Table Of ContentMultimedia Technologies:
Concepts, Methodologies,
Tools, and Applications
Syed Mahbubur Rahman
Minnesota State University, Mankato, USA
Volume I
InformatIon ScIence reference
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Multimedia technologies : concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications / Syed Mahbubur Rahman, editor.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Summary: "This book offers an in-depth explanation of multimedia technologies within their many specific application areas as well as
presenting developing trends for the future"--Provided by publisher.
ISBN 978-1-59904-953-3 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-59904-954-0 (ebook)
1. Multimedia systems. 2. Multimedia communications. I. Syed, Mahbubur Rahman, 1952-
QA76.575.M5218 2008
006.7--dc22
2008021157
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Editor-in-Chief
Mehdi Khosrow-Pour, DBA
Editor-in-Chief
Contemporary Research in Information Science and Technology, Book Series
Associate Editors
Steve Clarke
University of Hull, UK
Murray E. Jennex
San Diego State University, USA
Annie Becker
Florida Institute of Technology USA
Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko
University of Tampere, Finland
Editorial Advisory Board
Sherif Kamel
American University in Cairo, Egypt
In Lee
Western Illinois University, USA
Jerzy Kisielnicki
Warsaw University, Poland
Keng Siau
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA
Amar Gupta
Arizona University, USA
Craig van Slyke
University of Central Florida, USA
John Wang
Montclair State University, USA
Vishanth Weerakkody
Brunel University, UK
Additional Research Collections found in the
“Contemporary Research in Information Science and Technology”
Book Series
Data Mining and Warehousing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
John Wang, Montclair University, USA • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-951-9
Electronic Commerce: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
S. Ann Becker, Florida Institute of Technology, USA • 4-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-943-4
Electronic Government: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko, University of Tampere, Finland • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-947-2
End-User Computing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Steve Clarke, University of Hull, UK • 4-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-945-8
Global Information Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Felix Tan, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-939-7
Information Communication Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Craig Van Slyke, University of Central Florida, USA • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-949-6
Information Security and Ethics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Hamid Nemati, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-937-3
Intelligent Information Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Vijayan Sugumaran, Oakland University, USA • 4-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-941-0
Knowledge Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Murray E. Jennex, San Diego State University, USA • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-933-5
Multimedia Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Syad Mahbubur Rahman, Minnesota State University, USA • 3-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-953-3
Online and Distance Learning: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Lawrence Tomei, Robert Morris University, USA • 6-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-935-9
Virtual Technologies: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications
Jerzy Kisielnicki, Warsaw University, Poland • 3-volume set • ISBN 978-1-59904-955-7
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List of Contributors
Acevedo, Andrés Garay / Georgetown University, USA ..................................................................731
Agnew, Palmer W. / State University of New York at Binghamton, USA ..............................................1
Ahmad, Ashraf / National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan ..............................................................634
Ahn, Kyungmo / Kyunghee University, Korea ..................................................................................164
Alkhalifa, Eshaa M. / University of Bahrain, Bahrain ...........................................................465, 1209
Ally, Mohamed / Athabasca University, Canada ..............................................................................607
Almeida, Hyggo / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil ...........................................472, 654
Altman, Edward / Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore .....................................................1113
Andres, Hayward P. / Portland State University, USA ...................................................................1233
Angelides, Marios C. / Brunel University, UK ............................................................................85, 233
Aref, Walid / Purdue University, USA ...............................................................................................509
Arya, Ali / University of British Columbia, Canada ..........................................................................958
Atiquzzaman, Mohammed / University of Oklahoma, USA ............................................................615
Baek, Seung / Hanyang University, Korea ......................................................................................1377
Balram, Shivanand / Simon Fraser University, Canada ................................................................1193
Banerji, Ashok / Monisha Electronic Education Trust, India .........................................................1078
Bardají, Antonio Valdovinos / University of Zaragoza, Spain .........................................................478
Bellini, Pierfrancesco / University of Florence, Italy ......................................................................1683
Bertolotto, Michela / University College Dublin, Ireland ..............................................................1125
Bione, Heather / The University of Melbourne, Australia.................................................................398
Boll, Susanne / University of Oldenburg, Germany ..........................................................................325
Bouras, Christos / University of Patras, Greece and Research Academic
Computer Technology Institute, Greece ....................................................................................500, 1781
Breiteneder, Christian / Vienna University of Technology, Austria ...............................................1600
Butcher-Powell, Loreen Marie / Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, USA ..........................1069
Canalda, Philippe / University of Franche-Comté, France ............................................................1766
Cannell, Jeremy C. / Gannon University, USA ...............................................................................1105
Carvalho, Paulo / Universidade do Minho Braga, Portugal ..........................................................1409
Cavallaro, Andrea / Queen Mary University of London, UK ...............................................1441, 1592
Charlet, Damien / INRIA-Rocquencourt (ARLES Project), France ................................................1766
Chatonnay, Pascal / University of Franche-Comté, France ...........................................................1766
Chen, Herng-Yow / National Chi-Nan University, Taiwan, ROC .........................................1058, 1174
Chen, Kuanchin / Western Michigan University, USA .......................................................................77
