Multimedia Technologies' Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language Learners PDF
Preview Multimedia Technologies' Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language Learners
Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2016 Multimedia Technologies' Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language Learners Larissa Karina Parrilla Walden University Follow this and additional works at:https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of theBilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education Commons,Elementary and Middle and Secondary Education Administration Commons,Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, and theInstructional Media Design Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please [email protected]. Walden University College of Education This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Larissa Parrilla has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Leslie Moller, Committee Chairperson, Education Faculty Dr. Wade Smith, Committee Member, Education Faculty Dr. Gerald Giraud, University Reviewer, Education Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2016 Abstract Multimedia Technologies’ Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language Learners by Larissa Parrilla MPh, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, 1999 BS, University of Puerto Rico, 1998 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Educational Technology Walden University August 2016 Abstract English as a Second Language (ESL) learners at the upper elementary level have struggled to demonstrate the vocabulary required to read in English at grade-level. Although multimedia technologies have demonstrated positive effects as language acquisition educational tools at the university level, it remains unclear how useful they are for language acquisition at the elementary level. This quasi-experimental study used dual coding theory as a framework to examine the relationship between the level of reading comprehension upper elementary students developed and their construction of word meanings through use of multimedia technologies. The study utilized convenience sampling of 85 students divided into treatment and control groups in a Puerto Rican Montessori school. The treatment consisted of use of multimedia technologies that included video, audio, images, and words in a digital environment for vocabulary acquisition instruction. Data sources included pretest and posttest results for the Maze Close test that measures reading comprehension. These results were analyzed using a paired t test. Results indicated that students in treatment groups developed greater reading comprehension than did those in control groups. However, the difference in scores between the groups was not significant, so the null hypothesis was not rejected. Further research is required in order to determine whether a positive relationship can exist between multimedia technology usage and development of upper elementary student vocabulary and reading comprehension. This study indicates the importance of examining whether multimedia technology use in elementary student English reading comprehension can create reading gains for upper elementary ESL students. Multimedia Technologies’ Influence on Language Acquisition in English Language by Larissa Parrilla MPh, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Science Campus, 1999 BS, University of Puerto Rico, 1998 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Educational Technology Walden University August 2016 Dedication This work is dedicated to my family. To my father, who always encouraged me to keep going and passed away while I was on the journey to this dissertation. To my mother, who supported me in completing this work. To my 15-year old daughter, who had to wait many times for me to answer her because I was writing or conducting research for my dissertation. Without your support and encouragement, I could not have accomplished my dissertation. Thank you for all you have done. Acknowledgments I would like to express the deepest appreciation to my readers, editors, and friends, Dr. Marta Suarez and Cristina Molina. Without your patience and kindness, I would have lost confidence in accomplishing my dissertation. I would like to thank my committee chair, Dr. Leslie Moller, for his constant guidance, patience, and support. I would like to thank Dr. Wade Smith for his help with my methodology. Table of Contents List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1: Introduction to the Study ................................................................................... 1 Background ................................................................................................................... 2 Problem Statement ........................................................................................................ 5 Purpose of the Study ..................................................................................................... 6 Research Questions and Hypotheses ............................................................................ 6 Theoretical Foundation ................................................................................................. 7 Nature of the Study ..................................................................................................... 10 Definitions ................................................................................................................... 10 Assumptions ................................................................................................................ 12 Scope and Delimitation ............................................................................................... 12 Limitation .................................................................................................................... 13 Significance ................................................................................................................. 14 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 15 Chapter 2: Literature Review ............................................................................................ 17 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 17 Literature Search Strategy ........................................................................................... 19 Theoretical Foundation ............................................................................................... 19 Montessori Philosophy and Pedagogy .................................................................. 19 Dual Coding theory ............................................................................................... 23 Literacy Versus Reading ....................................................................................... 27 i English as a Second Language (ESL) Learners and Reading Development ........ 27 Vocabulary Instruction .......................................................................................... 38 Multimedia Learning ............................................................................................ 48 Current Study .............................................................................................................. 61 Chapter 3: Research Method ............................................................................................. 62 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 62 Research Design and Approach .................................................................................. 62 Population ................................................................................................................... 63 Sampling and Sampling Procedure ............................................................................. 64 Intervention ................................................................................................................. 66 Instrumentation and Materials .................................................................................... 66 Reading Comprehension Tests ............................................................................. 67 Demographic Information ..................................................................................... 69 Definition of Operational Measures ............................................................................ 69 Data Collection and Analysis ...................................................................................... 70 Protection of Human Participants ............................................................................... 71 Chapter 4: Results ............................................................................................................. 73 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 73 Purpose and Problem .................................................................................................. 73 Research Questions ..................................................................................................... 73 Data Screening and Preparation .................................................................................. 74 Intervention Fidelity .................................................................................................... 75 ii Study Results .............................................................................................................. 76 Beginner ELL Sample ........................................................................................... 76 Intermediate ELL Sample ..................................................................................... 78 Advanced ELL Sample ......................................................................................... 81 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 83 Chapter 5: Discussion, Conclusions, and Recommendations ........................................... 84 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 84 Purpose and Nature of the Study .......................................................................... 84 Summary of Key Findings From the Study .......................................................... 85 Interpretation of the Findings ...................................................................................... 88 Findings and the Literature ................................................................................... 88 Analysis and Interpretation of Findings ................................................................ 89 Limitations of the Study .............................................................................................. 92 Implications ................................................................................................................. 93 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 94 Recommendations ....................................................................................................... 94 References ......................................................................................................................... 96 Appendix A: IRB Approval Number .............................................................................. 108 iii
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