Modeling and Analysis of Local Area Networks

324 Pages·2017·10.56 MB·English

by  Paul J Fortier

Modeling and Analysis
of
Local Area Networks

Modeling and Analysis
of
Local Area Networks
Paul J. Fortier
George R. Desrochers
Boca Raton London New York
CRC PressC isR anC im Pprrinets osf, thIenc.
Taylor B&o Fcraanc Ris Gartoounp,, a nF ilnoforrimdaa business
First published 1990 by CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
Reissued 2018 by CRC Press
© 1990 by Multiscience Press, Inc.
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Contents
Preface(cid:9) ix
(cid:9)
1(cid:9) Introduction 1
Models 2
Model Construction 3
Tools 6
Simulation Modeling 8
Test Beds 9
Operational Analysis 10
Networking and LANs 12
The Need for Evaluation 13
Book Summary 16
(cid:9)
2(cid:9) Local Area Networks 17
Local Area Networks: Their Uses 19
Lan Technology 21
Regular Topology 26
Hybrids 28
Interface Units 28
Control Protocols 30
Contention Based 31
Reservation Based 34
Sequential Based 35
Systems Management 37
Database Manager 39
Summary 40
References 41
(cid:9)
3(cid:9) Modeling of Local Area Networks 43
Techniques 47
Summary 48
vi Modeling and Analysis of Local Area Networks
(cid:9)
4(cid:9) Probability and Statistics 49
Random Variables 55
Jointly Distributed Random Variables 55
Probability Distributions 56
Densities 58
Expectation 61
Some Example Probability Distributions 68
Summary 83
References 83
(cid:9)
5(cid:9) Simulation Analysis 85
Time Control 88
Systems and Modeling 89
Discrete Models 89
Continuous Modeling 91
Queuing Modeling 93
Combined Modeling 93
Hybrid Modeling 94
Simulation Languages 94
GASP IV 94
GPSS 98
SIMSCRIPT 103
SLAM II 103
Applications of Simulation 109
The Simulation Program 110
Summary 115
References 115
(cid:9)
6(cid:9) Queuing Theory 117
Stochastic Processes 117
Markov Processes 125
Queuing Systems 127
Networks of Queues 147
Estimating Parameters and Distributions 155
Summary 161
References 161
7(cid:9) Computational Methods for Queuing Network Solutions 163
Central Server Model 163
Mean Value Analysis 170
Operational Analysis 173
Summary 179
References 180
Contents vii
(cid:9)
8(cid:9) Hardware Test Beds 181
Derivation of Performance Evaluation Parameters 187
Network Performance Tests 190
(cid:9)
9(cid:9) LAN Analysis 195
Introduction 195
Analytical Modeling Examples 198
HXDP Model 198
Graphic Outputs 202
Token Bus Distributed System 204
Summary 215
References 217
(cid:9)
10 MALAN 219
Introduction 219
Simulating Local Area Networks 219
Computer Networks (the Model) 220
Protocols 226
Transmission Error Detection 231
Events 233
The Malan Model Structure 236
Malan Simulator Overview 237
Next Event Simulation 238
General Model Implementation 239
Model Implementation 240
Malan Interactive Simulation Interface 242
Malan Model Implementation 243
Arrival Module 245
Arbitrator Module 253
Use Module 255
The Organization of the Use Module 255
Analysis Module 261
MALAN IMPLEMENTATION 267
REFERENCES 270
Appendix A HXDP Calculations(cid:9) 285
Appendix B Token Bus Computations(cid:9) 297
References(cid:9) 305
Index(cid:9) 307

Preface
Local Area Networks (LANs) have been around in various forms since the late
1960s and early 1970s. Since that time, they have found their way into many
systems that affect our everyday life. For instance, LANs have been designed into
automobiles to link the various sensors and microprocessors now found in cars to
monitor everything from air temperature, moisture, fuel-to-air mixtures, fuel
economy, and emission control to even determining if the driver is sober enough
to drive. The network has become an integral part of our computer and information
management technologies.
In order for us as LAN designers, users, purchasers, and researchers to make
sound decisions regarding local area networks, we need to have sufficient infor-
mation on their characteristics and operation.
Books have been published that define what a LAN is, what it can do for us, and
how it performs, although texts that address LANs as a component of a system,
needing to be analyzed and evaluated are limited. This text aims at filling that void.
The goals of this text are to review the state of technology for LANs from a
hardware and software perspective, develop a set of metrics that can be used to
evaluate LANs for end applications, and investigate methodologies for evaluating
LANs from these perspectives.
Included in this book are LAN evaluation techniques utilizing analysis, opera-
tional analysis, hardware testbeds, and simulations. Simulations will be stressed in
greater detail and a tool available for evaluating LANs performance — which we
call MALAN — will be presented and the details of its structure developed.
The simulator discussed can be obtained from the authors for use by researchers,
users, designers, or evaluators, to aid them in their LAN modeling endeavors.
Paul Fortier
255 Fairview
Portsmouth, RI 02871
George Desrochers
Georgetown, MA
ix