Migration Theory: Talking across Disciplines

357 Pages·2014·1.78 MB·English

by  Caroline B. Brettell

Migration Theory

During the last decade the issue of migration has increased in global promi-
nence and has caused controversy among the host countries around the world.
Continuing their interdisciplinary approach, editors Caroline B. Brettell and
James F. Hollifi eld have included revised essays from the previous edition
of Migration Theory in such fi elds as anthropology, political science, and geo-
graphy, as well as new essays focusing on history, economics, demography,
sociology, and law.
Each chapter is international in scope. Chapter authors also cross-reference
other chapters, indicating the differences across disciplines as well as explor-
ing similarities. Returning authors have revised their chapters to encompass
changes in their fi eld. New authors will offer a fresh approach to the disciplin-
ary perspectives.
S cholars and students in migration studies will fi nd this book a powerful theo-
retical guide and a text that brings them up to speed quickly on the important
issues and the debates. All of the social science disciplines will fi nd that this
book offers a one-stop synthesis of contemporary thought on migration.
Caroline B. Brettell is University Distinguished Professor of Anthropology
at Southern Methodist University and Ruth Collins Altshuler Director of the
Dedman College Interdisciplinary Institute.
James F. Hollifi eld is Ora Nixon Arnold Professor of International Political
Economy and Director of the John Goodwin Tower Center for Political Studies
at Southern Methodist University.
This page intentionally left blank
Migration Theory
Talking Across Disciplines
Third Edition
Edited by
Caroline B. Brettell
and James F. Hollifi eld
First published 2015
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
© 2015 Taylor & Francis
The right of Caroline B. Brettell and James F. Hollifi eld to be
identifi ed as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for
their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections
77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identifi cation and
explanation without intent to infringe.
Second edition published 2008 by Routledge
First edition published 2000 by Routledge
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Migration theory : talking across disciplines / edited by Caroline B.
Brettell, James F. Hollifi eld. — Third edition.
pages cm
Summary: “During the last decade the issue of migration has
increased in global prominence and has caused controversy among
the host countries around the world. Continuing their interdisciplinary
approach, editors Caroline Brettell and James Hollifi eld have included
revised essays from the previous edition of Migration Theory in
such fi elds as anthropology, political science, law, demography, and
geography, as well as new essays focusing on history, economics,
and sociology. Each chapter is international in scope. Chapter authors
also cross-reference other chapters, indicating the differences across
disciplines as well as exploring similarities. Returning authors have
revised their chapters to encompass changes in their fi eld. New authors
will offer a fresh approach to the disciplinary perspectives. Scholars
and students in migration studies will fi nd this book a powerful
theoretical guide and a text that brings them up to speed quickly on the
important issues and the debates. All of the social science disciplines
will fi nd that this book offers a one-stop synthesis of contemporary
thought on migration.”—Provided by publisher.
1. Emigration and immigration. I. Brettell, Caroline.
II. Hollifi eld, James Frank, 1954–
JV6035.M545 2014
304.8—dc23
2014011738
ISBN: 978-0-415-74202-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-81493-3 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Contents
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES ix
PREFACE xi
INTRODUCTION 1
Migration Theory
Talking Across Disciplines
Caroline B. Brettell and James F. Hollifi eld
Framing the Question 3
Levels and Units of Analysis 11
Data and Methodology 14
Immigration, Integration, and Citizenship 19
Bridge Building among the Disciplines 21
CHAPTER 1
Time and Temporality in Migration Studies 37
Donna R. Gabaccia
The Historical Origins of Migration Studies 39
Theory and Historical Migration Studies after 1960 43
Migration as a Global Phenomenon: The Current
State of the History–Social Science Dialogue 53
Conclusion 55
CHAPTER 2
Demographic Analyses of Immigration 67
Frank D. Bean and Susan K. Brown
Theories of International Migration 69
Theories of Immigrant Integration 74
Theories of Immigration’s Effects on Receiving Societies 81
Conclusion 83
CHAPTER 3
Economic Aspects of Migration 90
Philip Martin
Introduction 90
Immigration Patterns and Responses 91
v
CONTENTS vi
Macroeconomic Effects 93
Labor Market Effects 96
Public Finance Effects 105
Entrepreneurship and Innovation 108
Conclusions 109
CHAPTER 4
The Sociology of International Migration 115
David Scott FitzGerald
A Taxonomy of Sociological Perspectives 117
Selectivity 119
Classical Assimilation and Integration 124
Segmented Assimilation 128
Transnationalism 131
Dissimilation 135
Conclusion 137
CHAPTER 5
Theorizing Migration in Anthropology 148
The Cultural, Social, and Phenomenological Dimensions of Movement
Caroline B. Brettell
Patterns of Mobility: From Typologies to Meaning 150
Articulating Micro and Macro/Global and
Local/Here and There 153
The Social Organization of Migration:
Kinship, Networks, and Gender 159
Theorizing Migration/Theorizing Ethnicity and Identity 163
Citizenship and Belonging/Inclusion and Exclusion 168
The State, the City, and Multiculturalism 170
Conclusion 174
CHAPTER 6
Coming of Age 198
Migration Theory in Geography
Susan W. Hardwick
Introduction 198
Socio- Spatial Theories in Geography 201
The “Transnational Turn” in Geography 207
Feminist Theory and Migration Research in Geography 212
Critical Race Theory, Whiteness, and
Antiracist Geography 214
Future Directions for Migration Research in Geography 217
vii CONTENTS
CHAPTER 7
The Politics of International Migration 227
How Can “We Bring the State Back In”?
James F. Hollifi eld and Tom K. Wong
Framing the Question 230
The Migration “Crisis” in Historical Perspective 231
The Politics of Control 235
Migration and International Relations 245
The Politics of Incorporation, Citizenship,
and National Identity 257
Conclusion: Avenues for Future Research 268
CHAPTER 8
Law and Migration 289
Many Constants, Few Changes
David Abraham
Immigration and Sovereignty 289
Westphalian and Post- Westphalian Problems and Reforms 294
Post- Westphalian and Neo- Westphalian Backlash 299
Post- Multiculturalism and the Neo- Liberal Welfare State 301
CHAPTER 9
Migration Theory Rebooted? 318
Asymmetric Challenges in a Global Agenda
Adrian Favell
Canyons and Silos in Migration Studies 318
Nation- State Mentalities 320
Asymmetries across the Atlantic 322
Final Word 327
CONTRIBUTORS 329
INDEX 333
This page intentionally left blank
Figures and Tables
FIGURES
3.1 The Economic Impacts of Migration 94
3.2 Long-Term Fiscal Impact of One Immigrant in 1996 107
7.1 Trends in International Migration, 1960–2010 230
TABLES
1.1 Migration Theories across Disciplines 4
1.2 Modeling Migrant Behavior and its Effects 24
3.1 Immigrants in the US Labor Force, 2010 95
3.2 Employment in Food Manufacturing by Race/Ethnicity:
2000, 2005, and 2010 99
4.1 Migration Studies Perspectives in Sociology 117
6.1 Comparison of Conventional and Modifi ed Spatial
Assimilation Theories 206
ix