MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox™ User's Guide

1286 Pages·2020·67.059 MB·English

by  The MathWorks, Inc.

Image Processing Toolbox™
User's Guide
R2020a
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The MathWorks, Inc.
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Image Processing Toolbox™User's Guide
© COPYRIGHT 1993–2020 by The MathWorks, Inc.
The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement. The software may be used or copied
only under the terms of the license agreement. No part of this manual may be photocopied or reproduced in any form
without prior written consent from The MathWorks, Inc.
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Revision History
August 1993 First printing Version 1
May 1997 Second printing Version 2
April 2001 Third printing Revised for Version 3.0
June 2001 Online only Revised for Version 3.1 (Release 12.1)
July 2002 Online only Revised for Version 3.2 (Release 13)
May 2003 Fourth printing Revised for Version 4.0 (Release 13.0.1)
September 2003 Online only Revised for Version 4.1 (Release 13.SP1)
June 2004 Online only Revised for Version 4.2 (Release 14)
August 2004 Online only Revised for Version 5.0 (Release 14+)
October 2004 Fifth printing Revised for Version 5.0.1 (Release 14SP1)
March 2005 Online only Revised for Version 5.0.2 (Release 14SP2)
September 2005 Online only Revised for Version 5.1 (Release 14SP3)
March 2006 Online only Revised for Version 5.2 (Release 2006a)
September 2006 Online only Revised for Version 5.3 (Release 2006b)
March 2007 Online only Revised for Version 5.4 (Release 2007a)
September 2007 Online only Revised for Version 6.0 (Release 2007b)
March 2008 Online only Revised for Version 6.1 (Release 2008a)
October 2008 Online only Revised for Version 6.2 (Release 2008b)
March 2009 Online only Revised for Version 6.3 (Release 2009a)
September 2009 Online only Revised for Version 6.4 (Release 2009b)
March 2010 Online only Revised for Version 7.0 (Release 2010a)
September 2010 Online only Revised for Version 7.1 (Release 2010b)
April 2011 Online only Revised for Version 7.2 (Release 2011a)
September 2011 Online only Revised for Version 7.3 (Release 2011b)
March 2012 Online only Revised for Version 8.0 (Release 2012a)
September 2012 Online only Revised for Version 8.1 (Release 2012b)
March 2013 Online only Revised for Version 8.2 (Release 2013a)
September 2013 Online only Revised for Version 8.3 (Release 2013b)
March 2014 Online only Revised for Version 9.0 (Release 2014a)
October 2014 Online only Revised for Version 9.1 (Release 2014b)
March 2015 Online only Revised for Version 9.2 (Release 2015a)
September 2015 Online only Revised for Version 9.3 (Release 2015b)
March 2016 Online only Revised for Version 9.4 (Release 2016a)
September 2016 Online only Revised for Version 9.5 (Release 2016b)
March 2017 Online only Revised for Version 10.0 (Release 2017a)
September 2017 Online only Revised for Version 10.1 (Release 2017b)
March 2018 Online only Revised for Version 10.2 (Release 2018a)
September 2018 Online only Revised for Version 10.3 (Release 2018b)
March 2019 Online only Revised for Version 10.4 (Release 2019a)
September 2019 Online only Revised for Version 11.0 (Release 2019b)
March 2020 Online only Revised for Version 11.1 (Release 2020a)

