Nanobiosensors What is a biosensor, anyway? Muhammad A. Alam PDF
Preview Nanobiosensors What is a biosensor, anyway? Muhammad A. Alam
Principles of Electronic Nanobiosensors Unit 1: Introduction to Nanobiosensors Lecture 1.1: What are Nanobiosensors, Anyway? By Muhammad A. Alam Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University [email protected] A. Shakouri nanoHUB-U Fall 2013 11 Outline • Sensors, biosensors, nanobiosensors • Why do we need super-sensitive biosensors • A short history of nanobiosensors • So many sensors –Principles of organization • Conclusions Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 2 Sensors and Science Radio telescope Cold Infrared Heat Red 16Hz- Physical Contact Violet 28kHz Pain Ultra-violet Camphor Salt Musk Sour Bio-chemical Flowers Sweet Sensor Mint Bitter 50e6@ Ether Umami 2.5cm2 Acrid 10k@30cm2 Putrid Electron microscope ~3 mm2. Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 3 Biosensors are everywhere … but these are not nanobiosensors! Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 4 Why nano-biosensors: low concentrations fM mM NIEHS-NIH website. Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 5 The Need for High Sensitivity: System Biology & Personalized Circuit Diagram Protein/Gene network for Yeast Heath, Nanosystem biology, 2003. www.cs.helsinki.fi 6 Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 Alam’s Recent Blood Test • Sodium 139 mM/L • Potassium 4.3 mM/L • Chloride 103 mM/L • CO2 24 mM/L • Glucose 89 mg/dL • Creatinine 17 mg/dL • pH 7.5 • WBC 9.2 k/cumm • RBC 4.3 million/cumm Most concentrations are in mM/L . Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 7 Micro, pico, femto Molar ?! 1M = 6x1023 molecules/liter ~ 1x1015/(100 um)3 box 1 uM ~ 1 billion 1 pM ~ 1000 1 fM ~ 1 Single grain of salt in several Olympic-sized swimming pools! Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 8 Why nanobiosensors: Biomolecules are small Water Antibody Bacteria A Period Glucose Virus Cancer Cell Tennis Ball They have different mass, charge, and electron affinity Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 9 A short history of nanobiosensors Virus/bacteria Protein/DNA PCR pH-meter Glucose Genome sequencers Vacuum MOSFET IC tube Alam, Principles of Nanobisoensors, 2013 10 10
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