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NASA SP4407 EXPLORING THE UNKNOWN Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. CiviSplacie Parongra m VolIllu: Usminge Sp ace John M. Logsdon, Editor with Roger D. Launius, David H. Onket and Stephen |. Garber The NASA HistoSreryie s Nationa! Aeronautics and Space Admunistration Library of Congres Cataloguing-in-PublicatiDoonts Exploring the Unknown: Selected Document: in the History of the 0S. Civil Space Program / M. Laggsdon, editor ... jet al] p. cm. —(The NASA history series) (NASA SP 1407) Includes bibhographical references and indexes Contents + 1 Organizing for wathon 1 Astronautics——t nited States—History 1 Lagden, John M.. 10%7- Th Series IV Series NASA SP 44007 11.780.8 0 9OR7 1K Hey 7 RT tae 20 cw Few wale th the 1S Government Pinung Office Saperomf Deumonntd eMend S iqp SSOP WaetungeanD N seat4?i e eio,t i ISBN O 16.0460546-6 ace and Leonard Poneers in the Use of Space for Benetity on Barth Acknowledgments Introduction Biographies of Volume III Essay Authors and Editors Glossary Chapter One Easay: “The History of Satellite Communications,” by Joseph N, Pelion Documenta Ie and bY Arthur ©. Clarke, “The Space-Station: lis Radio Applications,” May 25, 145, and Arthas ©. Clarke, “Extra Terrestrial Reliws: Can Rocket Stations Give World-Wide Radio Coverages,” Wireless World, Octohes WAS, pp, WOR MOM 14 Joho RB. Pierce. “Exotic Radio Communications” Mell Laboratories Records, Seprember W999, pp. WHIM ce, 4 Memorandum trom SG. Law to AV. Heel, “Commercial Satellite Communication Project, Preliminary Report ot Study lask Force,” 1M October 22, mye BResemeeeatowmr:: i «S@eaeasth-~tpeeaeeeeatanpeenea 1% HA. Rosen and DD. Willams, Commernial Communications Satellite, Report RDL i, eresD ivision, Hughes Aircraft7 Jariiaes 1900 TEETETLT CUTER LATE ko. Yr tne .. © 14) “Memorandum tor Conference on Communications Satellite Development,” December 7, 1980 ce ' " 1-7 White Howse Press Secretary, “Statement by the President.” Ae)ei ek eee Eee . 4 Is Federal Communications Commission, “FOC Relation to Space Communication,” Public Notice4, 1627, March 14, 1961......... ® E.R. Kappel, President, American Telephone and Telegraph ! " ane 1-10 Company, to the Honorable James BE. Webb, Administrator, NASA, April 5, 1961 (with several attachments); and James b Webb. Administrator, to FR Kappel, President, — American Telephone and Telegraph Company, April 8. 196) a he) Ww Prosidlent folk Kennedy to Tlonorable Newton Minow, Chatman, Federal Communications Comminion, May 1, (0b... TD hiv Hen bk Waple, Acti Secretary, Federal Communications Commision, “An biquiry Tite the Adminitrative and Regulatory Problomes Relating tothe Authorization af Commercially Operable Space Communications Syatena: First Report,” FOC Report 61-076, 4774, Docket No. 14024, May 24, Hel ) 11 National Aeronautics and Space Connell, “Communication Satellites,fu”l y ta, 1004 = | + bia hwnel Geller, Chairman, Gommitive on the pudiciiy, Hote of Representatives, efal, tothe President, August 24, 1401 “7 his Frederick G, Dutton, Assistant to the President, Menmoradun tor the President, November 19, 100) 0 ee ees 71 aS Somaton Roberts. Kerr, “Amendment to the National Aeronautics and Space Act ot 1954, Space Communications,” November 28, 1001, B.C. Welsh, Executive Secretary, National Aeronautics and Space Council, Executive Office of the President, Memorandum to the President, April 11, 1962; and “Communications Satellite Act of 1062," Public Law 874024, 76 Stat, 419, sygned by the President on AugstS E, POR, ETERENT (AN) EEE oun Kelward A. Bolster, Department of State, to Mr Jolson, Memorandum, “Space Com: unication,” May 4, 1962; with attached: “Role of the Department of State in Space Communication i we ee ce eAPE EN EEE ERERER EEE . WS Project Telstar, “Preliminary Report, Telstar 1, theta 12,” Bell Telephone Laboratories, Ine. WOR cece RY be2t Memorandum trom |.D. O'Connell, Special Assistant to the President for Telecommunications and Director of the Office of Telecommunt cations Management, to the Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense, Secretary of Commerce, Administrator, National Aeronautics and Space Administranon, and Chairman, Federal Communications Commission, “Policy Concerning US. Assistance in the Development of Foreign Communications Satellite Capabilities,” September 17, 1965, with attached: National