl ects our ability to stay ground-breaking in an ever evolving world. Amidst all of the change, we will always stay true to our mission and values: delivering evidence-based solutions driven by excellence, innovation and results. This is essential to our long-term success as a company, and to your individual career success as a health and fitness professional. Scientific research and techniques also continue to advance and, as a result, you must remain on the cutting edge in order to remain competitive. The NASM education continuum—certifi cation, specializations, continuing NNAASSMM__FFMM..iinndddd vviiiiii 77//55//22001100 88::4477::3311 PPMM