Missing links : gender equity in science and technology for development

388 Pages·1995·12.6 MB·English

by  United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development. Gender Working Group

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,
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GenderEquityinScienceandTechnology
forDevelopment
GenderWorkingGroup,
UnitedNationsCommissiononScience
andTechnologyforDevelopment
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE
inassociationwith
INTERMEDIATETECHNOLOGYPUBLICATIONS
and
UNIFEM
PublishedinCanadaby
InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre
POBox8500,Ottawa,ON,CanadaK1G3H9
and
intheUnitedKingdomby
IntermediateTechnologyPublicationsLtd
103-105SouthamptonRow,LondonWC1B4HH,UK
and
intheUnitedStatesby
UNIFEM(UnitedNationsDevelopmentFundforWomen)
304East45thStreet,6thFloor,NewYork,NY10017,USA
®InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre1995
UnitedNationsCommissiononScienceandTechnologyDevelopment,
GeneveCH.GenderWorkingGroup
Missinglinks:genderequityinscienceandtechnologyfordevelopment.
Ottawa,ON,IDRC,1995.xv+376p.
/Women'srole/,/women’srights/,/scienceandtechnology/,/sustainable
development/,/developingcountries/—/indigenousknowledge/,/food
security/,/energy/,/health/,/decisionmaking/,/scienceeducation/,
/technologyassessment/,/entrepreneurship/,/information/,/UN/,
/recommendations/,references.
UDC:396:600
ACIPrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Amicroficheeditionisavailable.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin
aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,
mechanical,photocopying,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofthe
InternationalDevelopmentResearchCentre.
Allpaperusedisrecycledaswellasrecycleable.Allinksandcoatingsare
vegetable-basedproducts.
ISBN0-88936-765-5(IDRC)
ISBN1853392898(ITPublications)
ISBN0-912917-37-7(UNIFEM)
This bookisdedicatedtoStanislasRuzenza,
a memberofthe GenderWorkingGroup.
ProfessorRuzenza diedinJune I995,
a victim ofcivilstrife in Burundi.
Thispageintentionallyleftblank
Contents
Foreword OscarSerrate ix
Preface—GeoffreyOldham xi
Acknowledgments xv
Chapter1
TAKINGACTION J
Conclusionsand
theGenderWorkingGroup
Chapter2
KEYPATHSFORSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY » 27
Ontheroadtoenvironmentallysustainable
andequitabledevelopment
Bonnie.Kettel
Chapter3
CLAIMINGANDUSINGINDIGENOUSKNOWLEDGE
HelenAppleton,MariaE.Fernandez,
CatherineL.MHitt,andConsueloQuiroz
Chapter4
WOMENSPEARHEADFOODSECURITY 83
Scienceandtechnologyanasset?
ShimwaamMuntembaandRuvimboChimedza
Chapter5
ACRISISINPOWER 107
Energyplanningfordevelopment
JudiWangalwaWalchunguandElizabethCecelski
Chapter6
LOOKINGATHEALTHTHROUGHWOMEN'SEYES
Soon-YoungYoon
Chapter7
DOINGTHERIGHTTHING.
ANOfTramJeUwSoTrkDfOoIrNdeGcisTiHonIsNaGbSouRtItGecHhTnol±o_gy159
ArmineeKazanjian
Chapter8
SCHOOLINGFORWHAT? 181
Educationandcareeropportunitiesforwomenin
science,technology,andengineering
EvaM.Rathgeber
Chapter9
LITERACYFORALL •» 201
Educatingandempoweringwomen
PamelaFraser-AbderandJaushreeA.Mehta
Chapter10
whobenefits; 219
Measuringthedifferentialimpactofnewtechnologies
SwastiMitter
Chapter11
Womeninsmall-andmedium-sizedenterprises
GillianM,MarceUeandMerleJacob
Chapter12
INFORMATIONASATRANSFORMATIVETOO! 267
Thegenderdimension
IDRCGenderandInformationWorkingGroup
Chapter13
JUSTADDWOMENANDSTIR? 295
SandraHarding
AppendixA
THEGENDERWORKINGGROUP 309
oftheUnitedNationsCommissionon
ScienceandTechnologyforDevelopment
AppendixB
PREVIOUSRECOMMENDATIONS 313
Buildingontwodecadesofexperience
AppendixC
ACRONYMSANDABBREVIATIONS 343
Bibliography 347
Foreword
SinceGalileoGalilei,theworldhaslearnedaboutthecloseconnec-
tionbetweenscienceandliberty.Now,asweapproachthedawning
ofthethirdmillenium,nobodycandenyhowmuchtechnologyhas
contributedtothewell-beingofhumankindandtothespreadoffree-
domaroundourplanet.
Sciencehasgivenusmusclestomovemachines,telescopic
viewsoftheoriginsofouruniverse,andadditionalyearstoourbrief
existence.Ithasmultipliedmemoriesandopenedoureyesandears
todifferentcultures.But,muchmoreimportantly,sciencehasgiven
usthemeanstoliberateslavesandcoloniesandhasmadetheattain-
mentofglobalequityarealpossibility,forthefirsttimeinhistory.
Allofusmaynowbeconnectedbyelectronicpulses,butwe
aretrulyunitedbyacommondestiny.Whereverthereislife,there
isalsoknowledgethatcouldmakeourlivesbetter;whereverthereis
pain,itisfeltbyeachofus.Allofussharethesamehome,andthe
challengeswefacearemultiplying.Inrespondingtothesechallenges
andbuildingforthisandfuturegenerations,scienceprovidesusboth
visionandpowerfultools.
Aftercenturiesofaction,research,anddevelopment,the
gapbetweenscienceandlibertyhasalmostvanished.However,what
ofthegapbetweenscienceandjustice?Whatofequalityofopportu-
nityandaccesstoknowledge,whichisnowourmostprecious
resource?Closingthisgapremainsanenormoustask.
Recognizingthis,theUnitedNations,withthewisdomofits
members,createdtheCommissiononScienceandTechnologyfor
Development.Itsnovelworkingstyle,createdduringthefirstsession
oftheCommission,reliedonthefullparticipationofmembers,gov-
ernments,andpartnerorganizations.Social,geographical,andgen-
derdifferencesweregraduallycastasideasideasandeffortswere
mergedtoformtheCommission’sfinalreportandthispublication.
Nowwepassourworkontoyou,thereader.Byopeningthis
book,youtoohavebecomeanactorinbridgingjusticeandscience.
Theproof,themeans,andthewaysarenowinfrontofus.Allthatis
leftistoact.
OscarSerrate
Chair,UnitedNationsCommissiononScience
andTechnologyforDevelopment