Mobile Satellite Communications : Principles and Trends

752 Pages·2014·14.49 MB·english

by  Richharia Madhavendra

MOBILE SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS

MOBILE SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
PRINCIPLES AND TRENDS
Second Edition
MadhavendraRichharia
KnowledgeSpaceLtd.,UK
Thiseditionfirstpublished2014
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Richharia,M.(Madhavendra)
Mobilesatellitecommunicationsprinciplesandtrends/M.Richharia.–Secondedition.
pagescm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-119-99886-0(cloth)
1.Artificialsatellitesintelecommunication.2.Mobilecommunicationsystems.I.Title.
TK5104.R5282011
621.3841′56–dc23
2013031745
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
ISBN:9781119998860(Hardback)
ePDF:9781118810064 oBook:9781118810170
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Typesetin10/12ptTimesLTStdbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India
1 2014
To my parents

Contents
Preface xv
AbouttheAuthor xvii
Acknowledgements xix
1 Introduction 1
1.1 ScopeandOrganization 1
1.2 EvolutionofMobileTelecommunications 5
1.2.1 TerrestrialSystems 5
1.2.2 SatelliteSystems 8
1.3 SatelliteSystemArchitecture 13
1.3.1 RadioFrequencyEnvironment 15
1.3.2 Orbit 18
1.3.3 TolerableDelayinDataDelivery 20
1.3.4 Handover 20
1.3.5 MobilityManagement 20
1.3.6 PhysicalEnvironment 21
1.3.7 SatelliteAccess 21
1.3.8 SpectrumManagement 22
1.3.9 RadioLinkReliability 23
1.4 BusinessPlan 23
1.5 RegulatoryConsiderations 23
1.6 OperationalConsiderations 24
1.7 MobileSystems–AComparison 26
1.8 ExampleApplications 27
1.9 PracticalLimitations 27
1.10 RelatedSatelliteSystems 29
1.10.1 M-VSATSystems 29
1.10.2 SatelliteNavigationSystems 30
1.10.3 DirectBroadcaststoIndividualsandMobiles 30
viii Contents
1.11 Trends 31
1.11.1 General 31
1.11.2 Market 32
1.11.3 SystemArchitecture 32
1.11.4 Spectrum 33
1.11.5 Technology 33
Revision 34
References 35
2 SatelliteConstellations 37
2.1 Introduction 37
2.2 SatelliteOrbits 38
2.2.1 OrbitalMechanicsBasics 38
2.2.2 SatelliteCoverage 56
2.2.3 SpaceEnvironment 57
2.2.4 EclipseonSatellites 58
2.2.5 TheSun’sInterference 61
2.2.6 DopplerEffect 61
2.2.7 OrbitalDebris 61
2.2.8 SummaryofOrbitalCharacteristics 68
2.3 SatelliteConstellations 69
2.3.1 ConsiderationsinConstellationDesign 72
2.3.2 PolarConstellations 73
2.3.3 InclinedOrbitConstellations 75
2.3.4 HybridConstellations 79
2.3.5 RegionalCoverage 79
2.3.6 ConstellationsforNon-Real-TimeSystems 80
2.3.7 UseofSpotBeams 80
2.3.8 AvailabilityConsiderationsforNon-GeostationarySatellites 80
Revision 85
References 86
3 RadioLink 89
3.1 Introduction 89
3.2 SpectrumIssues 89
3.2.1 SpectrumSharingMethods 92
3.2.2 SpectrumForecastMethodology 98
3.3 PropagationCharacteristics 100
3.3.1 GeneralPropagationCharacteristics 101
3.3.2 LandMobileChannel 111
3.3.3 MaritimeChannel 146
3.3.4 AeronauticalChannel 153
3.3.5 SystemImplications 158
3.4 RadioLinkAnalysis 162
Revision 170
References 171