Chen, Minya / Polytechnic University, USA .....................................................................................291
Chen, Sherry Y. / Brunel University, UK ........................................................................................1476
Chen, Shu-Ching / Florida International University, USA.....................................................509, 1553
Chetan, Kumar S. / NetDevices India Pvt Ltd, India ......................................................................1399
Chung, Jen-Yao / IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, USA ...............................................................559
Cirrincione, Armando / SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy .................................................35
Connaughton, Stacey L. / Purdue University, USA ........................................................................1295
Cranley, Nicola / University College Dublin, Ireland .....................................................................1491
Cruz, Isabel F. / University of Illinois, Chicago, USA ......................................................................848
Curran, Kevin / University of Ulster, Ireland ...................................................................................590
Dagdilelis, Vassilios / University of Macedonia, Greece ...................................................................898
Dagiuklas, Tasos / Technical Institute of Messolonghi, Greece ........................................................827
Davis, Craig / The Learning Community Group, USA ....................................................................1286
de Gouveia, Fabricio Carvalho / Technical University of Berlin, Germany ..................................1789
Deb, Sagarmay / University of Southern Queensland, Australia ......................................................268
Deltour, Romain / INRIA Rhône-Alpes, France ................................................................................705
Derballa, Volker / Universität Augsburg, Germany ........................................................................1334
Deusdado, Sérgio / Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal ...................................................1409
DiMarco, John / Long Island University, USA....................................................................................41
Dittmann, Jana / Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany ..........................................547
Dong, Chaoyan / New York University, USA ...................................................................................1248
Dong, Ming / Wayne State University, USA .....................................................................................1366
Dooley, Laurence S. / Monash University, Australia ..........................................................................94
Dragicevic, Suzana / Simon Fraser University, Canada .................................................................1193
El-Gayar, Omar / Dakota State University, USA................................................................................77
Fah, Cheong Loong / The National University of Singapore, Singapore .........................................527
Fahy, Patrick J. / Athabasca University, Canada ...........................................................................1088
Fotouhi, Farshad / Wayne State University, USA ...........................................................................1366
Gay, Robert / Nanyang Technological University, Singapore ..........................................................809
Geisler, S. / University of Clausthal, Germany ..................................................................................223
Germanakos, Panagiotis / National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece ......................1616
Ghafoor, Arif / Purdue University, USA ...........................................................................................509
Ghinea, Gheorghita / Brunel University, UK .................................................................................1476
Gjedde, Lisa / Danish University of Education, Denmark ................................................................390
Gkamas, Apostolos / University of Patras, Greece and Research Academic
Computer Technology Institute, Greece ....................................................................................500, 1781
Goose, Stuart / Siemens Corporate Research Inc., USA ...................................................................250
Grahn, Kaj J. / Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Finland .....................................................660
Grover, Akshay / Brigham Young University, USA ........................................................................1344
Gu, Yaolin / Southern Yangtze University, China ..............................................................................809
Guerraz, Agnès / INRIA Rhône-Alpes, France .................................................................................705
Gulliver, Stephen R. / Brunel University, UK ................................................................................1262
Gunn, Jane / The University of Melbourne, Australia ......................................................................398
Häkkilä, Jonna / Nokia Multimedia, Finland....................................................................................151
Hamidzadeh, Babak / University of British Columbia, Canada ......................................................958
Hegarty, Kelsey / The University of Melbourne, Australia ...............................................................398
Hentea, Mariana / Southwestern Oklahoma State University, USA .................................................216
Herbster, Raul Fernandes / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil ..................................472
Hill, Sally Rao / University of Adelaide, Australia ............................................................................194
Huang, Thomas S. / University of Illinois, USA .............................................................................1508
Hung, Jason C. / Northern Taiwan Institute of Science and Technology, Taiwan...........................1643
Hurson, Ali R. / The Pennsylvania State University, USA ................................................................580
Hüsemann, Bodo / Informationsfabrik GmbH, Münster, Germany ..................................................864
Ibrahim, Ismail Khalil / Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.................................................634
Iglesias, Álvaro Alesanco / University of Zaragoza, Spain ...............................................................478
Illera, José L. Rodríguez / University of Barcelona, Spain ..............................................................985
Istepanian, Robert S. H. / Kingston University, UK ........................................................................478
Jones, Kevin H. / University of Oregon, USA ...................................................................................721
Joshi, James B. D. / University of Pittsburgh, USA ..........................................................................509
Kalliaras, Panagiotis / National Technical University of Athens, Greece ................................818, 998
Kan, Karen / The University of Melbourne, Australia ......................................................................398
Kao, O. / University of Paderborn, University of Paderborn ............................................................223
Karlsson, Jonny / Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Finland .................................................660
Karmakar, Gour C. / Monash University, Australia ..........................................................................94