Security Action Memorandum 338... “1 1-22 National Security Action Memorandum No. 442, “U.S. Assistance in the Early Establishment of Communications Satellite Service for LeseDeveloped Nations,” March 4, 1M, bls David truce, EOS An baesedor to the Cited Reagedom, to the Secrets at State, “Tranater of 1S, Communications Satellite Technology.” Telogiaphic Mewage, Newernber 0, ltt Mh 4 Memoranda from p.D. O'Connell for the Prestdent, February 8, 1007, with vttached: “A Global System of Satethin Communications: The Thivards Ahead,” Pebruary 1007 ") 12" Leonid Th Marks, \nibassador, Chairman, “Report of the United States Delegation tothe Plenipotentiary Conference on Definitive Arrangements tor the Tite national Lelecomumiunications Satetlite Consort (Pit Session), Washington, D.0., Relrnary 24 March 2b. P60 April bo, 1080... hes | | et “Second Report and Order in the Matter of Establishment of Domestic Communit ationsSatellite Facilities ly NomGovernimental Patities,” Docket No, 1405, fume 16, 1072... 127 George Mo Low, Deputy Administrator, NASA, “Peronal Notes,” December 24 1072. petee es | , 1-26 Caommittce on Satellite Communications, Space Apphaations Baur, Assembly of brginecring, National Research CGouneil, “Peder Research and Development tor Satellite Communications” 1977. a John | Madison, Legishitive Affairs Specialist, NASA, Memorandum fon the Record, “Advanced Communications Lees ess Satellite (ACTS) program meeting, October IS TORR, ow) William Schneider, Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance. Science, and Technology, and David |. Markey, Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information, “A White Paper on New tnternational Satedlite Systems,” Senior Interagency Group on biternationsl Communication and Information Policy, gk iyrs? freer Chapter Two Essay: “Observing the Earth From Space,” by Pamela E. Mack eee eeeeeveeeeeeeeeeeeee eee Documents Wt Dy, Harry Wexler, “Observing the Weather from a Satellin Vehicle.” Journal of the British Interplanetary Sorts 7 (September 1951): 2602276, SM. Greenfield aid WOW. Rellog, “Tnquiry tite the Peasibility of Weather Reconmaisance trom a Satellite Vehiele,” The RAND Corporation, Ret65, Aug 1000, pp. vew be Mba. Ms Haugh i. Devden, for T Keith Glennan, NASA, and Roy W, Joliwen, Departnont al Defense, “Agreement Beiween the Department of Defense and the National Aeronautics and Space Administiation Reyording the TIROS Meteorological Satellite Project Apel hs, base vos U.S. Department of Commerce, Weather Bureau, “National Phan ton 4 Gommion Svetem of Meteorological Satellites,” Technical Planning Study Noo 4, Preliminary Dealt, October 1960, pp, bet. 204 We Hagh b. Diveen, Deputy Administrator, hor fumes b. Webb, Administrator, NASA, and Luther HL. Hodges, Secretary of Commerce, “Basic Agreement Between US. Department of Commerce and the National Aeronautios and Space Administration Conceoning Operational Meteorological Satellite Systenis,” JarsMOi, aOrHy , were cure rt te eal We) Robot Mo White, Administrator Environmental Science Services Administration, National Bnavironmental Satellite Genter, US. Department of Commerce, to Dr Homer Bb. Newell, Associate Adininistiator for Space Science and nuceea tions, NASA, Avygust 15, 1966. Tivintt. Ti tk Aes Vai a8 Pal 1-7 ancl 18 George b. Brown, Ji, Chairman, Committer on Science, Space, and Technology, US. House of Representatives, to D. James Baker. Acting Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, 00S, Department of Commerce, February 22, 190%) and fim Exon, Chairman, Subcommittee on Nuckear Deterrence, Arms Control and Defense litelligence, US. Senate, to Ron Brown, Secretary of Commerce, . 21s vine 2. 10s ‘ => pe eC Cee Cer ere eee ee eR ere Cee eee ee tee 8 es 8 8 8 6 > We National Performance Review, Depart nent of Commerce, : “Pstublish a Single Civilian Operational bavironmental Pola Satellite Program,” September VO TINH cn, Presidential Decision Directive NSTC-2, The White House. “Convergence of COS. Polanorbiting Operational Ravironmental Sametilte Gyatennn,” Wiy H, FG cece ees . 221 etl ane 1D. James Baker, Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, ity U.S. Department of Commerce, to Jolin Morgan, Director, EUMETSAT, May 6, 1994; and D. James Baker, Under Secretar fon Occuns and Atmosphere, COS. Department of Commerce, to Jean Marie Laton, Director BRaropean Space Agency, May 6, 1 , 34