Nanofluids: Mathematical, Numerical, and Experimental Analysis

368 Pages·2020·15.717 MB·English

by  Mohammad Hatami, Dengwei Jing

NANOFLUIDS
NANOFLUIDS
Mathematical, Numerical, and
Experimental Analysis
M H
OHAMMAD ATAMI
EsfarayenUniversityofTechnology,Esfarayen,NorthKhorasan,Iran
D J
ENGWEI ING
Xi’anJiaotongUniversity,Xi’an,P.R.China
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Dedicated to:
(cid:129) My doctoral supervisor, Professor Liejin Guo, who always supported
me for learning new knowledge anddoing scientificresearches
(Dengwei Jing)
(cid:129) My dear wife, who consumed her time andhelped me during the
book preparing (Mohammad Hatami)

Contents
Preface ix
1. Introduction to nanofluids 1
1.1 Historyofnanofluids 1
1.2 Structuresanddifferenttypes 3
1.3 Nanofluidproperties 18
1.4 Benefitsandapplications 25
1.5 Otherforcesonnanoparticlesinbasefluid 33
References 48
2. Mathematical analysis of nanofluids 51
2.1 Mathematicalmodelingofnanofluidsproperties 51
2.2 Weightedresidualmethodfornanofluidmodeling 52
2.3 Differentialtransformationmethodfornanofluidmodeling 70
2.4 Otheranalytical/mathematicalmodeling 91
References 111
3. Numerical analysis of nanofluids 113
3.1 Finiteelementmethodinnanofluid 113
3.2 Finitevolumemethodinnanofluid 129
3.3 Lattice-Boltzmannmethodinnanofluid 138
3.4 Finitedifferencemethodinnanofluid 148
3.5 Runge(cid:1)Kutta(cid:1)Fehlbergnumericalmethod 153
References 169
4. Experimental analysis of nanofluids 171
4.1 Brownianmotionofnonsphericalparticle 171
4.2 Differentpropertiesofnanofluids 180
4.3 Opticalpropertiesofnanofluids 190
4.4 Experimentalcorrelationsofnanofluidproperties 199
4.5 Experimentalapplicationofnanofluids 206
References 219
Furtherreading 221
vii
viii
Contents
5. Nanofluid analysis in different media 223
5.1 Nanofluidsinporousmedia 223
5.2 Nanofluidsinmagneticfield(magnetohydrodynamics(cid:1)ferrofluid) 240
5.3 Nanofluidsunderthermalradiation 258
References 279
Furtherreading 281
6. Nanofluid analysis in different applications 283
6.1 Nanofluidsforcoolingandheating 283
6.2 Nanofluidsinnuclearengineering 295
6.3 Nanofluidsinrenewableenergies 306
6.4 Nanofluidinindustry 317
6.5 Nanofluidanalysisinotherapplications 329
References 346
Index 349
Preface
Learnthescienceandknowledge,whichattheShah(God)’spresence
Anyone who has not politeness (knowledge), is not deserved for conversation!
(cid:1)Hafez,PersianPoet(1315(cid:1)90)
Nanofluids are formed by dispersing metal or metallic oxide nano-
particles into selected base fluids. Since nanofluids have two different
phases (solid and liquid phases), their thermophysical properties are
completely different from the each separated phases. The useful proper-
ties of nanofluids have motivated a large number of researchers to
study them in a variety of environments such as in industrial engineer-
ing processes, oil and gas industries, automobile manufacturing pro-
cesses, nuclear engineering models, chemical engineering processes,
renewable energies such as solar collectors, etc. While there are several
books available on the field of nanofluids some of them are numerical
studies and some are just experimental research. With the aim of pro-
viding a comprehensive text that includes mathematical, numerical, and
experimental studies in the field of nanofluids and to fill the gap in the
available texts this book came to be.
This reference is based on my experience in mathematical and
numerical modeling of nanofluids, along with the valuable experience
of Professor Dengwei Jing in experimental studies in this area. Of bene-
fit to engineers, researchers, and graduate students who want to
develop their knowledge of basic and applicable phenomena of nano-
fluids, this resource is a tool that can be used by professionals at all
levels. In Chapters 1(cid:1)3, the mathematical and numerical modeling of
nanofluids along with their preparation and properties are covered. In
Chapters 4(cid:1)6, application of nanofluids in different case studies is pre-
sented and several examples of recently published papers from high-
quality journals are introducedto illuminatethesubject.
We welcome reader comments and suggestions on the contents of this
book and hope it will be beneficial to them. Finally, we would like to
expressoursincerethankstothestaffatElsevierfortheirhelpfulsupport.
Mohammad Hatami
Department of Mechanical Engineering,Esfarayen University of Technology
(EUT),Esfarayen, Iran
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