Musculoskeletal Injections and Alternative Options: A practical guide to 'what, when and how?' PDF
Preview Musculoskeletal Injections and Alternative Options: A practical guide to 'what, when and how?'
Musculoskeletal Injections and Alternative Options A practical guide to ‘what, when, and how?’ Musculoskeletal Injections and Alternative Options A practical guide to ‘what, when, and how?’ Edited by Maneesh Bhatia Consultant Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgeon University Hospitals of Leicester, UK Video Editor Kethesparan Paramesparan CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2019 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8153-5557-1 (Hardback) 978-0-8153-5554-0 (Paperback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. 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The reader is strongly urged to consult the drug companies’ printed instructions, and their websites, before administering any of the drugs recommended in this book. This book does not indicate whether a particular treatment is appropriate or suitable for a particular individual. Ulti- mately it is the sole responsibility of the medical professional to make his or her own professional judgements, so as to advise and treat patients appropriately. The authors and publishers have also attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permis- sion to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. 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Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bhatia, Maneesh, editor. Title: Musculoskeletal injections and alternative options : a practical guide to ‘what, when and how?’ / [edited by] Maneesh Bhatia. Description: Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2019] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2018060148| ISBN 9780815355540 (paperback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780815355571 (hardback : alk. paper) Subjects: | MESH: Musculoskeletal Pain--drug therapy | Injections--methods | Nerve Block--methods | Treatment Outcome Classification: LCC RM170 | NLM WE 140 | DDC 615/.6--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018060148 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com I would like to dedicate this book to my dearest wife, Sulaxni, and my adorable kids, Yash and Juhi, for their endless love and support. Contents List of videos xiii e-Resources xv Foreword by Nicola Maffulli xvii Foreword by Bill Ribbans xix Review and endorsements xxi Editor xxiii Editor’s Note xxv Contributors xxvii 1 Musculoskeletal injections in general 1 Devendra Mahadevan and Euan Stirling Introduction 1 What are corticosteroids? 1 How do steroid injections work? 2 What are the indications and contraindications of corticosteroid injections? 2 What is the evidence for the use of corticosteroid injections for musculoskeletal pain? 4 What are examples of injectable corticosteroid agents? 7 How do you select an appropriate corticosteroid preparation for a specific joint or soft tissue injection? 8 Should corticosteroids be combined with local anaesthetics when giving injections? 8 Which local anaesthetic agents are appropriate to use with corticosteroid? 9 What equipment is needed for corticosteroid injection? 9 Which joints can be injected without image guidance? 11 How often can you inject a joint? 12 Should corticosteroids be used around tendons? 13 vii viii Contents Do all patients respond to corticosteroid injections? 13 What are the potential side effects and complications of corticosteroid injections? 14 What adjuncts are available for steroid injection? 15 What are the alternatives to steroid injection? 16 References 18 2 Shoulder and elbow injections 23 Helen Tunnicliffe and Harvinder Pal Singh Introduction 23 How to differentiate shoulder pain? 24 What is the role of physiotherapy in shoulder disorders? 25 What is the role of steroid injections for shoulder disorders? 26 Osteoarthritis 27 Impingement/subacromial bursitis/tendinopathy 27 Frozen shoulder/joint stiffness 30 Degenerative rotator cuff tears 30 Calcific tendinitis 31 Diagnostic injection 31 What are the contraindications for injection of the shoulder? 32 What are the risks? 33 Which drugs to use? 33 How to inject the glenohumeral joint? 34 Anterior approach to the glenohumeral joint? 36 How to inject the acromioclavicular joint? 37 How to inject the subacromial space? 38 How to inject the elbow joint? 40 How to inject for tennis elbow? 40 How to inject for golfer’s elbow? 42 References 44 3 Hand and wrist injections 47 Sunil Garg Introduction 47 Carpal tunnel syndrome 47 De Quervain’s tenosynovitis 52 First carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis 54 Contents ix Trigger finger 57 References 60 4 Hip and knee injections 63 Ashwin Kulkarni and Kimberly Lammin Introduction 63 Injections around the hip joint 63 What are the indications and contraindications for lateral soft tissue hip injection? 65 How to prepare and what is the technique for GTPS injection? 66 What are the injection contents? 68 What is the efficacy of injections for GTPS? 69 What are the treatment options for GTPS? 69 Intra-articular hip injections: Introduction 70 What are the indications and contraindications for intra-articular hip injections in adults? 71 Preparation and technique for intra-articular hip injection (in adults) 72 What is the efficacy of hip injections? 74 Injections around the knee joint: Introduction 74 What are the indications and contraindications for intra-articular knee joint injection? 75 Preparations and technique for knee injection 76 Suprapatellar approach 77 Approaches adjacent to the patellar tendon 78 What are the knee injection contents? 80 What is the efficacy of knee injections? 80 What are various treatment options for osteoarthritis of the knee? 80 What are the potential complications and risks of all injections around and into the hip and knee? 81 References 83 5 Foot and ankle injections 85 Bobby Mobbassar Siddiqui, Annette Jones, and Maneesh Bhatia Introduction 85 What are the important anatomical considerations? 86 What are the techniques of injection? 90
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