UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING DOCTORAL THESIS METAPHOR IN SPECIALISED LANGUAGE: AN ENGLISH-SPANISH COMPARATIVE STUDY IN MARINE BIOLOGY JOSÉ MANUEL UREÑA GÓMEZ-MORENO GRANADA, 2011 Editor: Editorial de la Universidad de Granada Autor: José Manuel Ureña Gómez Moreno D.L.: GR 1871-2011 ISBN: 978-84-694-1298-5 METAPHOR IN SPECIALISED LANGUAGE: AN ENGLISH-SPANISH COMPARATIVE STUDY IN MARINE BIOLOGY Doctoral Thesis Submitted by PhD candidate José Manuel Ureña Gómez-Moreno to the University of Granada to obtain the Doctor Europaeus Mention Approved and signed Approved and signed by by Maribel Tercedor Sánchez Pamela Faber Benítez Director of the Thesis Co-Director of the Thesis UNIVERSITY OF GRANADA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING 2011 To my beloved parents, José Manuel and Sonsoles “You need an ‘as if’ to look at the world. You need an ‘as if’ to explain the world”. Horace Romano Harré, philosopher and psychologist. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................................... xv INDEX OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... xvii INDEX OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... xix 0. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 23 0.1. Presentation and Scope of the Study ................................................................ 23 0.2. Working hypotheses ........................................................................................ 25 0.3. Objectives ....................................................................................................... 28 1. COGNITIVIST THEORIES OF METAPHOR ............................................................... 31 1.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 31 1.2. Experientialism and Conceptual Metaphor Theory .......................................... 34 1.2.1. Metaphorical thought ........................................................................................ 35 1.2.2. Embodiment and the ecological nature of metaphoric thought ........................... 37 1.2.3. Cultural aspects of conceptual metaphor ........................................................... 39 1.2.4. Prototypes and basic-level categories ................................................................ 41 1.2.5. Image metaphors vs. structural-conceptual metaphors ...................................... 42 1.3. Primary Metaphor Theory ............................................................................... 44 1.3.1. Primary metaphors vs. compound metaphors .................................................... 44 1.3.2. Primary metaphors vs. resemblance metaphors ................................................. 46 1.4. Mental Spaces Theory and Blending Theory.................................................... 47 1.4.1. Mental Spaces Theory ....................................................................................... 47 1.4.2. Blending Theory ................................................................................................ 50 1.5. Class-Inclusion Theory .................................................................................... 53 1.6. Career of Metaphor Theory ............................................................................. 55 ix
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