Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems (Computational Analysis, Synthesis, and Design of Dynamic Systems)

766 Pages·2009·9.73 MB·English

by  Gabriela Nicolescu

Model-Based Design
for Embedded Systems
Nicolescu/Model-BasedDesignforEmbeddedSystems 67842_C000 Finals Page i 2009-10-13
Computational Analysis, Synthesis,
and Design of Dynamic Models Series
Series Editor
Pieter J. Mosterman
The MathWorks
Natick, Massachusetts
Discrete-Event Modeling and Simulation: A Practitioner's Approach,
Gabriel A. Wainer
Discrete-Event Modeling and Simulation: Theory and Applications,
edited by Gabriel A. Wainer and Pieter J. Mosterman
Model-Based Design for Embedded Systems,
edited by Gabriela Nicolescu and Pieter J. Mosterman
Model-Based Testing for Embedded Systems,
edited by Justyna Zander, Ina Schieferdecker, and Pieter J. Mosterman
Multi-Agent Systems: Simulation & Applications,
edited by Adelinde M. Uhrmacher and Danny Weyns
Nicolescu/Model-BasedDesignforEmbeddedSystems 67842_C000 Finals Page ii 2009-10-13
Model-Based Design
for Embedded Systems
Gabriela Nicolescu
Pieter J. Mosterman
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
Nicolescu/Model-BasedDesignforEmbeddedSystems 67842_C000 Finals Page iii 2009-10-13
MATLAB® and Simulink® are trademarks of The MathWorks, Inc. and are used with permission. The Math-
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Model-based design for embedded systems / Gabriela Nicolescu, Pieter J. Mosterman.
p. cm. -- (Computational analysis, synthesis, and design of dynamic models series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-6784-2 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. Embedded computer systems--Design and construction. I. Nicolescu, G. (Gabriela)
II. Mosterman, Pieter J. III. Title. IV. Series.
TK7895.E42M62 2010
004.16--dc22 2009036996
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Nicolescu/Model-BasedDesignforEmbeddedSystems 67842_C000 Finals Page iv 2009-10-13
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
PartI Real-TimeandPerformanceAnalysisin
HeterogeneousEmbeddedSystems
1 PerformancePredictionofDistributedPlatforms . . . . . . . . . . 3
LotharThieleandSimonPerathoner
2 SystemC-BasedPerformanceAnalysisofEmbedded
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
JürgenSchnerr,OliverBringmann,MatthiasKrause,
AlexanderViehl,andWolfgangRosentiel
3 FormalPerformanceAnalysisforReal-TimeHeterogeneous
EmbeddedSystems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
SimonSchliecker,JonasRox,RafikHenia,RazvanRacu,
ArneHamann,andRolfErnst
4 Model-BasedFrameworkforSchedulabilityAnalysis
UsingUPPAAL4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
AlexandreDavid,JacobIllum,KimG.Larsen,andArneSkou
5 ModelingandAnalysisFrameworkforEmbedded
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
JanMadsen,MichaelR.Hansen,andAskeW.Brekling
6 TrueTime:SimulationToolforPerformanceAnalysis
ofReal-TimeEmbeddedSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
AntonCervinandKarl-ErikÅrzén
v
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vi Contents
PartII DesignToolsandMethodologyfor
MultiprocessorSystem-on-Chip
7 MPSoCPlatformMappingToolsforData-Dominated
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
PierreG.Paulin,OlivierBenny,MichelLangevin,YoucefBouchebaba,
ChuckPilkington,BrunoLavigueur,DavidLo,VincentGagne,
andMichelMetzger
8 Retargetable,EmbeddedSoftwareDesignMethodology
forMultiprocessor-EmbeddedSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
SoonhoiHa
9 ProgrammingModelsforMPSoC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
KatalinPopoviciandAhmedJerraya
10 Platform-BasedDesignandFrameworks:
METROPOLISandMETROII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
FeliceBalarin,MassimilianoD’Angelo,AbhijitDavare,DouglasDensmore,
TrevorMeyerowitz,RobertoPasserone,AlessandroPinto,Alberto
Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,AlenaSimalatsar,YosinoriWatanabe,
GuangYang,andQiZhu
11 ReconfigurableMulticoreArchitecturesforStreaming
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
GerardJ.M.Smit,AndréB.J.Kokkeler,GerardK.Rauwerda,
andJanW.M.Jacobs
12 FPGAPlatformsforEmbeddedSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
