Mathematics Applied to Engineering and Management Mathematical Engineering, Manufacturing, Mathematics Applied and Management Sciences Series Editor: Mangey Ram, Professor, Department of Mathematics; to Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India Management The aim of this new book series is to publish the research studies and articles that contain the latest development and research applied to mathematics and its applications in the manufacturing and management sciences areas. Mathematical tools and techniques are the strength of engineering sciences. They form the common foundation of all novel disciplines as engineering evolves and develops. The series will include a comprehensive range of applied mathematics and its application in engineering areas such as optimization techniques, mathematical modeling and simulation, stochastic processes and systems engineering, safety-critical system performance, system safety, system security, high-assurance software architecture and design, mathematical modeling in environmental safety sciences, finite element methods, differential equations, and reliability engineering. Edited by Sustainable Procurement in Supply Chain Operations Mangey Ram Edited by Sachin Mangla, Sunil Luthra, Suresh Jakar, Anil Kumar, and Nirpendra Rana S. B. Singh For more information on this series, please visit: https://www.crcpress.com/ Mathematical-Engineering-Manufacturing-and-Management-Sciences/ book-series/CRCMEMMS Mathematical Engineering, Manufacturing, Mathematics Applied and Management Sciences Series Editor: Mangey Ram, Professor, Department of Mathematics; to Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, India Management The aim of this new book series is to publish the research studies and articles that contain the latest development and research applied to mathematics and its applications in the manufacturing and management sciences areas. Mathematical tools and techniques are the strength of engineering sciences. They form the common foundation of all novel disciplines as engineering evolves and develops. The series will include a comprehensive range of applied mathematics and its application in engineering areas such as optimization techniques, mathematical modeling and simulation, stochastic processes and systems engineering, safety-critical system performance, system safety, system security, high-assurance software architecture and design, mathematical modeling in environmental safety sciences, finite element methods, differential equations, and reliability engineering. Edited by Sustainable Procurement in Supply Chain Operations Mangey Ram Edited by Sachin Mangla, Sunil Luthra, Suresh Jakar, Anil Kumar, and Nirpendra Rana S. B. Singh For more information on this series, please visit: https://www.crcpress.com/ Mathematical-Engineering-Manufacturing-and-Management-Sciences/ book-series/CRCMEMMS CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8153-5804-6 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or here- after invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data Names: Ram, Mangey, editor. | Singh, S. B. (Engineer) editor. Title: Mathematics applied to engineering and management / edited by Mangey Ram and S.B. Singh. Description: Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, a CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa, plc, 2019. | Series: Mathematical engineering, manufacturing, and management sciences | Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2019015378 | ISBN 9780815358046 (hardback : acid-free paper) | ISBN 9781351123303 (e-book) Subjects: LCSH: Engineering mathematics. | Industrial management--Mathematics. Classification: LCC TA330 .M325 2019 | DDC 620.001/51--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019015378 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Preface ....................................................................................................................vii Acknowledgments .................................................................................................ix Editors ......................................................................................................................xi Contributors .........................................................................................................xiii 1. Geometric and Geometric-Like Processes and Their Applications in Warranty Analysis ............................................................1 Richard Arnold, Stefanka Chukova, Yu Hayakawa, and Sarah Marshall 2. Supervised Machine Learning: Application Example Using Random Forest in R ..........................................................................25 Bharatendra Rai 3. Simulation Optimization Approach for Cost Reduction in Multi-echelon Inventory Systems Considering Cooperation among Retailers ............................................................................................39 Taha-Hossein Hejazi, Afrooz Farhadi, and Bahareh Hekmatnia 4. Applied Mathematic Technologies in Nonlinear Mechanics of Thin-Walled Constructions ...................................................................71 Vladimir Dmitriev 5. Some Solutions of Differential Equations in Engineering Calculations .................................................................................................117 Lubov Mironova and Leonid Kondratenko 6. Application of Transmuted Gumbel Copula for Energy Modeling ......................................................................................................155 Alok Dhaundiyal, S. B. Singh, and Muammel M. Hanon 7. Differential Quadrature Method: A Robust Technique to Solve Differential Equations ...............................................................................187 G. Arora and M. Bashir 8. The TSCSTFCF Procedure for Reliability Demonstration ................205 Amos E. Gera 9. Reliability Evaluation of a MANET Incorporating Copula ..............229 Nisha Nautiyal and S. B. Singh v vi Contents 10. Hydromagnetic Flow of Copper-Water Nanofluid with Different Nanoparticle Shapes toward a Nonlinear Stretchable Plate ........................................................................................267 Santosh Chaudhary and KM Kanika 11. Reliability and Sensitivity Assessment of a Sugar Mill through Mathematical Modeling ............................................................................285 Amit Kumar and Monika Manglik Index .....................................................................................................................301 Preface There has been ever-increasing challenges, trends, and attention paid to applying mathematics to deal with engineering and managerial problems. Engineers and managers more often find that ultimately their problems are transformed into some of the mathematical forms, which itself brings mathematics into the concerned field of study. We further believe that researchers involved in problems dealing with practical engineering and management approaches may have to apply mathematics to find the solu- tions they’re looking for. Moreover, decision-making by managers, practitio- ners, and engineers can be made more effective if the outcome is decided by the combination of management and engineering theories with the applica- tion of effective mathematical and statistical tools. The fact of the matter is that mathematics is widely applied to solve the many problems of physical and the material world. Keeping these facts and the title of the book in mind, this volume contains applications of mathemati- cal theories and models to problems such as warranty analysis, supervised machine learning, inventory systems, nonlinear mechanics, energy model- ing, reliability evaluation, and hydromagnetic flow. This book is useful to senior graduate, postgraduate students, and research scholars. Of course, it can also be used as a reference book by academicians, scientists, engineers, and managers working in different organizations. We wish to make it clear that this volume is small in an attempt to highlight some contemporary works in which mathematics is applied to engineering and managerial problems. Mangey Ram Graphic Era Deemed to be University Dehradun, India S. B. Singh G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology Pantnagar, India vii Acknowledgments The Editors acknowledge CRC press for this opportunity and professional support. Also, we would like to thank all the chapter authors and reviewers for their availability for this work. ix