Contents
Getting Started
1
Image Processing Toolbox Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Configuration Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Compilability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Basic Image Import, Processing, and Export . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5
Correct Nonuniform Illumination and Analyze Foreground Objects . . . . 1-10
Getting Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Product Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Image Processing Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
MATLAB Newsgroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
Introduction
2
Images in MATLAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Image Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Pixel Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Spatial Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Define World Coordinates Using XData and YData Properties . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Display an Image using Nondefault Spatial Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Define World Coordinates Using Spatial Referencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Image Types in the Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
Binary Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Indexed Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Grayscale Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Truecolor Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
HDR Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Multispectral and Hyperspectral Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Label Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
v
Display Separated Color Channels of RGB Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Convert Between Image Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Convert Image Data Between Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Overview of Image Class Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Losing Information in Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Converting Indexed Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
Perform an Operation on a Sequence of Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Detecting Cars in a Video of Traffic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
Process Folder of Images Using Image Batch Processor App . . . . . . . . . 2-30
Process Large Set of Images Using MapReduce Framework and Hadoop
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
Work with Image Sequences as Multidimensional Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Create Multidimensional Array Representing Image Sequence . . . . . . . . 2-48
Display Image Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Process Image Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
Image Arithmetic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
Image Arithmetic Clipping Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
Nest Calls to Image Arithmetic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Find Vegetation in a Multispectral Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Reading and Writing Image Data
3
Get Information About Graphics Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Read Image Data into the Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Read Multiple Images from a Single Graphics File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Read and Write 1-Bit Binary Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Write Image Data to File in Graphics Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Determine Storage Class of Output Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
DICOM Support in Image Processing Toolbox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Read Metadata from DICOM Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Private DICOM Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Create Your Own Copy of DICOM Dictionary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
vi Contents
Read Image Data from DICOM Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
View DICOM Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Write Image Data to DICOM Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Include Metadata with Image Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Explicit Versus Implicit VR Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
Remove Confidential Information from a DICOM File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Create New DICOM Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Mayo Analyze 7.5 Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
Interfile Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
Work with High Dynamic Range Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Read HDR Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Display and Process HDR Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
Create High Dynamic Range Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Write High Dynamic Range Image to File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
Display High Dynamic Range Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
Displaying and Exploring Images
4
Image Display and Exploration Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Display an Image in a Figure Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Specifying the Initial Image Magnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Controlling the Appearance of the Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Display Multiple Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Display Multiple Images in Separate Figure Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Display Multiple Images in a Montage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Display Images Individually in the Same Figure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Compare a Pair of Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
View Thumbnails of Images in Folder or Datastore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11
Interact with Images Using Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Open Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18
Initial Image Magnification in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Choose Colormap Used by Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Import Image Data from Workspace into Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
Export Image Data from Image Viewer App to Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Save Image Data Displayed in Image Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Close the Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Print Images Displayed in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
vii
Explore Images with Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
Explore Images Using the Overview Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
Pan Images Displayed in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
Zoom Images in the Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Specify Image Magnification in Image Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Get Pixel Information in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28
Determine Individual Pixel Values in Image Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28
Determine Pixel Values in an Image Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Determine Image Display Range in Image Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32
Measure Distance Between Pixels in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34
Determine Distance Between Pixels Using Distance Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34
Export Endpoint and Distance Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-35
Customize the Appearance of the Distance Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-36
Get Image Information in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-37
Adjust Image Contrast in Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39
Open the Adjust Contrast Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-39
Adjust Image Contrast Using the Histogram Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-41
Adjust Image Contrast Using Window/Level Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-42
Make Contrast Adjustments Permanent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-44
Interactive Contrast Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-46
Crop Image Using Image Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-47
Explore 3-D Volumetric Data with Volume Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-50
Load Volume Data into the Volume Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-50
View the Volume Data in the Volume Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-52
Adjust View of Volume Data in Volume Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-55
Refine the View with the Rendering Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-57
Save Volume Viewer Rendering and Camera Configuration Settings . . . . 4-62
Explore 3-D Labeled Volumetric Data with Volume Viewer App . . . . . . . 4-63
Load Labeled Volume and Intensity Volume into Volume Viewer . . . . . . . 4-63
View Labeled Volume in Volume Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-65
Embed Labeled Volume with Intensity Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-66
View Image Sequences in Video Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-71
View MRI Sequence Using Video Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-71
Configure Video Viewer App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-74
Specifying the Frame Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-75
Specify Color Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76
Get Information about an Image Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-76
Convert Multiframe Image to Movie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-78
Display Different Image Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-79
Display Indexed Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-79
Display Grayscale Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-79
Display Binary Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-81
Display Truecolor Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-82
viii Contents
Add Color Bar to Displayed Grayscale Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-84
Print Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Graphics Object Properties That Impact Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-86
Manage Display Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87
Retrieve Values of Toolbox Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87
Set Values of Toolbox Preferences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-87
Building GUIs with Modular Tools
5
Build Custom Image Processing Apps Using Modular Interactive Tools
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Interactive Modular Tool Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Display Target Image in Figure Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Associate Modular Tools with Target Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Associate Modular Tools with Particular Target Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Get Handle to Target Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Specify Parent of Modular Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Position Modular Tools in GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Adding Navigation Aids to GUI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Build App to Display Pixel Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
Build App for Navigating Large Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
Customize Modular Tool Interactivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Build Image Comparison Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
Create Angle Measurement Tool Using ROI Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27
Geometric Transformations
6
Resize an Image with imresize Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Rotate an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-6
Crop an Image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8
Translate an Image using imtranslate Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
2-D and 3-D Geometric Transformation Process Overview . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Create Geometric Transformation Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-13
Perform the Geometric Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16
ix
Matrix Representation of Geometric Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
2-D Affine Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17
2-D Projective Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18
Create Composite 2-D Affine Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19
3-D Affine Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21
Specify Fill Values in Geometric Transformation Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-23
Perform Simple 2-D Translation Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-25
N-Dimensional Spatial Transformations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29
Register Two Images Using Spatial Referencing to Enhance Display . . . 6-31
Create a Gallery of Transformed Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-36
Exploring a Conformal Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-52
Exploring Slices from a 3-Dimensional MRI Data Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-64
Padding and Shearing an Image Simultaneously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-71
Image Registration
7
Approaches to Registering Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Registration Estimator App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2
Intensity-Based Automatic Image Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-3
Control Point Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4
Automated Feature Detection and Matching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5
Register Images Using Registration Estimator App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-6
Load Images, Spatial Referencing Information, and Initial
Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Load Images from File or Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-14
Provide Spatial Referencing Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
Provide an Initial Geometric Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-15
Tune Registration Settings in Registration Estimator App . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Geometric Transformations Supported by Registration Estimator App . . 7-17
Feature-Based Registration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-17
Intensity-Based Registration Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
Nonrigid and Post-Processing Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-18
Export Results from Registration Estimator App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
Export Results to the Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
Generate a Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-20
Techniques Supported by Registration Estimator App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22
Feature-Based Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22
Intensity-Based Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-22
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