Microsoft and VBScript for the Absolute - Free

520 Pages·2005·7.98 MB·English

Microsoft WSH
®
and VBScript
Programming
for the Absolute
Beginner
Second Edition
JERRY LEE FORD, JR.
© 2005 by Thomson Course Technology PTR. All rights reserved. No Publisher and
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To Alexander, William, Molly, and Mary.
Acknowledgments
T
he second edition of Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the
Absolute Beginnerrepresents the culmination of efforts provided by a
number of individuals over the last two years. Todd Jensen served as the
acquisitions editor for the first edition. Estelle Manticas and Zac Hester were also
key contributors to the first edition. Estelle served as both the book’s develop-
ment and copy editor and Zac provided valuable guidance as technical editor.
I also want to acknowledge Mitzi Koontz for serving as the acquisitions editor for the
second edition of the book. Special recognition also goes to Linda Seifert for her
copyediting services. I’d be remiss if I did not thank Zac Hester one more time for
returning as technical editor. Finally, I’d like to thank everyone else at Course PTR
for all their hard work.
About the Author
J
erry Lee Ford, Jr.is an author, educator, and IT professional with over 16
years’ experience in information technology, including roles as an
automation analyst, technical manager, technical support analyst,
automation engineer, and security analyst. Jerry has a master’s degree in business
administration from Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia.
He also is the author of 13 other books, including VBScript Professional Projects,
Microsoft Windows Shell Scripting and WSH Administrator’s Guide, Learn
VBScript in a Weekend, Microsoft Windows Shell Scripting for the Absolute
Beginner, Learn JavaScript in a Weekend, and Microsoft Windows XP Profes-
sional Administrator’s Guide. He has over five years’ experience as an adjunct
instructor teaching networking courses in Information Technology. Jerry lives in
Richmond, Virginia, with his wife, Mary, and their children William, Alexander,
and Molly.
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Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
PART I Introducing the WSH and VBScript . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Getting Started with the WSH and VBScript . . . . .3
Chapter 1
Project Preview: The Knock Knock Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
What Is the WSH? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
WSH Scripting Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Selecting a WSH Script Execution Host. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Introducing the WSH Core Object Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
How Does the WSH Compare to Windows Shell Scripting? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Understanding How the Windows Shell Works. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How Does It All Work?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Operating System Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
How Do You Install It? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
How Does It Work with VBScript?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
What Other Scripting Languages Does the WSH Support?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Introducing VBScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
VBScript Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
VBScript’s Roots. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
VBScript’s Cousins: Visual Basic and VBA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Microsoft Scripting Technologies Web Page. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Back to the Knock Knock Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Designing the Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
The Final Result. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Overview of the Windows Script Host . . . . . . . . .35
Chapter 2
Project Preview: The Rock, Paper, and Scissors Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
A Detailed Examination of WSH Components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
The Core Object Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
WSH Objects and Their Properties and Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
viii Microsoft WSH and VBScript Programming for the Absolute Beginner, Second Edition
Configuring WSH Execution Hosts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Configuring WScript and CScript Command-Line Execution. . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Configuring WScript Desktop Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Overriding Command-Line Host Execution Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Customizing WScript Settings for Individual Desktop Scripts. . . . . . . . . . . 56
Back to the Rock, Paper, and Scissors Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Designing the Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
The Final Result. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
PART II Learning VBScript & WSH Scripting . . . . . . . . . . .63
VBScript Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Chapter 3
Project Preview: The Math Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
VBScript Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
VBScript Syntax Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Reserved Characters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Adding Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Mastering the VBScript Object Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Working with VBScript Run-Time Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Using VBScript Run-Time Objects in Your Scripts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Examining Built-in VBScript Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Demo: The Square Root Calculator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Demo: A New and Improved Square Root Calculator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Displaying Script Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
The WScript’s Echo() Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
The WshShell Object’s Popup() Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
The VBScript InputBox() Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
The VBScript MsgBox() Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Back to the Math Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
A Quick Overview of the WshShell SendKeys() Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Designing the Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
The Final Result. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Contents ix
Constants,Variables, and Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Chapter 4
Project Preview: The Story of Captain Adventure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Understanding How Scripts View Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Working with Data That Never Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Assigning Data to Constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
VBScript Run-Time Constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Storing Data That Changes During Script Execution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
VBScript Data Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Defining Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Variable Naming Rules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Variable Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Modifying Variable Values with Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Using the WSH to Work with Environment Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Working with Collections of Related Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Single-Dimension Arrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Multiple-Dimension Arrays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Processing Array Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Getting a Handle on the Size of Your Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Resizing Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Building Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Erasing Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Processing Data Passed to a Script at Run-Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Passing Arguments to Scripts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Designing Scripts That Accept Argument Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Back to the Story of Captain Adventure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Designing the Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
The Final Result. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Conditional Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
Chapter 5
Project Preview: The Star Trek Quiz Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Examining Program Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
The If Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
The Select Case Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Performing More Complex Tests with VBScript Operators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Back to the Star TrekQuiz Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Game Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
The Fully Assembled Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172