Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success: A Self-management Approach PDF
Preview Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success: A Self-management Approach
Motivation and Learning Strategies for College Success A Self-Management Approach Second Edition MYRON H. DEMBO GI $ MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR COLLEGE SUCCESS A Self-Management Approach GI $ GI $ MOTIVATION AND LEARNING STRATEGIES FOR COLLEGE SUCCESS A Self-Management Approach Myron H. Dembo University of Southern California LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS 2004 Mahwah, New Jersey London GI $ Senior Acquisitions Editor: Naomi Silverman Assistant Editor: Erica Kica Cover Design: Kathryn Houghtaling Lacey Textbook Production Manager: Paul Smolenski Full-Service Compositor: TechBooks Text and Cover Printer: Hamilton Printing Company Copyright © 2004 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or any other means, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers 10 Industrial Avenue Mahwah, New Jersey 07430-2262 www.erlbaum.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dembo, Myron H. Motivation and learning strategies for college success: a self-management approach / Myron H. Dembo. p. com. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-8058-4648-4 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. College student orientation. 2. Achievement motivation. 3. Learning strategies. I. Title. LB2343.3.D46 2004 378.1’98—dc22 2004000639 Books published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates are printed on acid-free paper, and their bindings are chosen for strength and durability. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 GI $ To Nancy, Debbie, and Lisa GI $ GI $ Brief Contents UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION Chapter 1 Academic Self-Management 3 Chapter 2 Understanding Learning and Memory 29 Chapter 3 Understanding Motivation 51 UNIT II: MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES Chapter 4 Goal Setting 93 Chapter 5 Management of Emotion and Effort 111 UNIT III: BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES Chapter 6 Time Management 139 Chapter 7 Management of Physical and Social Environment 165 UNIT IV: LEARNING AND STUDY STRATEGIES Chapter 8 Learning From Textbooks 189 Chapter 9 Learning From Lectures 217 Chapter 10 Preparing for Exams 237 Chapter 11 Taking Exams 255 Glossary 279 APPENDICES Appendix A A Guide for Completing a Self-Management Study 285 Appendix B Examples of Self-Management Studies 301 vii GI $ Figure and Table Credits Figure 1.1. Zimmerman, B. J., Bonner, S., & Kovich, R. (1996). Developing self- regulated learners: Beyond achievement to self-efficacy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Copyright © 1996 by the American Psychological Asso- ciation. Adapted with permission. Figure 2.2. From Bower, G. H., Clark, M. C., Lesgold, A., & Winzenz, D. (1969). Hierarchical retrieval schemas in recall of categorized word lists. Journal of Memory and Language (Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior), 8, 323–343. Reprinted with permission from Elsevier. Table 3.1. Ames, C., & Archer, J. (1988). Achievement goals in the classroom: Stu- dents’ learning strategies and motivation processes. Journal of Educational Psychol- ogy, 80, 260–267. Copyright © 1988 by the American Psychological Association. Adapted with permission. Figure 4.1. From The 10 natural laws of successful time and life management by Hyrum Smith. Copyright © 1994 by Hyrum Smith. By permission of Warner Books Inc., New York. Table 8.1. From Kiewra, K. A., & Dubois, N. F. (1998). Learning to learn. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Adapted with permission. Table 10.1. From College study skills: Becoming a strategic learner (1st ed.), by D. Van Blerkom. Copyright © 1994. Reprinted with permission of Wadsworth, a di- vision of Thomson Learning: www.thomsonrights.com, Fax 800 730–2215. viii GI $ Contents Preface xv UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS OF LEARNING AND MOTIVATION Chapter 1 Academic Self-Management 3 What Is Academic Self-Management? 4 What Is the Difference Between High School and College? 7 Why Are Some Students Less Successful Learners? 8 They Hold Faulty Beliefs About Their Ability, Learning, and Motivation 8 They Are Unaware of Their Ineffective Learning Behavior 9 They Fail to Sustain Effective Learning and Motivational Strategies 9 They Are Not Ready to Change Their Learning and Study Behavior 9 How Can I Change My Academic Behavior? 10 Motivation 10 Methods of Learning 13 Use of Time 14 Physical and Social Environment 15 Performance 16 The Six Components of Academic Self-Management 17 Exercise 1.1: Self-Observation: Assessing Your Self-Management Skills 19 How Can I Change My Behavior? 20 How Does Self-Management Occur in an Academic Context? 24 Key Points 25 Follow-up Activities 26 Chapter 2 Understanding Learning and Memory 29 What Are the Flaws in Human Memory? 30 How Does the Information-Processing System Explain Learning? 31 Short-Term Sensory Store 32 Working Memory 33 Exercise 2.1: Demonstrating the Capacity of Working Memory 34 Long-Term Memory 36 What Is the Difference Between Rote and Meaningful Learning? 38 Exercise 2.2: Understanding the Importance of Prior Knowledge 38 ix GI $
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