Kassim, Ashraf / The National University of Singapore, Singapore .................................................527
Kawachi, Paul / Kurume Shin-Ai Women’s College, Japan ............................................................1156
Kellerman, Anne S. / State University of New York at Binghamton, USA ............................................1
Keppell, Mike / Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong ......................................................398
Kerse, Ngaire / University of Auckland, New Zealand ......................................................................398
Kim, Bong Jun / Korea Telecommunications (KT) Marketing Laboratory, Korea .........................1377
King, Ross / Research Studio Digital Memory Engineering, Austria ..............................................1749
Kiyoki, Yasushi / Keio University, Japan ..........................................................................................279
Klas, Wolfgang / University of Vienna, Austria and ARC Research Studio
Digital Memory Engineering, Vienna, Austria .........................................................................364, 1749
Knight, David / Brunel University, UK ...............................................................................................85
Kotsopoulos, Stavros / University of Patras, Greece ........................................................................827
Koubaa, Hend / Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Norway .....................116
Koumaras, H. / University of Athens, Greece .................................................................................1392
Kourtis, A. / N.C.S.R., Demokritos, Greece .....................................................................................1392
Krishnamurthy, E.V. / Australian National University, Australia ...................................................976
Larkin, Jeff / Brigham Young University, USA ...............................................................................1344
Lassabe, Frédéric / University of Franche-Comté, France ............................................................1766
Ledermann, Florian / Vienna University of Technology, Austria ...................................................1600
Lesh, Neal / Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, USA ........................................................1508
Li, Chang-Tsun / University of Warwick, UK .................................................................316, 793, 1534
Li, Qing / City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong .............................................................242, 1643
Li, Sheng-Tun / National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, ROC .....................................................419
Lin, Chu-Hung / National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan ..............................................................419
Lin, Chun Fu / Mississippi State University, USA ..........................................................................1668
Lin, Hao-Tung / National Chi-Nan University, Taiwan, ROC ........................................................1174
Liotta, Antonio / University of Essex, UK .........................................................................................491
Liu, Jiang-Lung / National Defense University, Taiwan ................................................................1534
Liu, Kuo-Yu / National Chi-Nan University, Taiwan, ROC ............................................................1058
Lopes, Pedro Faria / Higher Institute of Labour and Business Studies
(ISCTE), Portugal ...............................................................................................................................914
Lou, Der-Chyuan / National Defense University, Taiwan ..............................................................1534
Lowry, Paul Benjamin / Brigham Young University, USA .............................................................1344
Madsen, Chris / Brigham Young University, USA ..........................................................................1344
Magalhães, João / Imperial College London, UK .............................................................................880
Magedanz, Thomas / Technical University of Berlin, Germany .....................................................1789
Magni, Massimo / Bocconi University, Italy ...................................................................................1353
Mäntyjärvi, Jani / VTT Technical Centre of Finland, Finland .........................................................151
Martakos, D. / University of Athens, Greece ...................................................................................1392
Mas, José Ruiz / University of Zaragoza, Spain ................................................................................478
Mathew, Michael / Monash University, Australia ..............................................................................94
May, Michael / LearningLab DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark ............................435
McArdle, Gavin / University College Dublin, Ireland ....................................................................1125
Melliar-Smith, P.M. / University of California, Santa Barbara, USA ............................................1326
Memon, Nasir / Polytechnic University, USA ...................................................................................291
Messer, Louise Brearley / The University of Melbourne, Australia .................................................398
Mikáč, Jan / INRIA Rhône-Alpes, France .........................................................................................705
Mishra, Sanjaya / Indira Gandhi National Open University, India ...............................................1022
Mitchell, Mathew / University of San Francisco, USA ...................................................................1181
Mittal, Ankush / IIT Roorkee, India and Indian Institute of Technology, India .....................527, 1113
Mittal, Nitin / Nokia Pte Ltd, Singapore ............................................................................................129
Moghaddam, Baback / Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, USA .....................................1508
Monahan, Teresa / University College Dublin, Ireland ..................................................................1125
Morais, Marcos / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil ...................................................472
Moros, José García / University of Zaragoza, Spain ........................................................................478
Moser, L.E. / University of California, Santa Barbara, USA ..........................................................1326
Mostéfaoui, Ghita Kouadri / University of Fribourg, Switzerland ................................................1008
Mourlas, Constantinos / National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece .........................1616
Murphy, Liam / University College Dublin, Ireland ......................................................................1491
Murthy, V. K. / University of New South Wales, Australia ...............................................................976
Nascimento, José Luís do / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil ...................................654
Navajas, Julián Fernández / University of Zaragoza, Spain............................................................478
Navarro, Eduardo Antonio Viruete / University of Zaragoza, Spain .............................................478
Nepal, Surya / CSIRO ICT Centre, Australia ..........................................................................305, 1456
Nesi, Paolo / University of Florence, Italy ...............................................................................................