StephenNeuendorffer
PartIII DesignToolsandMethodologyfor
MultidomainEmbeddedSystems
13 Modeling,Verification,andTestingUsingTimedand
HybridAutomata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
StavrosTripakisandThaoDang
14 SemanticsofDomain-SpecificModelingLanguages . . . . . . . . 437
EthanJackson,RyanThibodeaux,JosephPorter,
andJanosSztipanovits
15 Multi-ViewpointStateMachinesforRich
ComponentModels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487
AlbertBenveniste,BenoîtCaillaud,andRobertoPasserone
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Contents vii
16 GenericMethodologyfortheDesignofContinuous/Discrete
Co-SimulationTools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
LuizaGheorghe,GabrielaNicolescu,andHanifaBoucheneb
17 ModelingandSimulationofMixedContinuousand
DiscreteSystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559
EdwardA.LeeandHaiyangZheng
18 DesignRefinementofEmbeddedMixed-SignalSystems . . . . . 585
JanHaase,MarkusDamm,andChristophGrimm
19 PlatformforModel-BasedDesignofIntegrated
Multi-TechnologySystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
IanO’Connor
20 CADToolsforMulti-DomainSystemsonChips . . . . . . . . . . 643
StevenP.Levitan,DonaldM.Chiarulli,TimothyP.Kurzweg,
JoseA.Martinez,SamuelJ.Dickerson,MichaelM.Bails,
DavidK.Reed,andJasonM.Boles
21 SmartSensorsModelingUsingVHDL-AMSfor
MicroinstrumentImplementationwithaDistributed
Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697
CarlesFerrer,LauraBarrachina-Saralegui,andBibianaLorente-Alvarez
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
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Preface
The unparalleled flexibility of computation has been a key driver and fea-
turebonanzainthedevelopmentofawiderangeofproductsacrossabroad
and diverse spectrum of applications such as in the automotive aerospace,
health care, consumer electronics, etc. Consequently, the embedded micro-
processors that implement computational functionality have become a part
ofalmosteveryfacetofourworld,therebysignificantlyimprovingthequal-
ityofourlives.Theversatilityofcomputationalfeaturesinvitesandendorses
adegreeofimaginationandcreativityindesignthathasunlockedanalmost
insatiabledemandforconsistentlyincreasingboththecomplexityofembed-
dedsystemsandtheperformanceofembeddedcomputations.Thequestto
risetothesedemandshasresultedincomputingarchitecturesofaheteroge-
neousnature.Thesearchitecturesoftenintegrateseveraltypesofprocessors,
analoganddigitalelectroniccomponents,aswellasmechanicalandoptical
components, all on a single chip. To efficiently design for such heterogene-
ity and to maximally exploit its capabilities have become one of the most
prominent challenges that we are now faced with as a design automation
community.
Model-BasedDesignisemergingasasolutiontobridgethegapbetween
computational capabilities that are available but that we are yet unable to
exploit. Using a computational approach in the design itself allows rais-
ing the level of abstraction of the system specification at which novel and
differentiating functionalities are captured. Automation can then assist in
refiningthisspecificationtoanimplementation.Forthistobesuccessful,per-
formancestudiesofpotentialimplementationsatahighlevelofabstraction
are essential, combined withthe necessity oftraceability and parameteriza-
tionthroughouttherefinementprocess.
This book provides a compilation of the work of internationally
renowned authors on Model-Based Design. Each chapter contributes
supreme results that have helped establish Model-Based Design and that
continue to expand its barriers. The respective authors excel in their exper-
tise on the automation of design refinement and how to relate properties
throughout this refinement while enabling analytic and synthetic qualities.
Wearedelightedandhonoredbytheirparticipationintheeffortthatledto
thisbook,andwesincerelyhopethatthereaderswillfindtheindulgenceof
intellectualachievementasenjoyableandstimulatingaswedo.
In closing, we would like to express our genuine appreciation and grat-
itude for all the time and effort that each of the authors has put in. Our
ix
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