Ng, Kia / University of Leeds, UK ............................................................................................................
Nösekabel, Holger / University of Passau, Germany ......................................................................1317
O’Connor, Vivienne / The University of Queensland, Australia ......................................................398
Okazaki, Shintaro / Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain ......................................................1311
Oliva, Michael / Royal College of Music, UK ...................................................................................942
Oredope, Adetola / University of Essex, UK .....................................................................................491
Pagalthivarthi, Krishnan V. / IIT Delhi, India and Indian Institute of
Technology, India ......................................................................................................................527, 1113
Pagani, Margherita / I-LAB Centre for Research on the Digital Economy,
Bocconi University, Italy ....................................................................................................................182
Pallis, E. / Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Greece ....................................................1392
Panjala, Shashidhar / Gannon University, USA .............................................................................1105
Papageorgiou, P. / National Technical University of Athens, Greece ...............................................998
Parmar, Minaz J. / Brunel University, UK .......................................................................................233
Passerini, Katia / New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA ...............................................................57
Perkusich, Angelo / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil .......................................472, 654
Politis, Ilias / University of Patras, Greece ........................................................................................827
Pousttchi, Key / Universität Augsburg, Germany ...........................................................................1334
Prata, Alcina / Higher School of Management Sciences (ESCE), Portugal .....................................914
Primpas, Dimitris / University of Patras, Greece and Research Academic
ComputerTechnology Institute, Greece .....................................................................................500, 1781
Proserpio, Luigi / Bocconi University, Italy ....................................................................................1353
Pulkkis, Göran / Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Finland ...................................................660
Quek, Francis / Virginia Tech, USA ...................................................................................................559
Ramos, Carolina Hernández / University of Zaragoza, Spain ........................................................478
Ratnaike, Viranga / Monash University, Australia ...........................................................................305
Rege, Manjeet / Wayne State University, USA ................................................................................1366
Robbins, Christopher / Rhode Island School of Design, USA and
The University of the South Pacific, Fiji ...........................................................................................1031
Robins, William / Brigham Young University, USA ........................................................................1344
Röckelein, Wolfgang / EMPRISE Consulting Düseldorf, Germany ...............................................1317
Roisin, Cécile / INRIA Rhône-Alpes, France .....................................................................................705
Rowe, Neil C. / U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, USA .......................................................................10
Rüger, Stefan / Imperial College London, UK ..................................................................................880
Santos, Danilo Freire de Souza / Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil ..........................654
Sasaki, Hideyasu / Keio University, Japan .......................................................................................279
Sattar, Farook / Nanyang Technological University, Singapore ......................................................770
Sayenko, Olga / University of Illinois, Chicago, USA .......................................................................848
Scales, Glenda Rose / Virginia Tech, USA .......................................................................................1078
Schellner, Karin / ARC Research Studio Digital Memory Engineering,
Vienna, Austria ....................................................................................................................................364
Scherp, Ansgar / OFFIS Research Institute, Germany .....................................................................325
Schipani, Danilo / Valdani Vicari & Associati, Italy .........................................................................182
Schmucker, Martin / Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics
Research IGD, Germany ...................................................................................................................1707
Sharda, Nalin / Victoria University, Australia ................................................................................1422
Sharma, Ramesh C. / Indira Gandhi National Open University, India .........................................1022
Shea, Timothy / University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, USA ......................................................1286
Shen, Chia / Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, USA .......................................................1508
Sher, Muhammad / Technical University of Berlin, Germany .......................................................1789
Shih, Timothy K. / Tamkang University, Taiwan ............................................................................1643
Shim, J. P. / Mississippi State University, USA .................................................................................164
Shim, Julie M. / Soldier Design LLC, USA .......................................................................................164
Shyu, Mei-Ling / University of Miami, USA ...........................................................................509, 1553
Sircar, Ranapratap / Wipro Technologies, India ............................................................................1399
Sivagurunathan, Surendra Kumar / University of Oklahoma, USA ...............................................615
Sotiriou, Athanasios-Dimitrios / National Technical University of Athens, Greece ................818, 998
Spies, François / University of Franche-Comté, France .................................................................1766
Description:Mostéfaoui, Ghita Kouadri / University of Fribourg, Switzerland 1008. Mourlas, Constantinos / National & Kapodistrian